青(qing)州(zhou)市剪(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)廠有限公(gong)司(青(qing)州(zhou)剪(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao))始(shi)于明朝嘉靖年間。至清嘉慶年間時,青(qing)州(zhou)城的(de)北營街上出現了(le)“家家支紅(hong)爐(lu)、戶(hu)戶(hu)鐵錘響”的(de)生產剪(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)的(de)繁榮景象。其(qi)中劉家生產的(de)“大三(san)(san)剪(jian)(jian)子(zi)”,以其(qi)信譽(yu)高而(er)深受人民群(qun)眾的(de)喜愛,在(zai)當地(di)有“大三(san)(san)剪(jian)(jian)子(zi)不用(yong)挑(tiao)”的(de)美傳(chuan)。如(ru)今,“青(qing)州(zhou)”牌剪(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)已作為歷(li)史悠久的(de)產品(pin)而(er)享譽(yu)海內外。
剪(jian)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)作為人們日(ri)常(chang)的(de)(de)生活(huo)用具,在(zai)(zai)中國有(you)悠(you)久(jiu)的(de)(de)發展歷史。這從(cong)唐代(dai)詩人賀知(zhi)章(zhang)《詠柳》詩句“不知(zhi)細葉誰裁出,二(er)月(yue)春風似剪(jian)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”中即可(ke)略知(zhi)一(yi)二(er)。民間(jian)源遠(yuan)流長的(de)(de)剪(jian)紙藝術(shu),也從(cong)側面證明(ming)剪(jian)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)在(zai)(zai)中國的(de)(de)悠(you)久(jiu)歷史。漢字“剪(jian)”的(de)(de)象形意思就是“刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)前(qian)還有(you)一(yi)把刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”,古人將剪(jian)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)又稱(cheng)“龍刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”,可(ke)見(jian)其在(zai)(zai)生活(huo)中的(de)(de)重(zhong)要性。中國現存早(zao)期的(de)(de)剪(jian)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)距今已有(you)2100多(duo)年了(le)。
青州(zhou)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)制作工藝復雜。普(pu)(pu)普(pu)(pu)通通一(yi)把剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)制成(cheng)(cheng)就要(yao)經(jing)過3個工段、72道工序(xu)。首先(xian),從搭配(pei)(pei)材料到制成(cheng)(cheng)半(ban)成(cheng)(cheng)品(pin),需(xu)要(yao)23道工序(xu),主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)有配(pei)(pei)料、鍛(duan)雛形、熟鋼、鍛(duan)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)頭、彎(wan)葫蘆、鍛(duan)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)股、制作凹槽、端(duan)勁(jing)(jing)口(kou)等。從半(ban)成(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)到做成(cheng)(cheng)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)(dao),要(yao)經(jing)過41道工序(xu),主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)有搶(qiang)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)、銼(cuo)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)、淬火、磨剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)、壓光(guang)、銼(cuo)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)股、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)等。僅做一(yi)個小墊圈就要(yao)8道工序(xu):裁條、沖眼、打(da)毛刺(ci)、剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)圓、銼(cuo)圓、割花,擺放(fang)、烤色。不經(jing)烤色割出(chu)來的(de)(de)花是(shi)白色的(de)(de),經(jing)過精(jing)心烘(hong)烤則(ze)變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)紅、黃、藍(lan)、紫四色,異常美觀。還有些(xie)工序(xu)既復雜又重要(yao),如端(duan)勁(jing)(jing)口(kou)、調勁(jing)(jing)口(kou)、淬火、細磨刃口(kou)、調整裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)等,都是(shi)保持青州(zhou)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)特點(dian)的(de)(de)重要(yao)工序(xu)。
現在(zai),青州剪(jian)刀不僅在(zai)國內銷售,還(huan)銷往美國、日本(ben)、韓國、馬(ma)來西亞等27個(ge)和地區(qu)。