地理環境
茅(mao)荊(jing)壩國家森林公(gong)(gong)(gong)園位(wei)于河北省隆化(hua)縣東北部,地處河北省與內蒙古自治區交界(jie)處,屬燕山山脈七老圖嶺(ling)余脈,主(zhu)(zhu)要保(bao)護對象為森林生態系統。主(zhu)(zhu)峰(feng)敖(ao)包山海拔(ba)1852米。茅(mao)荊(jing)壩國家森林公(gong)(gong)(gong)園地處京(jing)(jing)北黃金旅游線(xian)上,距北京(jing)(jing)市240公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,距赤峰(feng)市110公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,距承德(de)避暑山莊(zhuang)80公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,距赤峰(feng)市喀(ka)喇沁旗清(qing)代王(wang)府(fu)博物(wu)館60公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,距隆化(hua)縣城60公(gong)(gong)(gong)里。
茅荊壩(ba)國(guo)家(jia)森(sen)林(lin)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)地理坐標為(wei):東(dong)經(jing)118°06′05″~118°17′19″,北(bei)緯41°28′46″~41°40′40″。公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)東(dong)與(yu)內蒙古黑里河(he)國(guo)家(jia)級自(zi)然保護區(qu)(qu)接壤,東(dong)北(bei)與(yu)內蒙古自(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)喀喇沁旗(qi)旺業甸國(guo)家(jia)森(sen)林(lin)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)鑲嵌,北(bei)與(yu)孟灤林(lin)管局新(xin)豐林(lin)場相(xiang)接,西南與(yu)隆化縣茅荊壩(ba)鄉(xiang)、荒地鄉(xiang)、七家(jia)鎮相(xiang)融,南與(yu)承德縣北(bei)大山石海森(sen)林(lin)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)為(wei)鄰。總經(jing)營(ying)面(mian)積19400公(gong)(gong)頃,其(qi)中風景區(qu)(qu)面(mian)積3745公(gong)(gong)頃。
地形地貌
茅荊壩國家(jia)森林公園所屬(shu)地(di)區隆化縣處在冀北山區,山地(di)古老,近似丘陵,河谷平(ping)川,尤以伊遜河兩(liang)岸河谷較為寬闊。地(di)面平(ping)坦。
氣候特點
茅(mao)荊壩(ba)國家森林公園地域氣候(hou)類型屬于溫(wen)(wen)(wen)帶(dai)半(ban)濕(shi)潤半(ban)干旱(han)大陸性季(ji)風(feng)氣候(hou),具有氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)低(di)、無(wu)霜(shuang)期短、降(jiang)水量(liang)少、四(si)季(ji)分(fen)明及雨熱(re)同(tong)期,寒旱(han)同(tong)季(ji)的特(te)點,年(nian)(nian)平均氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)為5·9℃,≥10℃年(nian)(nian)積(ji)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)為2777℃,無(wu)霜(shuang)期130~160天,年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水量(liang)495毫米左右。土壤類型以(yi)棕(zong)壤、褐土、草甸土為主。
資源情況
生物資源
茅(mao)荊壩國家(jia)森林公(gong)園內有(you)(you)高(gao)等植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)141科(ke)497屬1091種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中:苔蘚植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)3科(ke)69屬143種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)13科(ke)20屬38種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);裸子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)3科(ke)6屬9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);被子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)95科(ke)402屬901種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其中有(you)(you)國家(jia)級野(ye)(ye)生珍稀(xi)瀕(bin)危(wei)、重點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);河北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。分布野(ye)(ye)生脊(ji)椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)27目71科(ke)164屬270種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),占河北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)陸生野(ye)(ye)生脊(ji)椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)總(zong)數的35%以上,其中硬(ying)骨(gu)魚綱(gang)19種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);兩棲綱(gang)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);爬行綱(gang)16種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);鳥綱(gang)197種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);哺乳綱(gang)34種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。國家(jia)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的有(you)(you)重要(yao)經(jing)濟研究價值的野(ye)(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)(wu)178種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),主要(yao)有(you)(you)狍子、狐貍、獾、松鼠、雉雞、雀鷹、金雕(diao)及(ji)眾多(duo)小型鳥類。
地熱資源
茅荊壩(ba)國家(jia)森(sen)林(lin)公園地熱資(zi)源豐富,溫(wen)泉水含有(you)偏硅酸、硼、鍶等數十(shi)種對人體有(you)益的(de)微量元素,具(ju)有(you)消炎(yan)散瘀防治風濕關節炎(yan)的(de)功效。
主要景點
敖包山(shan)山(shan)旅游度(du)假區該景(jing)區是公園的中心景(jing)區,占地面積1429公頃。景(jing)區以自然山(shan)水(shui)景(jing)觀為主,山(shan)勢(shi)雄偉壯觀,奇(qi)峰異石林立。
武烈河源
茅荊壩森林(lin)公園是(shi)承(cheng)德市母(mu)親河——武烈河的(de)源(yuan)頭(tou)。2000多年前(qian),北魏地理(li)學家酈(li)道元在他的(de)《水經注》中(zhong)所記述的(de)“三藏水”中(zhong)的(de)西(xi)藏水(鸚(ying)鵡河)和中(zhong)藏水(茅溝河)就是(shi)從(cong)該地發源(yuan)的(de)。
仙客松
在(zai)茅荊壩(ba)森林公園山門外約1公里處的山坡上(shang),有(you)三棵高大的松(song)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。靠東一(yi)棵樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)高20米(mi)(mi)(mi),樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)圍(wei)2.06米(mi)(mi)(mi);西(xi)邊(bian)一(yi)棵樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)高23米(mi)(mi)(mi),樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)圍(wei)1.6米(mi)(mi)(mi);北(bei)邊(bian)一(yi)棵樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)高23米(mi)(mi)(mi),樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)圍(wei)1.6米(mi)(mi)(mi);東西(xi)兩(liang)(liang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)間距為(wei)6米(mi)(mi)(mi),東北(bei)兩(liang)(liang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)間距為(wei)6.5米(mi)(mi)(mi),西(xi)北(bei)兩(liang)(liang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)間距為(wei)3米(mi)(mi)(mi),近直角三角形狀分布。
默沁嶺旅游、科研景區
該景(jing)區位于公(gong)園中部,占地面積994公(gong)頃,景(jing)區以森林(lin)景(jing)觀為主,森林(lin)旅游賞景(jing)、野營、野餐、科研為本景(jing)區主要功能。
壩梁旅游觀光景區
該(gai)景區位(wei)于公園中部,占地面積1322公頃,以自(zi)然景觀(guan)為主,山高谷(gu)底、溝壑縱橫,植被繁茂,通(tong)向內(nei)蒙古(gu)的(de)盤山公路從景區通(tong)過。
溫泉休閑療養景區
該(gai)景(jing)(jing)區位于公園景(jing)(jing)區面(mian)積之外,占地(di)面(mian)積8公頃建有森林(lin)公園接待中心和溫泉渡假村。景(jing)(jing)區服(fu)務(wu)為洗浴、游泳、療養等。
平頂山景區
形成于第四(si)紀(ji)冰川(chuan)的(de)平項(xiang)山石海(hai)風景區在公(gong)園西部(bu),由(you)數已萬(wan)計大小(xiao)不一的(de)巨(ju)(ju)石組成,高(gao)低錯落,層(ceng)層(ceng)疊(die)疊(die)石塊(kuai)猶如波(bo)瀾(lan)壯闊的(de)大海(hai),氣勢磅礴(bo),形成各異(yi)的(de)巨(ju)(ju)石常常令人生發孩童般的(de)遐(xia)想,該景區以石海(hai)景觀為主(zhu)要特色(se),具(ju)有徒步野營(ying)、野餐等功能。
開發建設
榮譽
茅荊壩國家森林公(gong)園始建于1998年,2002年11月(yue)(yue)被(bei)河北省旅(lv)(lv)游(you)局批準為AA級(ji)國家旅(lv)(lv)游(you)景區(點);2004年12月(yue)(yue)晉升為國家森林公(gong)園;2007年被(bei)河北省林業局命名為三(san)星級(ji)森林公(gong)園。承德市文(wen)明(ming)單(dan)位和承德市文(wen)明(ming)優質服務――示(shi)范窗口單(dan)位。河北省旅(lv)(lv)游(you)質量信(xin)(xin)得過單(dan)位,承德市誠信(xin)(xin)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)景區。
交通和線路
公交車:承德火車站至旺業甸6.30分發車,途經(jing)森林公園。徒(tu)步1.5公里方(fang)可到達(da)森林公園山門。
京(jing)承高速——雙(shuang)峰寺出(chu)口下高速左轉(zhuan)8公里——到隆化縣境(jing)內——沿著承赤(chi)公路到達景區(qu)。
線路
膺首山——仙(xian)客松——山門——瀑(pu)布(bu)——觀光車(che)停車(che)場——楓樹坡——武(wu)烈河源(yuan)——木棧道(dao)——千(qian)畝(mu)大草甸——敖包山
歷史人文
茅(mao)荊壩國家(jia)森(sen)林(lin)公園自(zi)然天成。毛(mao)靜把國家(jia)森(sen)林(lin)公園曾經是(shi)清代皇家(jia)獵苑的(de)(de)(de)重要組(zu)成部(bu)分,在清朝(chao)108圍(wei)(wei)中,木(mu)蘭圍(wei)(wei)場72圍(wei)(wei),稱為西圍(wei)(wei),其它36圍(wei)(wei)就發(fa)生在茅(mao)荊壩地區,稱為東圍(wei)(wei)。金代在承德地區爆發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)著名“陷泉(quan)”大戰(zhan)就發(fa)生在這里。這里還(huan)是(shi)蒙古(gu)喀喇沁王進京朝(chao)圣的(de)(de)(de)必(bi)經之路。扭秧歌、祭敖包等滿蒙民(min)俗流傳至今。敖包山、韭菜樓(lou)、將軍石、永溢泉(quan)、掛(gua)牌樹(shu)、旗桿溝、黑熊谷等傳說一代一代的(de)(de)(de)流傳,這里到處都是(shi)斑斑的(de)(de)(de)史跡和美麗的(de)(de)(de)傳奇(qi)故事。
金蟾拜佛
在(zai)(zai)東山(shan)上,三(san)座山(shan)脊(ji)相連(lian)。最北一(yi)(yi)(yi)座猶如一(yi)(yi)(yi)巨佛(fo)背靠山(shan)脊(ji),盤(pan)膝(xi)打(da)坐,挺(ting)胸昂頭,眉若(ruo)彎(wan)月(yue),恰(qia)似入定的(de)(de)高僧(seng)。正中的(de)(de)山(shan)脊(ji)上,一(yi)(yi)(yi)只“巨蟾(chan)”與高僧(seng)迎面(mian)跪(gui)立,口(kou)中似有訴不盡的(de)(de)苦(ku)處(chu)而最南方的(de)(de)山(shan)脊(ji)是(shi)似一(yi)(yi)(yi)條筆直的(de)(de)“小龍”,前足抬起(qi),后足和龍尾著(zhu)(zhu)地,似乎也在(zai)(zai)向高僧(seng)訴說著(zhu)(zhu)什么(me)。由大佛(fo)、巨蟾(chan)、小龍構成了這(zhe)奇特的(de)(de)景(jing)觀(guan)金蟾(chan)拜佛(fo),這(zhe)里面(mian)還有一(yi)(yi)(yi)段動人的(de)(de)傳說。
相傳(chuan),永溢泉是直通西(xi)海的(de)一(yi)(yi)個出海口,由西(xi)海龍王(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)十(shi)三太子冰龍鎮守。冰龍天(tian)生慈(ci)善,施云布雨,使得周邊的(de)百(bai)姓安居樂業,五谷豐登。老百(bai)姓在山上修建(jian)了龍王(wang)(wang)(wang)廟,一(yi)(yi)年四季,來廟進(jin)香的(de)人(ren)絡繹(yi)不(bu)絕,龍王(wang)(wang)(wang)得知,很是高興(xing)。而龍王(wang)(wang)(wang)座下有一(yi)(yi)得力的(de)大將(jiang)(jiang),是一(yi)(yi)個修行五百(bai)年的(de)蛤蟆,因其妹嫁給龍王(wang)(wang)(wang)為妃,策封為國(guo)舅,賜金(jin)(jin)袍一(yi)(yi)件,故又稱金(jin)(jin)蟾大將(jiang)(jiang)軍。
祭天祀地敖包山
茅(mao)荊壩國家森林公園有一(yi)(yi)座海拔1852.9米的主峰(feng)叫敖(ao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)山,山頂一(yi)(yi)片大(da)面積的草甸子上(shang)有世(shi)人(ren)壘成的敖(ao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)。這敖(ao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)還有一(yi)(yi)個傳說呢。 敖(ao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)蒙古族傳統的用(yong)石頭或土等堆起來(lai)的路(lu)標(biao)和界標(biao),是(shi)用(yong)來(lai)祭(ji)祀神靈的。蒙古人(ren)認為,敖(ao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)神靈所居和享受祭(ji)祀的地方。敖(ao)包(bao)(bao)(bao)神是(shi)保護神。 話說老(lao)早老(lao)早以前,茅(mao)荊壩梁東(dong)梁西(xi)連年大(da)旱,草原寸草不(bu)生,山嶺樹木干(gan)枯,百姓掙扎(zha)在水深(shen)火(huo)熱(re)之中。
這事被東(dong)海(hai)龍王(wang)的(de)愛女英(ying)姑(gu)知道(dao)了(le)(le)。那(nei)年(nian)七(qi)月(yue)初(chu)一,英(ying)姑(gu)乘父王(wang)酒(jiu)醉酣睡之機,化(hua)作一只(zhi)鸚鵡(wu),叼上(shang)一只(zhi)銀白色的(de)水(shui)葫(hu)(hu)蘆飛到(dao)了(le)(le)茅荊(jing)壩梁(liang)上(shang)。當時(shi)(shi),許多人(ren)(ren)正在石頭壘(lei)成的(de)敖包前祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si),乞求風調(diao)雨順(shun)。英(ying)姑(gu)悄悄鉆進敖包中間,打開水(shui)葫(hu)(hu)蘆倒了(le)(le)兩倒,然后又(you)叼起(qi)水(shui)葫(hu)(hu)蘆一路(lu)灑著飛回(hui)東(dong)海(hai)。祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)的(de)人(ren)(ren)喊道(dao):“鸚鵡(wu)”“錫箔”,隨后,茅荊(jing)壩梁(liang)西梁(liang)東(dong)冒出兩條河(he)(he)流來,西邊的(de)那(nei)條百姓(xing)叫(jiao)它鸚鵡(wu)河(he)(he),東(dong)邊的(de)那(nei)條百姓(xing)叫(jiao)它錫伯河(he)(he)。緊接著,喜雨普天而降。祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)敖包的(de)蒙古族(zu)人(ren)(ren)極為(wei)感動(dong)。從那(nei),每年(nian)七(qi)月(yue)初(chu)一到(dao)初(chu)三祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)敖包便成了(le)(le)傳(chuan)統,特別(bie)是(shi)到(dao)了(le)(le)清朝鼎盛時(shi)(shi)期的(de)喀喇沁(qin)王(wang)府,祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)活(huo)動(dong)更(geng)加強(qiang)烈(lie)。他(ta)們除(chu)了(le)(le)在王(wang)府前的(de)廣場上(shang)一字筑成十三座石壇,進行念(nian)祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)經、上(shang)香、供(gong)奉奶酪(lao)、水(shui)酒(jiu)、干鮮(xian)果(guo)品和宰殺五頭豬、五只(zhi)羊、兩頭牛等供(gong)品的(de)大(da)型(xing)活(huo)動(dong)之外,還(huan)由王(wang)爺牽頭或委派專人(ren)(ren)到(dao)茅荊(jing)壩梁(liang)上(shang)祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)敖包。
據說清朝皇帝康熙(xi)在探(tan)視他下嫁給喀喇沁(qin)郡(jun)王(wang)札什的(de)二兒子噶爾藏的(de)五女(nv)兒和碩端靜公主時,曾隨親家一(yi)(yi)行到茅(mao)(mao)荊壩梁上祭祀過敖(ao)(ao)包(bao)。當(dang)時,那個大草甸子叫(jiao)茅(mao)(mao)荊壩平(ping)臺。康熙(xi)對札什郡(jun)王(wang)等人(ren)說道:“叫(jiao)茅(mao)(mao)荊壩平(ping)臺冗(rong)長繞嘴(zui),不好(hao)。敖(ao)(ao)包(bao)在此,就(jiu)叫(jiao)它敖(ao)(ao)包(bao)山多好(hao)”眾(zhong)人(ren)點頭稱(cheng)是。從那,敖(ao)(ao)包(bao)山便一(yi)(yi)直(zhi)叫(jiao)到如今。有人(ren)作詩(shi)曰(yue):“京北敖(ao)(ao)包(bao)第一(yi)(yi)峰(feng),祭祀自(zi)得(de)樂(le)升平(ping)。”為此,每年都有各界(jie)人(ren)士到敖(ao)(ao)包(bao)山上許(xu)愿祈福(fu),觀賞美景(jing)。
鷹首山
茅荊壩國家森(sen)林公園的(de)(de)(de)入口(kou)處(chu)(chu),巍然聳(song)(song)立(li)著一處(chu)(chu)陡(dou)峭(qiao)的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)崖,它上(shang)面(mian)處(chu)(chu)處(chu)(chu)巖面(mian)如(ru)刀切(qie)一般,頂峰(feng)高(gao)高(gao)聳(song)(song)立(li),如(ru)鷹(ying)噱,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)背呈坡狀,坡度(du)陡(dou)峭(qiao),山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)怪(guai)石嶙峋,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)松扎根于崖壁間,自(zi)遠(yuan)處(chu)(chu)看如(ru)鷹(ying)頭(tou)在(zai)高(gao)高(gao)聳(song)(song)立(li)。附近(jin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巒中(zhong),只(zhi)有它凸現于游者面(mian)前,孤(gu)立(li)著,與遠(yuan)處(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巒遙相呼應(ying),當地人都叫它大鷹(ying)首(shou)(shou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),也被稱為大孤(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。對面(mian)還(huan)有一座小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)兀立(li)在(zai)道的(de)(de)(de)右(you)側(ce),叫做小(xiao)鷹(ying)首(shou)(shou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),也叫小(xiao)孤(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),附近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)村(cun)(cun)子(zi)稱為孤(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)村(cun)(cun)。
大小鷹首山凸立于(yu)去(qu)往茅荊壩森(sen)林(lin)公(gong)園(yuan)的(de)入口處,如兩(liang)個(ge)衛士(shi)守在進村公(gong)路兩(liang)旁,仿(fang)佛在保佑著孤(gu)山村村民(min)的(de)平(ping)安(an)。關于(yu)鷹首山,有著一個(ge)美麗的(de)傳說(shuo)。
相傳,以前的(de)鷹首山(shan)也是(shi)與整座山(shan)脈連(lian)在(zai)一起的(de)。它上面古木參天,群鳥鳴(ming)叫,處(chu)處(chu)顯(xian)示著幽靜和神秘(mi)的(de)色彩。當地百(bai)姓(xing)居住在(zai)山(shan)下(xia),耕(geng)種畜養,閑暇(xia)時(shi)上山(shan)刨(bao)藥砍柴,也是(shi)自得其樂。
一(yi)(yi)(yi)年的(de)(de)(de)(de)七月初一(yi)(yi)(yi),忽(hu)然電閃雷(lei)鳴,大(da)雨瓢潑而(er)至(zhi),整個孤(gu)山(shan)(shan)村(cun)籠罩(zhao)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)片雨霧中,山(shan)(shan)洪暴(bao)發,沖走了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)座座房(fang)屋(wu),雞(ji)鴨牛羊也被洪水沖走,一(yi)(yi)(yi)場災(zai)難降(jiang)臨(lin)了(le)(le)。孤(gu)山(shan)(shan)村(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)百姓(xing)叫天(tian)(tian)天(tian)(tian)不應,呼(hu)地(di)地(di)不靈(ling),只是無奈地(di)上山(shan)(shan)等(deng)待著(zhu),大(da)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)叫嚷聲、孩子的(de)(de)(de)(de)哭聲、老(lao)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)啜泣聲混雜(za)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)起(qi),實在(zai)是悲慘之至(zhi)。突然,在(zai)百姓(xing)逃生的(de)(de)(de)(de)孤(gu)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)東方(fang),出現(xian)了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)道(dao)銀(yin)光,射向(xiang)了(le)(le)災(zai)難中的(de)(de)(de)(de)孤(gu)山(shan)(shan)村(cun),只見(jian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)道(dao)道(dao)銀(yin)光如銀(yin)龍(long)(long)般(ban)上下舞動(dong),在(zai)銀(yin)光的(de)(de)(de)(de)外圍紅(hong)光也在(zai)躍動(dong),立刻大(da)雨停止(zhi)了(le)(le),洪水消(xiao)退了(le)(le),艷陽重新掛上了(le)(le)天(tian)(tian)空(kong),東方(fang)出現(xian)了(le)(le)彩(cai)虹,在(zai)彩(cai)虹的(de)(de)(de)(de)光環里(li),一(yi)(yi)(yi)條銀(yin)龍(long)(long)蜿蜓在(zai)那里(li),它正伸頸(jing)吞(tun)吐,仿佛在(zai)吸納洪水,消(xiao)除災(zai)難,孤(gu)山(shan)(shan)村(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)村(cun)民全(quan)都向(xiang)著(zhu)東方(fang)跪拜祭祀,祈禱(dao)祝(zhu)福,感(gan)謝銀(yin)龍(long)(long)施恩。
鯉魚跳龍門
久以前(qian),山環水抱(bao)、碧波蕩漾的(de)(de)(de)康乾湖,映(ying)襯(chen)著藍天(tian)白(bai)云,林海(hai)如(ru)畫(hua),蝶舞鳥鳴,一(yi)派生機盎然的(de)(de)(de)景象。天(tian)意溝(gou)的(de)(de)(de)村民每天(tian)上山砍(kan)(kan)柴(chai)(chai)下(xia)河(he)摸魚,安居樂(le)業其樂(le)融(rong)(rong)融(rong)(rong)。有一(yi)年,不(bu)知(zhi)從(cong)哪兒(er)飛(fei)來(lai)一(yi)條黑色的(de)(de)(de)大龍,作惡(e)多端,荼毒生靈。自從(cong)它來(lai)到(dao)天(tian)意溝(gou),百姓(xing)們(men)不(bu)再(zai)上山砍(kan)(kan)柴(chai)(chai),更(geng)甭說(shuo)下(xia)河(he)摸魚了,
每(mei)天(tian)(tian)足不(bu)出戶,太(tai)陽落山就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)馬上(shang)緊閉(bi)門戶,日子是(shi)一(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)不(bu)如(ru)一(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)。這條黑龍不(bu)是(shi)呼風喚雨破(po)壞(huai)莊稼,就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)吞(tun)云(yun)吐霧殘(can)害(hai)(hai)生靈,把整個村(cun)莊搞得烏煙瘴(zhang)氣,不(bu)得安寧,并且每(mei)年(nian)七月初三敖(ao)包(bao)山祭祀時(shi),都要先到這里(li)給它獻(xian)禮,強(qiang)迫村(cun)民獻(xian)上(shang)一(yi)(yi)對(dui)童男玉女、五十(shi)頭大(da)黃牛、一(yi)(yi)百頭豬、一(yi)(yi)百頭羊,以及(ji)各種豐美水果供它享用(yong),如(ru)若不(bu)然,它就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)發怒作惡,張開血(xue)盆大(da)口,竄進村(cun)莊吞(tun)噬人畜,破(po)壞(huai)田(tian)園,害(hai)(hai)得天(tian)(tian)意溝(gou)百姓(xing)怨聲載道,叫苦連(lian)天(tian)(tian)。百姓(xing)們的愁(chou)苦深深印在(zai)了村(cun)里(li)美麗、善良、勤勞的靈姑心(xin)(xin)里(li),她(ta)(ta)下(xia)決心(xin)(xin)非除(chu)掉(diao)惡龍不(bu)可(ke)。她(ta)(ta)多次(ci)來到仙杠山對(dui)面(mian)的“千(qian)(qian)緣”向神(shen)龜(gui)求救,可(ke)是(shi)總沒(mei)遇(yu)見(jian)神(shen)龜(gui),她(ta)(ta)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)每(mei)天(tian)(tian)坐在(zai)那等,心(xin)(xin)中(zhong)默念,請(qing)求神(shen)龜(gui)現身。這天(tian)(tian)清(qing)晨(chen)她(ta)(ta)又來到“千(qian)(qian)緣”,神(shen)龜(gui)被她(ta)(ta)的精誠所感動,就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)出現在(zai)她(ta)(ta)眼前,神(shen)龜(gui)告訴她(ta)(ta)說:“離這千(qian)(qian)里(li)之外(wai)有個鯉魚(yu)洞(dong),你(ni)可(ke)前去會見(jian)一(yi)(yi)位鯉魚(yu)仙子,她(ta)(ta)定(ding)能相助于你(ni)。”說完,神(shen)龜(gui)又不(bu)見(jian)了。
靈(ling)(ling)姑跋山涉水,風餐露宿,歷盡千(qian)辛萬苦來(lai)到鯉(li)魚洞中(zhong),找到鯉(li)魚仙(xian)子,說(shuo)明(ming)來(lai)意。鯉(li)魚仙(xian)子對靈(ling)(ling)姑說(shuo):“你想為(wei)民除(chu)(chu)害,這(zhe)是件大(da)好事,可是必(bi)須犧牲你自(zi)己啊,你愿意嗎(ma)?”靈(ling)(ling)姑毫不(bu)猶豫地(di)說(shuo):“只(zhi)要能(neng)為(wei)鄉親們除(chu)(chu)害,消滅那黑(hei)龍,就是上刀(dao)山、下火海粉身碎骨我(wo)也不(bu)怕(pa),我(wo)的生(sheng)命(ming)不(bu)足惜!”鯉(li)魚仙(xian)子見(jian)靈(ling)(ling)姑這(zhe)樣堅(jian)決,十分滿意地(di)點了(le)點頭,朝靈(ling)(ling)姑噴了(le)三口泉(quan)水,她頓時(shi)變成了(le)一條美麗剛(gang)勁的紅鯉(li)魚。
小紅(hong)鯉魚逆河而上,經(jing)過(guo)九(jiu)(jiu)九(jiu)(jiu)八十一(yi)天(tian)游(you)回了(le)家鄉(xiang),這天(tian)正(zheng)是(shi)(shi)七月初三清晨,她(ta)搖身(shen)(shen)一(yi)變,還回本來(lai)清秀面貌。只見(jian)鄉(xiang)親們(men)準備就緒,一(yi)對童(tong)男玉(yu)女(nv)、五十頭(tou)黃牛、一(yi)百頭(tou)豬、一(yi)百頭(tou)羊、鮮美(mei)果品……人們(men)敲鑼打鼓、傷(shang)痛欲絕(jue)宛如一(yi)條長龍向天(tian)意溝里(li)走去,前面那一(yi)對身(shen)(shen)著紅(hong)衣紅(hong)裙的(de)(de)(de)童(tong)男玉(yu)女(nv)更是(shi)(shi)淚(lei)人一(yi)般,他(ta)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)父母(mu)早已(yi)哭倒在(zai)路旁(pang),好(hao)心的(de)(de)(de)鄉(xiang)親正(zheng)在(zai)勸(quan)慰。哎!不知(zhi)哪天(tian)災難又要降(jiang)臨在(zai)自己孩子的(de)(de)(de)身(shen)(shen)上,可惡(e)的(de)(de)(de)黑(hei)龍
黑(hei)龍見百(bai)姓送到盛(sheng)餐(can)佳(jia)肴,早已(yi)垂(chui)涎(xian)三尺,得意地(di)(di)張開大口(kou),就在(zai)這千鈞一發之時,靈姑搶上前去(qu)(qu),攔住父老(lao)鄉親(qin)們說道:“大家在(zai)此等候,讓我(wo)去(qu)(qu)收拾這個惡(e)龍。”沒等鄉親(qin)們回過神,靈姑已(yi)縱身跳入水中(zhong),頓時,一條大紅鯉魚騰空飛躍,直朝(chao)惡(e)龍口(kou)中(zhong)沖去(qu)(qu),一下(xia)竄進(jin)它的肚(du)中(zhong),東刺西戳(chuo),把惡(e)龍的五臟六(liu)腑搗得稀(xi)爛。惡(e)龍拼命掙扎、翻(fan)滾(gun),松林呼嘯,烏云密布,漸漸地(di)(di)惡(e)龍不再翻(fan)滾(gun),倒在(zai)血泊中(zhong)。
全村父老鄉(xiang)親(qin)把惡龍拖上(shang)岸,剖開龍腹,這時只見康乾湖(hu)逐(zhu)漸下沉(chen),湖(hu)底山(shan)(shan)(shan)石(shi)逐(zhu)漸上(shang)升,也就(jiu)形成了今天(tian)(tian)我(wo)們(men)看到的(de)石(shi)海,宛若一(yi)只雄(xiong)雞(ji),屹立在(zai)(zai)崇(chong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)峻嶺中(zhong)。春天(tian)(tian)群(qun)芳(fang)吐艷,它(ta)就(jiu)像(xiang)眾芳(fang)里(li)的(de)花蕊(rui);夏(xia)季萬(wan)木(mu)蔥蘢(long),它(ta)就(jiu)像(xiang)嵌在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)央的(de)寶石(shi);秋季萬(wan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)紅遍,它(ta)就(jiu)像(xiang)刻在(zai)(zai)流丹(dan)上(shang)的(de)珠鉆;深(shen)冬銀裝素(su)裹(guo),它(ta)就(jiu)像(xiang)冰洋(yang)里(li)的(de)烈焰(yan)。站在(zai)(zai)石(shi)海腳(jiao)下,徘徊在(zai)(zai)仙杠山(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao),仰望(wang)石(shi)海,在(zai)(zai)雞(ji)脖子(zi)位置(zhi)處,高(gao)高(gao)突起一(yi)塊巨石(shi),昂首挺立,雙眼迸鼓,尾鰭高(gao)翹,這就(jiu)是我(wo)們(men)聰慧善(shan)良(liang)的(de)靈姑,她正在(zai)(zai)深(shen)情地(di)望(wang)著天(tian)(tian)意溝的(de)鄉(xiang)親(qin)們(men),默默地(di)祝(zhu)福著鄉(xiang)親(qin)們(men)從(cong)此安居樂業,美滿幸福。
松濤陣陣,在贊頌靈(ling)姑的(de)勇敢(gan);百(bai)鳥啾啾,在歌唱靈(ling)姑的(de)聰(cong)慧(hui);溪流潺(chan)潺(chan),在欽佩靈(ling)姑的(de)執著(zhu)……是靈(ling)姑的(de)勇敢(gan)換來了(le)(le)村民的(de)安康,使他們享受著(zhu)人間的(de)歡樂(le);是靈(ling)姑的(de)聰(cong)慧(hui)造就了(le)(le)這奇異壯(zhuang)觀的(de)景致,讓(rang)無(wu)數(shu)游客心馳神往;是靈(ling)姑的(de)執著(zhu)牽動了(le)(le)無(wu)數(shu)人的(de)心,令(ling)他們為之傾吐(tu)真情(qing)。
在石海的(de)(de)上方赫(he)然挺立的(de)(de)就是靈姑的(de)(de)化身(shen),我們(men)的(de)(de)祖先把它形象地稱之為(wei)“鯉(li)(li)魚(yu)”。相傳,石海邊(bian)上有(you)一扇門,因為(wei)有(you)了(le)這“鯉(li)(li)魚(yu)”,也就有(you)了(le)“鯉(li)(li)魚(yu)跳龍門”的(de)(de)美(mei)麗傳說。據說,鯉(li)(li)魚(yu)都要穿過龍門進入(ru)石海自(zi)由游,疲(pi)倦了(le)便躍上海岸。有(you)了(le)“鯉(li)(li)魚(yu)”的(de)(de)每(mei)天巡邏視(shi)察,石海一帶一直是風(feng)平(ping)(ping)浪(lang)靜,風(feng)調(diao)雨順,百(bai)姓們(men)的(de)(de)日子(zi)更(geng)加紅火(huo)、幸福。石海因為(wei)有(you)了(le)這段神奇美(mei)麗的(de)(de)故(gu)事,有(you)了(le)這條“鯉(li)(li)魚(yu)”,更(geng)平(ping)(ping)添了(le)許多色(se)彩。
茅荊壩國家級自然保護區
河北茅荊(jing)壩國(guo)(guo)家級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區位于河(he)北省承德市隆化縣境內,2002年5月經河(he)北省政府批準建(jian)立省級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區,2008年1月14日經國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院辦公(gong)廳批準晉升為國(guo)(guo)家級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區地理坐標為東經117°08′21"~118°13′06",北緯41°29′57"~41°47′53"。面積40038公(gong)頃(qing),分為兩(liang)片,其(qi)中茅荊(jing)壩片面積28894公(gong)頃(qing),堿房片面積11144公(gong)頃(qing)。
茅荊壩(ba)(ba)國家級自然保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)總面(mian)積(ji)(ji)40038公頃,其中核心區(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)13630公頃,緩沖區(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)9552公頃,實驗(yan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)16856公頃。保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)位于河(he)北(bei)(bei)省隆(long)(long)化(hua)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)境內(nei),由(you)茅荊壩(ba)(ba)片(pian)(pian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)和堿(jian)房(fang)片(pian)(pian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)組成。茅荊壩(ba)(ba)片(pian)(pian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)范圍在(zai)東(dong)經117°50′46″—118°13′06″,北(bei)(bei)緯41°29′57″—41°40′36″之間(jian)。東(dong)以與(yu)內(nei)蒙古交界(jie)的敖包山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)北(bei)(bei)側(ce)為起(qi)點(dian),沿(yan)(yan)省界(jie)經1645米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、1501米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、1289米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng),與(yu)內(nei)蒙古赤(chi)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)市喀喇沁旗的旺業甸(dian)林區(qu)(qu)(qu)相(xiang)接;南(nan)(nan)(nan)從茅荊壩(ba)(ba)鄉(xiang)(xiang)壩(ba)(ba)底村1200米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)沿(yan)(yan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)茅溝(gou)(gou)河(he),沿(yan)(yan)河(he)西(xi)(xi)岸向(xiang)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)團飄西(xi)(xi)溝(gou)(gou)804米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng),經荒地鄉(xiang)(xiang)石虎溝(gou)(gou)、湖汰(tai)溝(gou)(gou)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)偏坡營鄉(xiang)(xiang)紅石砬(la)溝(gou)(gou);西(xi)(xi)沿(yan)(yan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)向(xiang)西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)1017米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng),向(xiang)北(bei)(bei)經南(nan)(nan)(nan)黑溝(gou)(gou)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臥虎溝(gou)(gou),經山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)1386米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng);北(bei)(bei)沿(yan)(yan)梁脊(ji)(ji)向(xiang)東(dong)北(bei)(bei)經1206米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)起(qi)向(xiang)東(dong)經1145米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng),再向(xiang)東(dong)偏南(nan)(nan)(nan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)1259米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)圍場(chang)(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)界(jie),沿(yan)(yan)圍場(chang)(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)界(jie)經1306米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、敖包山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)1853米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)1806米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)止。堿(jian)房(fang)片(pian)(pian)區(qu)(qu)(qu)范圍在(zai)東(dong)經117°08′21″—117°15′55″,北(bei)(bei)緯41°36′06″—41°47′53″之間(jian),東(dong)從圍場(chang)(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)界(jie)碑梁起(qi),沿(yan)(yan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)經1448米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、1321米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng),再向(xiang)南(nan)(nan)(nan)經南(nan)(nan)(nan)小房(fang)頭(tou)道(dao)溝(gou)(gou)、馬道(dao)三道(dao)溝(gou)(gou)、經邊(bian)梁至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)榛(zhen)柴溝(gou)(gou)門、程子(zi)溝(gou)(gou)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)1508米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng),與(yu)韓(han)家店鄉(xiang)(xiang)相(xiang)接;南(nan)(nan)(nan)從千松溝(gou)(gou)沿(yan)(yan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian),經1502米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、1436米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、1011米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)為南(nan)(nan)(nan)界(jie);西(xi)(xi)從1121米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)沿(yan)(yan)羊(yang)鹿溝(gou)(gou)北(bei)(bei)側(ce)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)根至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大楊(yang)樹溝(gou)(gou)北(bei)(bei)溝(gou)(gou)積(ji)(ji)水線(xian)(xian)(xian),至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)隆(long)(long)化(hua)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)圍場(chang)(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)交接為西(xi)(xi)界(jie);北(bei)(bei)從縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)界(jie)交界(jie)處1600米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)起(qi),沿(yan)(yan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)界(jie)經1623米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)1498米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)止。