明代(dai)是貴(gui)州開發的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)重要(yao)時(shi)期,興(xing)起(qi)(qi)了數(shu)千(qian)座衛(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和府、州、縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),還建起(qi)(qi)數(shu)以(yi)千(qian)計的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屯堡(bao)(bao)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堡(bao)(bao)聳立在萬(wan)山(shan)叢中,巍然(ran)峨(e)然(ran)。由(you)于軍事防御的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堡(bao)(bao)多建在地(di)(di)勢險(xian)要(yao)、易守難攻(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方,或負山(shan)面水,或夾河而(er)建,講究山(shan)川(chuan)形勝。貴(gui)州喀(ka)斯特(te)地(di)(di)貌發育,石料極(ji)其豐富(fu),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)大(da)(da)都用石頭(tou)構(gou)筑(zhu)(zhu),與(yu)平(ping)原(yuan)、丘陵地(di)(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土筑(zhu)(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、磚筑(zhu)(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)不相同,有(you)鮮明的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)域特(te)征(zheng)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)是一個(ge)龐(pang)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建筑(zhu)(zhu)群(qun),包(bao)括(kuo)高大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墻(qiang)體、城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)、城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樓、串(chuan)樓、垛口、窩鋪,還有(you)月城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、護城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河、水關等。在群(qun)山(shan)中修建眾(zhong)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),需要(yao)開山(shan)鑿石,比其他地(di)(di)方要(yao)艱(jian)難得多。倘若(ruo)把貴(gui)州大(da)(da)大(da)(da)小小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石頭(tou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、石頭(tou)堡(bao)(bao)連接起(qi)(qi)來(lai),工程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)艱(jian)巨(ju),恐怕(pa)不亞(ya)于萬(wan)里長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。隨著時(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推移,在現代(dai)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)浪(lang)潮中,古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、古堡(bao)(bao)大(da)(da)都消失,僥幸保存下來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)已是寥若(ruo)星(xing)辰。而(er)在被譽為“磷都”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)福泉市,至今還保留著一段(duan)別(bie)具一格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang),的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)確(que)難能可貴(gui)。
福泉,古稱平越。這里原是少數民族聚居區,屬于播州宣慰司管轄。洪武十五年(1382年),在此設平越衛,把衛所插入土司地區。萬歷三十九年(1611年)廢除播州楊氏土司,以其地分設遵義、平越二軍民府,平越府與平越衛同城。平越戰略地位重要,控扼湘廣通往貴州、云南的大驛道,將黔東八府與省會及貴州宣慰司連接起來,又可溝通川、黔兩省,故設衛后便建城池。平越衛城坐落在群山環抱之中,“馬鬃嶺扼其喉襟,羊腸河設其險阻”,實為沖要之地。初建時為土城,洪武三十四年(1401年)改筑石城。城周長一千四百丈,折合4666米,城墻高一丈二尺,寬一丈五尺,呈正方形,有東、南、西、北四門,上有城樓4座,串樓1540間,垛口840個。因城內無水,城被圍時,人馬常被渴死。成化年間,平越衛指揮張能認為無水不利于防守,便在城西增設小西門,將城墻延伸至河邊,筑堰引水入城。萬歷三十一年(1603年),總兵安大朝、指揮奚國柱、知府楊右陶等計議,在其外增(zeng)筑一段(duan)城(cheng)(cheng)墻,將河段(duan)包入城(cheng)(cheng)中,形成內城(cheng)(cheng),水城(cheng)(cheng)、外城(cheng)(cheng)的格(ge)局(ju)。在此,平越城(cheng)(cheng)“崇閎雄麗,固若金(jin)湯,為貴東之(zhi)首”。
平越古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),在(zai)上世紀(ji)60年(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)大(da)都拆毀,只剩下(xia)幾座券孔城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)和一些斷(duan)垣殘壁,訴說(shuo)歷史的滄桑(sang)。唯有(you)小西門(men)外(wai),內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)至今猶存(cun)。站在(zai)高山之巔(dian)俯瞰,內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)聳立(li)在(zai)山間平地,水(shui)(shui)(shui)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)筑于山麓河(he)畔,而外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)則跨過河(he)流(liu)(liu)、田(tian)野,里外(wai)三(san)層構成一座甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)依山而筑,蜿(wan)蜒山間,氣勢雄偉,有(you)百級石階可登(deng)上城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭。這(zhe)座城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣最大(da)的特點(dian),就是將河(he)流(liu)(liu)的一段包入城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong),居(ju)民可到水(shui)(shui)(shui)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)汲(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。為防(fang)備發(fa)生戰事(shi)時水(shui)(shui)(shui)源被截(jie)斷(duan),在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)修建了一道長五十五丈的外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)。外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)在(zai)兩處跨過河(he)流(liu)(liu),墻(qiang)建在(zai)兩座三(san)孔石橋(qiao)(qiao)之上,故(gu)被稱為“橋(qiao)(qiao)上城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”。為了讓水(shui)(shui)(shui)能夠流(liu)(liu)動,又便(bian)(bian)于防(fang)守,便(bian)(bian)在(zai)橋(qiao)(qiao)下(xia)設有(you)鐵(tie)柵閘門(men),實為兩座水(shui)(shui)(shui)關。出小西門(men),有(you)道路通往(wang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),因道路要穿過河(he)道,在(zai)路下(xia)建有(you)五個泄水(shui)(shui)(shui)的橋(qiao)(qiao)涵,側邊(bian)建有(you)吱啞作聲(sheng)的水(shui)(shui)(shui)碾,頗有(you)“小橋(qiao)(qiao)流(liu)(liu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)人家(jia)”的風韻。這(zhe)種城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣結構,是古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)軍事(shi)防(fang)御(yu)體(ti)系(xi)的杰作,凝結著中(zhong)國(guo)古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)代(dai)(dai)(dai)科技與建筑藝術(shu),在(zai)國(guo)內其(qi)他地方不曾見過,其(qi)別具一格,令古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)建筑專家(jia)嘆為觀(guan)止。2001年(nian)經國(guo)務院批(pi)準,福泉古(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)被列為全國(guo)重點(dian)文物保護單位。
福(fu)泉古(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)為(wei)貴(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)首創,顯示出貴(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)人民的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智慧(hui)與創造精神。來到(dao)(dao)這(zhe)里(li),可(ke)以感(gan)受(shou)到(dao)(dao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)變遷,平越(yue)古(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)由軍事據點(dian)演變為(wei)地(di)方(fang)行政中心,如(ru)今(jin)變成(cheng)了一(yi)個(ge)(ge)以磷(lin)化(hua)工為(wei)主的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工業城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市。在(zai)福(fu)泉城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內,有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)座稱為(wei)“大(da)夫第”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)(gu)(gu)建(jian)筑,它是一(yi)個(ge)(ge)古(gu)(gu)(gu)老(lao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四合院(yuan),占地(di)400平方(fang)米(mi),現(xian)辟(pi)為(wei)貴(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)古(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)博物館。這(zhe)里(li)陳列著兩百多(duo)(duo)幅照(zhao)片,濃(nong)縮了貴(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)自明(ming)以來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)、古(gu)(gu)(gu)堡(bao)、營(ying)盤(pan)(pan)、碉(diao)樓、戰壕、關(guan)(guan)隘、烽(feng)火(huo)臺(tai)(tai)。貴(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)現(xian)存的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)還有(you)(you)(you)(you)許多(duo)(duo),如(ru)貴(gui)陽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)東門(men)(men)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)和(he)武(wu)勝門(men)(men),明(ming)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真安州(zhou)(zhou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)、赤水古(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)、鎮寧(ning)州(zhou)(zhou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan),鎮遠(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)和(he)衛(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan),還有(you)(you)(you)(you)畢節層(ceng)臺(tai)(tai)衛(wei)(wei)、盤(pan)(pan)縣(xian)普安衛(wei)(wei)、晴(qing)隆安南衛(wei)(wei)等城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)。土(tu)司城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堡(bao),最典型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是遵義海龍屯和(he)大(da)方(fang)“九(jiu)層(ceng)衙(ya)門(men)(men)”遺址(zhi),此外有(you)(you)(you)(you)黃平巖門(men)(men)司城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)德江水特姜司城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。營(ying)盤(pan)(pan)以松桃存留最多(duo)(duo),清(qing)代(dai)在(zai)此設有(you)(you)(you)(you)48個(ge)(ge)營(ying)汛,構筑營(ying)盤(pan)(pan)、屯堡(bao)、炮樓、碉(diao)卡逾千座,形成(cheng)了一(yi)條(tiao)條(tiao)斷斷續(xu)續(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“邊墻(qiang)”,現(xian)存480公里(li),規模較(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)(gu)(gu)堡(bao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)正大(da)營(ying)和(he)盤(pan)(pan)石營(ying)。關(guan)(guan)隘頗多(duo)(duo),著名的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)如(ru)黔(qian)北的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)婁山關(guan)(guan),黔(qian)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圖云關(guan)(guan)、雅關(guan)(guan),晴(qing)隆的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)海馬(ma)關(guan)(guan)等。由此可(ke)窺貴(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)明(ming)清(qing)時期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)風貌,反映貴(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)六百年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滄(cang)桑。
【沈萬三府邸】
該府邸設計元素以江南園林風格為主,穿插平越建筑風格,以沈萬三故事為文化元素建造,是我市的商圣文化交流中心。元(yuan)末明(ming)初,江南巨富(fu)沈萬三因富(fu)獲罪被發(fa)配到云南,期間,其(qi)開拓了云貴(gui)馱馬商(shang)道(dao),創(chuang)辦(ban)茶園(yuan)、汞礦(kuang)、生漆(qi)制造、遠銷(xiao)海內外,他被譽為“中國十四世紀最偉大(da)的(de)理財大(da)師”。
沈萬三義(yi)薄云天的人生(sheng)價值(zhi),先義(yi)后利、大義(yi)大利的商業(ye)理念,堅忍不拔、志存高遠、抱團打拼(pin)等德(de)(de)商文化和(he)德(de)(de)商精(jing)神(shen)……他創(chuang)造的不僅(jin)僅(jin)是一(yi)個個商業(ye)神(shen)話,也是千古(gu)流(liu)傳的德(de)(de)商精(jing)神(shen)!
沈(shen)萬(wan)三(san)是(shi)跟隨(sui)者師(shi)傅張三(san)豐1391年從四(si)川會蜀獻王而來到福(fu)泉(quan)的(de)。在(zai)福(fu)泉(quan)他(ta)虔(qian)心(xin)問道、煉(lian)丹,福(fu)泉(quan)成立富(fu)財神(shen)沈(shen)萬(wan)三(san)最后的(de)人生福(fu)地。
【福泉古城南門】
此處(chu)是福泉五大(da)城樓中最大(da)的一(yi)個門(men)南(nan)門(men),頂上建威武樓,因處(chu)在沙河濕(shi)地公園高處(chu),過去時(shi)常(chang)云(yun)霧繚繞,因此也叫南(nan)天門(men),每年財神爺生日(ri)(ri)及其得到日(ri)(ri),福泉都(dou)會舉(ju)行盛大(da)的慶典(生日(ri)(ri)九月十七、得道(dao)七月二十二),生日(ri)(ri)時(shi)舉(ju)行抬財神盛會,得道(dao)日(ri)(ri)到財神殿(dian)朝拜(bai)。
【太極廣場】
太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)極廣場作則有(you)一株紫(zi)薇,此樹為(wei)(wei)沈萬(wan)三來到平越(yue)后(hou)在居所種下,以期(qi)好運,已有(you)六百(bai)多年歷史。太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)極即是(shi)(shi)闡明宇宙從無(wu)極而太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)極,以至萬(wan)物化生(sheng)的(de)過程。其中(zhong)的(de)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)極即為(wei)(wei)天地未開、混沌未分陰(yin)陽之前的(de)狀態。易經系辭:“是(shi)(shi)故(gu)易有(you)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)極,是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)兩(liang)儀(yi)”。 兩(liang)儀(yi)即為(wei)(wei)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)極的(de)陰(yin)、陽二(er)儀(yi)。
關于(yu)“太(tai)極(ji)”迄今可見(jian)文獻最早出自《莊子(zi)》。太(tai)極(ji)圖(tu)式說(shuo)是《莊子(zi)》“太(tai)極(ji)”思想在(zai)儒、道(dao)兩(liang)家結出的(de)碩果。《易經(jing)》云“易有太(tai)極(ji),始生(sheng)(sheng)兩(liang)儀(yi),兩(liang)儀(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)四象(xiang)(xiang),四象(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)八卦(gua)。乾、坤、震、巽、坎、離、艮gèn、兌duì。象(xiang)(xiang)征天、地、雷、風(feng)、水、火、山、澤八種自然現象(xiang)(xiang),以推測(ce)自然和社(she)會的(de)變化。認為陰、陽兩(liang)種勢力(li)的(de)相互作(zuo)用是產生(sheng)(sheng)萬物的(de)根源,乾、坤兩(liang)卦(gua)則在(zai)“八卦(gua)”中占有特(te)別重要的(de)地位。
太極(ji)(ji)和八卦組(zu)合成(cheng)了太極(ji)(ji)八卦圖,它又為以后的(de)道(dao)教(jiao)所利用。道(dao)家認(ren)為,太極(ji)(ji)八卦意(yi)為神(shen)通廣大,鎮懾(she)邪惡(e)。接下來,讓我們到(dao)三(san)豐(feng)道(dao)場,感(gan)受神(shen)仙之旅(lv)。
【三豐道場 悟道福泉山】
福(fu)泉山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)是元末(mo)明(ming)初(chu)著(zhu)名道家(jia)人物,內家(jia)功(gong)開(kai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鼻祖(zu)張(zhang)三(san)豐(feng)(feng)專屬道場,真(zhen)(zhen)人在此修(xiu)真(zhen)(zhen),1399年(nian)(nian)正月十(shi)(shi)四(si)羽化升仙(xian)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)不(bu)(bu)在高(gao),有仙(xian)則(ze)名。1390年(nian)(nian)張(zhang)信因(yin)(yin)(yin)討(tao)伐甕(weng)安草塘苗民起義有功(gong)接(jie)掌平越衛指(zhi)揮使印,張(zhang)信其(qi)人乃文武(wu)全才,好交朋結友。因(yin)(yin)(yin)見(jian)福(fu)泉山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鐘靈(ling)毓秀,因(yin)(yin)(yin)此張(zhang)信不(bu)(bu)斷打造(zao),以便不(bu)(bu)戰之時休閑娛樂。明(ming)宣德六年(nian)(nian)朝廷(ting)下令由任自垣道長主持編撰了《敕建大(da)岳太和山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)志》記(ji)載大(da)明(ming)朝皇(huang)(huang)帝欲(yu)尋仙(xian)問(wen)藥(yao)、追(zhui)求(qiu)長生不(bu)(bu)老而對三(san)豐(feng)(feng)真(zhen)(zhen)人很感興(xing)趣。1391年(nian)(nian)明(ming)洪武(wu)二十(shi)(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian),太祖(zu)皇(huang)(huang)帝遣(qian)三(san)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)高(gao)道使于(yu)四(si)方,有張(zhang)玄(xuan)玄(xuan)可請(qing)來(lai),最終可四(si)求(qiu)不(bu)(bu)得(de),后武(wu)當山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)修(xiu)建的遇(yu)真(zhen)(zhen)宮就(jiu)是皇(huang)(huang)帝給張(zhang)三(san)豐(feng)(feng)修(xiu)建的,那么他到底(di)去哪里(li)了呢?洪武(wu)二十(shi)(shi)《張(zhang)仙(xian)遺(yi)事(shi)》一書(shu)記(ji)載,張(zhang)真(zhen)(zhen)人1392洪武(wu)二十(shi)(shi)五年(nian)(nian)張(zhang)真(zhen)(zhen)人攜徒沈萬三(san)及家(jia)人自川滇云游至平越,因(yin)(yin)(yin)見(jian)福(fu)泉山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)形奇絕(jue)遂(sui)結廬(lu)修(xiu)真(zhen)(zhen)。
【文廟】
平越文(wen)廟(miao)(miao)是過(guo)去平越府祭祀孔(kong)子的廟(miao)(miao)宇和封建官辦學(xue)堂,因唐玄宗追封孔(kong)子為(wei)(wei)文(wen)宣王,故稱文(wen)廟(miao)(miao)。堂邑文(wen)廟(miao)(miao)座(zuo)北朝南,我(wo)市(shi)平越文(wen)廟(miao)(miao)始建于明(ming)正德元年(公元1505年),我(wo)國歷代對孔(kong)子尊崇(chong)備至,把建文(wen)廟(miao)(miao)作為(wei)(wei)大事。明(ming)洪武(wu)年間(jian)曾下(xia)(xia)令天下(xia)(xia)郡縣(xian)皆建文(wen)廟(miao)(miao)。文(wen)廟(miao)(miao)是我(wo)市(shi)開展中華(hua)傳(chuan)統美德教育、國學(xue)教育學(xue)習的主要場所,平越文(wen)廟(miao)(miao)占地7200平米,為(wei)(wei)木結(jie)構(gou)古建筑群,由照壁、廟(miao)(miao)門(men)(men)、欞星門(men)(men)、大成(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)、大成(cheng)(cheng)殿、齋宿(su)更衣所、名(ming)官鄉賢祠、崇(chong)圣祠等組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。
【水街廣場】
水(shui)(shui)(shui)街廣場(chang)以水(shui)(shui)(shui)為(wei)(wei)設計靈感(gan),在(zai)(zai)道(dao)(dao)(dao)家(jia)學說(shuo)里(li),水(shui)(shui)(shui)為(wei)(wei)至(zhi)善(shan)(shan)至(zhi)柔;水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)綿(mian)綿(mian)密密,微則(ze)(ze)無(wu)聲,巨則(ze)(ze)洶涌;與人無(wu)爭(zheng)(zheng)卻又容(rong)納(na)(na)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)物(wu)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)有滋養(yang)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)德行(xing),它(ta)使(shi)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)物(wu)得到它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)益,而不(bu)與萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)物(wu)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)矛(mao)盾、沖(chong)突(tu),人生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之道(dao)(dao)(dao),莫(mo)過于此。"上善(shan)(shan)若水(shui)(shui)(shui)"最(zui)高(gao)境(jing)(jing)界(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)善(shan)(shan)行(xing),就像水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品性(xing)(xing)一(yi)樣,澤被萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)物(wu)而不(bu)爭(zheng)(zheng)名利(li)(li)。上善(shan)(shan):最(zui)完美(mei);水(shui)(shui)(shui):避高(gao)趨下是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)謙遜,奔流到海(hai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)追求,剛柔相濟是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)能(neng)力,海(hai)納(na)(na)百川(chuan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)大(da)(da)度,滴(di)水(shui)(shui)(shui)穿石是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)毅力,洗(xi)滌(di)污淖是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)奉(feng)獻。逝者如(ru)(ru)斯(si)夫,人生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)猶如(ru)(ru)奔流至(zhi)海(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。樂(le)善(shan)(shan)好施不(bu)圖報,淡泊明(ming)志謙如(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui),而在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)里(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)是(shi)(shi)(shi)喻指與世(shi)無(wu)爭(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圣人。達到盡(jin)(jin)善(shan)(shan)盡(jin)(jin)美(mei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)境(jing)(jing)界(jie),就和(he)圣人差不(bu)多。這(zhe)句話可以理解為(wei)(wei):水(shui)(shui)(shui)有滋養(yang)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)德行(xing),它(ta)使(shi)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)物(wu)得到它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)益,而不(bu)與萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)物(wu)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)矛(mao)盾、沖(chong)突(tu),故(gu)天下最(zui)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)善(shan)(shan)性(xing)(xing)莫(mo)如(ru)(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。在(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)街戲樓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)船木上刻印著道(dao)(dao)(dao)德經的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容(rong),建筑材料上處處有道(dao)(dao)(dao)家(jia)文(wen)化蹤跡,,這(zhe)也將是(shi)(shi)(shi)我們今晚(wan)觀看大(da)(da)型明(ming)代服裝秀《福(fu)泉(quan)往(wang)事》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方。大(da)(da)型實景明(ming)朝服飾情景劇《福(fu)泉(quan)往(wang)事》,以福(fu)泉(quan)明(ming)代歷史文(wen)化為(wei)(wei)主線,以沈(shen)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)三(san)、張(zhang)三(san)豐、張(zhang)信(xin)等歷史名人、平越市井生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活為(wei)(wei)主線,通過舞(wu)蹈、武術、聲光電等展(zhan)示方式,分“溯說(shuo)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)三(san)”“平越聚財”“馬(ma)馱繁榮”“福(fu)人福(fu)地(di)”四個(ge)篇章(zhang),講述了(le)富財神沈(shen)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)三(san)在(zai)(zai)平越二次創(chuang)業,魂歸平越的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)事,展(zhan)示了(le)平越各民族團結(jie)、戍(shu)邊為(wei)(wei)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)諧(xie)景象(xiang)。