汕尾白沙中(zhong)學在田(tian)(tian)(tian)墘(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)鎮田(tian)(tian)(tian)墘(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)圩"紅(hong)(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)"及后(hou)(hou)(hou)面(mian)(mian)天主(zhu)(zhu)教堂。1925年(nian),該(gai)址曾是(shi)(shi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)墘(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)區(qu)農會。1927年(nian)海陸豐蘇(su)維埃政(zheng)(zheng)權時(shi)期(qi)(qi),田(tian)(tian)(tian)墘(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)區(qu)蘇(su)維埃政(zheng)(zheng)府也設此處辦公,把墻(qiang)壁(bi)涂上紅(hong)(hong)(hong)色(se),故(gu)(gu)稱"紅(hong)(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)"。1940年(nian)的(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰爭(zheng)時(shi)期(qi)(qi),國共兩(liang)(liang)(liang)黨(dang)合(he)(he)作(zuo)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri),組(zu)成(cheng)一(yi)支"抗(kang)(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)合(he)(he)作(zuo)軍(jun)"。1940年(nian)至(zhi)(zhi)1942年(nian),抗(kang)(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)合(he)(he)作(zuo)軍(jun)一(yi)個營(ying)的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)隊常駐扎在這(zhe)(zhe)里,部(bu)(bu)隊由該(gai)營(ying)營(ying)長(chang)(chang)朱(zhu)金(jin)(jin)銘帶領。1942年(nian)農歷八月(yue)初(chu)一(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)凌(ling)晨,由于漢(han)奸(jian)告密(mi),駐扎"紅(hong)(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)"的(de)(de)合(he)(he)作(zuo)軍(jun)官兵突遭(zao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)軍(jun)包(bao)圍襲擊(ji)。抗(kang)(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)合(he)(he)作(zuo)軍(jun)奮起抗(kang)(kang)(kang)擊(ji),在突圍中(zhong),營(ying)長(chang)(chang)朱(zhu)金(jin)(jin)銘等81位指揮員中(zhong)彈(dan)犧牲,只(zhi)有(you)(you)部(bu)(bu)分官兵沖(chong)出(chu)重圍,安(an)全轉移(yi)。這(zhe)(zhe)就是(shi)(shi)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰爭(zheng)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)震(zhen)驚東(dong)江地(di)(di)區(qu)的(de)(de)"紅(hong)(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)事件(jian)"。舊址由"紅(hong)(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)"及后(hou)(hou)(hou)面(mian)(mian)天主(zhu)(zhu)教堂二座建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)組(zu)成(cheng)。前面(mian)(mian)是(shi)(shi)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou),坐西(xi)向東(dong),為(wei)中(zhong)西(xi)合(he)(he)璧式(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),占(zhan)(zhan)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)105.84平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。中(zhong)間是(shi)(shi)內院,面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)80.6平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)座占(zhan)(zhan)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)110.88平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。皆為(wei)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)層(ceng)(ceng)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)。左右兩(liang)(liang)(liang)邊是(shi)(shi)廂房,與正座各隔開1.5米(mi)(mi)寬(kuan)的(de)(de)通(tong)道。左廂房通(tong)面(mian)(mian)寬(kuan)15米(mi)(mi),進深6.5米(mi)(mi),占(zhan)(zhan)地(di)(di)92.5平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。右廂房通(tong)面(mian)(mian)寬(kuan)21.1米(mi)(mi),進深6.5米(mi)(mi),占(zhan)(zhan)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)137.15平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。皆為(wei)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)層(ceng)(ceng)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)。正座的(de)(de)左后(hou)(hou)(hou)側還(huan)有(you)(you)一(yi)座兩(liang)(liang)(liang)層(ceng)(ceng)中(zhong)西(xi)合(he)(he)璧式(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),面(mian)(mian)寬(kuan)3間11.2米(mi)(mi),進深7米(mi)(mi),占(zhan)(zhan)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)78.4平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。紅(hong)(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)總占(zhan)(zhan)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)為(wei)659.56平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi),總建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)為(wei)1069.54平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。均為(wei)鋼筋混(hun)(hun)凝土結(jie)構。"紅(hong)(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)"建(jian)(jian)于1919年(nian),原(yuan)是(shi)(shi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)墘(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)知名(ming)人(ren)士游子(zi)(zi)(zi)干先(xian)生(sheng)倡議、籌款建(jian)(jian)造(zao)的(de)(de)田(tian)(tian)(tian)墘(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)學校(xiao)。游子(zi)(zi)(zi)干先(xian)生(sheng),清(qing)宣統年(nian)間補廩生(sheng)出(chu)身,民國初(chu)年(nian)曾任紫金(jin)(jin)縣縣長(chang)(chang),為(wei)政(zheng)(zheng)公正廉(lian)潔。后(hou)(hou)(hou)回田(tian)(tian)(tian)墘(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)故(gu)(gu)里,發現故(gu)(gu)鄉尚無學校(xiao),百(bai)姓子(zi)(zi)(zi)弟(di)無以求學,故(gu)(gu)親自倡議,發動各界人(ren)士捐款辦學建(jian)(jian)校(xiao)。當(dang)時(shi),富有(you)(you)的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)當(dang)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)鹽(yan)場(chang)主(zhu)(zhu),游先(xian)生(sheng)曾發動廣大鹽(yan)工罷工,逼使鹽(yan)場(chang)主(zhu)(zhu)捐出(chu)大量(liang)資金(jin)(jin),遂于1919年(nian)建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)。紅(hong)(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)與后(hou)(hou)(hou)面(mian)(mian)天主(zhu)(zhu)教堂相距只(zhi)3.6米(mi)(mi)。教堂建(jian)(jian)于1916年(nian),坐南向北,面(mian)(mian)寬(kuan)6.8米(mi)(mi),進深17米(mi)(mi),占(zhan)(zhan)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)115.6平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。仿西(xi)式(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),為(wei)鋼筋混(hun)(hun)凝土結(jie)構。至(zhi)(zhi)今該(gai)址墻(qiang)壁(bi)上還(huan)保(bao)留著當(dang)年(nian)合(he)(he)作(zuo)軍(jun)進步官兵書寫的(de)(de)標語(yu)。
說(shuo)起紅(hong)樓(lou),就自然想到五四運動的(de)(de)發源地—北京大學的(de)(de)紅(hong)樓(lou)和北京師范大學的(de)(de)小(xiao)紅(hong)樓(lou),那里住著鼎(ding)鼎(ding)大名(ming)的(de)(de)啟功和已故的(de)(de)鐘(zhong)敬文兩位大師。但還有一處(chu)也叫紅(hong)樓(lou)的(de)(de)地方,那就是位于(yu)汕尾紅(hong)海灣開發區田乾(qian)的(de)(de)紅(hong)樓(lou)。
田(tian)乾這一(yi)紅(hong)樓的(de)出(chu)名(ming)是在(zai)(zai)(zai)1941年9月20日(ri)發生的(de)國民黨(dang)部隊158師472團朱金銘營(ying)長率(lv)部194人(ren)(ren)(ren)進駐于此,并在(zai)(zai)(zai)晚(wan)與駐在(zai)(zai)(zai)汕尾(wei)的(de)前來圍剿的(de)日(ri)軍發生戰斗的(de)地方。由于在(zai)(zai)(zai)日(ri)軍瘋(feng)狂的(de)圍剿下(xia),朱營(ying)長率(lv)部突圍和抵(di)抗。是役犧牲了(le)朱營(ying)長以(yi)下(xia)的(de)官兵81名(ming),被俘42名(ming),陣(zhen)亡戰馬一(yi)匹(pi)。自此,紅(hong)樓便與田(tian)乾人(ren)(ren)(ren)民結下(xia)了(le)深厚感(gan)情。每(mei)當到這一(yi)時間,田(tian)乾人(ren)(ren)(ren)民便會自覺(jue)去憑吊陣(zhen)亡的(de)壯士。
紅樓(lou)的(de)由(you)來(lai)是在(zai)1927年,中(zhong)共海豐縣委(wei)(wei)第七(qi)區委(wei)(wei)員會在(zai)此設立,當時為(wei)了革命的(de)需(xu)要。就將整(zheng)幢占(zhan)地600多平方米的(de)三間二層仿西洋混凝土結構的(de)樓(lou)房外墻,全粉刷為(wei)紅色,喻意著紅色的(de)革命,故人們(men)便(bian)把這幢原為(wei)白(bai)沙中(zhong)學(xue)堂的(de)校舍,改稱為(wei)“紅樓(lou)”。于是,紅樓(lou)之名便(bian)在(zai)田乾人民(min)叫開了。
紅樓不僅是我地下(xia)黨(dang)利用教師身份(fen)從事(shi)地下(xia)活動(dong)(dong)的地方,也是傳播馬克思主義等(deng)先進文化的重要場所。據(ju)史(shi)載(zai),在第一、二(er)次國內革命(ming)戰爭期間,我黨(dang)地下(xia)工作者李勞工、楊小岳、劉錦漢、顏漢章、梁覺(jue)群等(deng)都(dou)在此(ci)從事(shi)過革命(ming)活動(dong)(dong);抗日(ri)戰爭期間,七(qi)區區委書(shu)記林洪(hong)和(he)其(qi)夫人(ren)陳騰英、以及繼任書(shu)記許昌志(zhi)、時任校(xiao)長的李中和(he)進步教師李波、游樹(shu)勛等(deng),都(dou)以此(ci)為掩護下(xia)從事(shi)地下(xia)革命(ming)活動(dong)(dong),并在學校(xiao)教唱(chang)《義勇軍進行曲(qu)》、學習(xi)《論持久戰》、編排(pai)獨(du)幕話(hua)劇《放下(xia)你的鞭子》等(deng)。抗日(ri)勝利后,七(qi)區負責人(ren)余葉和(he)白中教師、地下(xia)黨(dang)員陳高、馬思周等(deng)還(huan)利用讀書(shu)會的形(xing)式(shi),組織(zhi)進步師生學習(xi)《延安整(zheng)風》、彩排(pai)《白毛女》和(he)演唱(chang)革命(ming)歌(ge)曲(qu)《古(gu)城頌(song)(延安頌(song))》。
一(yi)九二八年春(chun),農軍獨立(li)營(ying)(縮編)營(ying)長黃(huang)強率部(bu)與(yu)七區(qu)赤區(qu)隊曾漢英率領(ling)的隊員在(zai)此(ci)會師。并在(zai)墻壁上的寫下“兵(bing)士本(ben)身是(shi)工(gong)農”,“兵(bing)士是(shi)工(gong)農化身”等用(yong)漆油寫成的標(biao)(biao)語。這些標(biao)(biao)語到了改革開放(fang)前,由于墻體受侵(qin)蝕(shi),而(er)逐漸剝落。
在土(tu)地改革(ge)時(shi)期,彭湃的(de)戰友陳(chen)(chen)修、陳(chen)(chen)魁(kui)亞(ya)等(deng)(deng)趁彭湃掌握(wo)海豐縣的(de)教育大權(quan),在白中的(de)教學(xue)中滲進革(ge)命(ming)思想教育,使該校(xiao)培養(yang)了一(yi)大批進步學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng),莊啟錫等(deng)(deng)先后參加了革(ge)命(ming)。并于1925年,楊小岳利用教工會特派員的(de)身份和師生(sheng)(sheng)劉(liu)攬、陳(chen)(chen)榮(rong)棠等(deng)(deng)秘(mi)密建立了地下黨團組織。
紅(hong)(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou),這座(zuo)始建于一(yi)九一(yi)五年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)仿西洋建筑、原是(shi)同(tong)盟會員(yuan)、紫金縣長游子(zi)干發(fa)起(qi)籌建的(de)(de)(de)校舍,想不(bu)(bu)到竟與紅(hong)(hong)(hong)色革(ge)命(ming)結下了深(shen)厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)緣份(fen),并(bing)且培養(yang)出我國核(he)潛艇之父(fu)—黃(huang)旭華,這些都(dou)是(shi)發(fa)起(qi)人(ren)都(dou)始料不(bu)(bu)及的(de)(de)(de)。這座(zuo)在一(yi)九六(liu)五年(nian)被(bei)(bei)海豐縣人(ren)民政(zheng)府頒布為縣級文物保護單(dan)位(wei),在歷往(wang)四(si)十(shi)年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)雨后,又在二OO四(si)年(nian)歲未被(bei)(bei)汕尾市授予愛國主義(yi)教(jiao)育基地.;它并(bing)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)那簡介所說的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)“沿海地區新文化運動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)陣地”和“革(ge)命(ming)圣地—紅(hong)(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)”,這些有桲于紅(hong)(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)之歷史(shi)(shi)(shi)事實,過份(fen)夸大(da)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)(de)作用和所處的(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)(shi)地位(wei),不(bu)(bu)僅僅會誤導著(zhu)后人(ren),也會給(gei)后人(ren)帶來不(bu)(bu)尊(zun)重歷史(shi)(shi)(shi)史(shi)(shi)(shi)實的(de)(de)(de)影響。我相信紅(hong)(hong)(hong)樓(lou)(lou)這一(yi)革(ge)命(ming)事跡將以真實的(de)(de)(de)史(shi)(shi)(shi)實永遠激勵著(zhu)后人(ren)…...