青(qing)州市剪(jian)刀(dao)廠有限公(gong)司(青(qing)州剪(jian)刀(dao))始(shi)于(yu)明朝(chao)嘉靖年(nian)間。至清嘉慶年(nian)間時,青(qing)州城的(de)北(bei)營街上出現(xian)了“家家支紅(hong)爐、戶戶鐵錘響(xiang)”的(de)生產剪(jian)刀(dao)的(de)繁榮(rong)景象。其(qi)中劉(liu)家生產的(de)“大(da)三剪(jian)子”,以(yi)其(qi)信譽高而深受人民群眾的(de)喜愛(ai),在當地有“大(da)三剪(jian)子不用挑”的(de)美傳。如今,“青(qing)州”牌剪(jian)刀(dao)已作(zuo)為歷史(shi)悠久(jiu)的(de)產品(pin)而享譽海內外(wai)。
剪(jian)刀(dao)作(zuo)為人(ren)們日常(chang)的(de)(de)生活用具,在中(zhong)國(guo)有(you)悠久(jiu)的(de)(de)發展歷(li)(li)史。這(zhe)從唐代詩人(ren)賀知(zhi)章《詠柳》詩句“不知(zhi)細葉誰裁(cai)出,二月(yue)春風(feng)似剪(jian)刀(dao)”中(zhong)即可(ke)略知(zhi)一二。民間源遠(yuan)流長的(de)(de)剪(jian)紙藝(yi)術(shu),也從側面證明剪(jian)刀(dao)在中(zhong)國(guo)的(de)(de)悠久(jiu)歷(li)(li)史。漢字“剪(jian)”的(de)(de)象形意思就是“刀(dao)前(qian)還有(you)一把刀(dao)”,古(gu)人(ren)將剪(jian)刀(dao)又稱(cheng)“龍(long)刀(dao)”,可(ke)見其在生活中(zhong)的(de)(de)重要性。中(zhong)國(guo)現存早期的(de)(de)剪(jian)刀(dao)距今已有(you)2100多年了。
青州(zhou)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)制(zhi)作工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝復雜(za)。普普通通一(yi)把剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)制(zhi)成就(jiu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)經過3個工(gong)(gong)(gong)段、72道工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)。首(shou)先,從搭配(pei)材料(liao)到制(zhi)成半成品,需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)23道工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu),主要(yao)(yao)(yao)有配(pei)料(liao)、鍛雛形、熟(shu)鋼(gang)、鍛剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)頭、彎葫(hu)蘆、鍛剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)股(gu)、制(zhi)作凹槽、端勁口等。從半成品到做成剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao),要(yao)(yao)(yao)經過41道工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu),主要(yao)(yao)(yao)有搶剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)、銼剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)、淬火、磨(mo)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)、壓光、銼剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)股(gu)、裝(zhuang)配(pei)等。僅(jin)做一(yi)個小墊圈就(jiu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)8道工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu):裁(cai)條(tiao)、沖眼、打毛刺、剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)圓、銼圓、割(ge)花,擺放、烤色(se)。不經烤色(se)割(ge)出來(lai)的(de)(de)花是白色(se)的(de)(de),經過精心烘(hong)烤則變成紅(hong)、黃、藍、紫四色(se),異常美(mei)觀。還有些工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)既復雜(za)又重要(yao)(yao)(yao),如(ru)端勁口、調勁口、淬火、細磨(mo)刃口、調整(zheng)裝(zhuang)配(pei)等,都是保持青州(zhou)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刀(dao)(dao)特點的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)。
現在(zai),青(qing)州剪刀不僅在(zai)國內銷售,還銷往美國、日本、韓國、馬來西(xi)亞等27個(ge)和地區。