地理區位
永定(ding)王(wang)壽山國家(jia)森林公園位(wei)于(yu)永定(ding)縣(xian)(xian)境內,處(chu)福建(jian)西南(nan)(nan),東(dong)(dong)臨漳州(zhou)、廈門,西接廣東(dong)(dong)梅(mei)州(zhou)市梅(mei)縣(xian)(xian)區,是(shi)閩粵交界邊區,為兩省門戶。縣(xian)(xian)界東(dong)(dong)接南(nan)(nan)靖縣(xian)(xian),東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)與平和縣(xian)(xian)交界,西南(nan)(nan)與廣東(dong)(dong)省的梅(mei)州(zhou)市梅(mei)縣(xian)(xian)區、大埔縣(xian)(xian)接壤,西北(bei)和上杭縣(xian)(xian)相(xiang)連(lian),東(dong)(dong)北(bei)與龍巖毗鄰(lin),地理位(wei)置獨特。
外部交(jiao)通(tong)有(you)省(sheng)道(dao)福三線(xian)(xian)縱(zong)貫(guan)南北,是連(lian)接廣東(dong)、福建兩省(sheng)的(de)主要(yao)公路干(gan)線(xian)(xian),撫(市(shi))石(shi)(廣東(dong)石(shi)市(shi))線(xian)(xian)、撫(市(shi))適(shi)(龍巖適(shi)中)線(xian)(xian)都已改建成(cheng)二級水泥公路,目(mu)前(qian)永(yong)(yong)定已修通(tong)出境公路15條(tiao),形成(cheng)四通(tong)八(ba)達的(de)交(jiao)通(tong)運輸網。距永(yong)(yong)定200公里(li)內有(you)廈(sha)門、連(lian)城(cheng)、梅州機場。
隨著梅坎鐵路(lu)的(de)(de)貫通(tong),永(yong)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)交通(tong)變(bian)得更加便利,每日(ri)均有廣州(zhou)、深圳、廈(sha)門、福(fu)州(zhou)等地的(de)(de)火車過往(wang)(wang)穿梭。而縣城通(tong)往(wang)(wang)旅游景(jing)區(qu)的(de)(de)公(gong)路(lu)都已建成水泥路(lu)或柏油路(lu),王壽(shou)山(shan)景(jing)區(qu)對外交通(tong)有高等級砼路(lu)面的(de)(de)棉花灘環庫公(gong)路(lu)繞山(shan)腳(jiao)而過,從棉花灘電站壩頭(tou)乘游艇,20分鐘可達森林公(gong)園入口。省道福(fu)三線由東華(hua)山(shan)景(jing)區(qu)所在地東安村(cun)中經過,該線也(ye)是龍巖市通(tong)往(wang)(wang)永(yong)定(ding)(ding)土樓(lou)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要通(tong)道,距洪坑客家土樓(lou)民俗文(wen)化村(cun)30公(gong)里。因此形成永(yong)定(ding)(ding)旅游的(de)(de)東樓(lou)西湖格局。便捷的(de)(de)交通(tong)條件(jian)和日(ri)益凸現(xian)的(de)(de)區(qu)位優(you)勢為永(yong)定(ding)(ding)王壽(shou)山(shan)國家森林公(gong)園建設提供(gong)了良(liang)好的(de)(de)條件(jian)。
自然條件
永定王(wang)壽(shou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)國家森林(lin)(lin)(lin)公(gong)園(yuan)系(xi)玳瑁山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)南段(duan),屬(shu)(shu)博平(ping)(ping)嶺西坡,以中低山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)為(wei)(wei)主。王(wang)壽(shou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)景(jing)區(qu)屬(shu)(shu)花崗巖地貌,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)勢(shi)雄奇,高(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)云表(biao),風景(jing)壯觀(guan),景(jing)區(qu)內(nei)植被茂密,森林(lin)(lin)(lin)覆蓋率較高(gao)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上風光(guang)秀麗、奇峰(feng)競拔、怪(guai)石遍布(bu)、古樹參天(tian),具有良好(hao)的(de)景(jing)觀(guan)資源(yuan)(yuan),更有龍湖山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)水(shui)相依,站(zhan)在王(wang)壽(shou)之巔,奇山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)秀水(shui)盡收眼(yan)底(di),森林(lin)(lin)(lin)公(gong)園(yuan)成為(wei)(wei)品(pin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)觀(guan)水(shui)的(de)絕佳去(qu)處。東華(hua)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)景(jing)區(qu)主要由三座相連的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)組成,屬(shu)(shu)丹霞地貌區(qu)域,主峰(feng)海拔高(gao)1035米,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)勢(shi)陡峭(qiao),奇崖怪(guai)石遍布(bu),具有良好(hao)的(de)地貌景(jing)觀(guan)。 公(gong)園(yuan)地處中亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)向南亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)過渡地段(duan),屬(shu)(shu)亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)海洋性季風氣候,夏無(wu)酷(ku)熱(re)(re),冬無(wu)嚴寒,雨量充沛,光(guang)照充足。年均氣溫(wen)(wen)20.1℃,l月平(ping)(ping)均氣溫(wen)(wen)10.6℃,7月平(ping)(ping)均氣溫(wen)(wen)27.5℃;極(ji)端最高(gao)氣溫(wen)(wen)39.2℃,極(ji)端最低氣溫(wen)(wen)-4.8℃;≥10℃積溫(wen)(wen)7249.7℃。日照2024.6小時,降雨量1606.9毫米,冰日6.5天(tian),無(wu)霜(shuang)期305天(tian),熱(re)(re)能(neng)資源(yuan)(yuan)豐(feng)富。
公園氣(qi)候適宜(yi)林木(mu)生(sheng)長,宜(yi)林面積263萬(wan)畝(mu),林地(di)面積209萬(wan)畝(mu),野(ye)生(sheng)植物(wu)有水杉、銀杏、馬尾松、黃(huang)楠、毛竹等8大(da)類332種(zhong);野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)有畫(hua)眉、穿山甲、野(ye)豬(zhu)、黃(huang)麂(ji)等7大(da)類146種(zhong)。
永(yong)定縣(xian)地熱資源(yuan)豐富,有露(lu)天的溫泉(quan)8處,分布在(zai)鳳城、城郊、下洋、合(he)溪(湯湖)。其中湯湖溫泉(quan)流量最大,成(cheng)為永(yong)定不可多得(de)的旅(lv)游資源(yuan)之一。
五大特色
獨特的(de)自然環境(jing)形成了王壽山五大特色。
一(yi)、高山(shan)湖(hu)泊。王壽山(shan)的水(shui)資源十分豐(feng)富,泉(quan)水(shui)汩汩,瀑布成群(qun)。在(zai)半(ban)山(shan)腰有一(yi)處80多畝空地(di),只(zhi)要把泉(quan)水(shui)匯集起來就會形成一(yi)個(ge)天(tian)然(ran)的湖(hu)泊,遠遠望(wang)去(qu)象(xiang)懸在(zai)半(ban)空中的天(tian)湖(hu)。
二、高(gao)山林海(hai)。王壽山連綿20多平方公里,終年覆蓋(gai)著茂(mao)密(mi)的闊葉林,郁郁蔥蔥,林海(hai)翻滾(gun),面積(ji)之大(da),林象之美(mei),實屬罕見。
三、五月楊(yang)梅。王(wang)壽山(shan)各種野生(sheng)動(dong)植物(wu)資源(yuan)異常豐富(fu),其中五月楊(yang)梅諶稱一(yi)絕。一(yi)到(dao)五月山(shan)上(shang)的楊(yang)梅漫山(shan)遍野掛滿(man)枝頭,又(you)大又(you)紅的楊(yang)梅酸中帶甜風味獨(du)特。四、高山(shan)飛(fei)雪。王(wang)壽山(shan)由于是海拔高,加之(zhi)森林茂密,在嚴寒(han)的冬季,山(shan)頂常雪花飛(fei)舞,銀裝素裹,形成了南方人難得一(yi)見的美麗雪景。
五、湖光(guang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)色。在王(wang)壽(shou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)的山(shan)(shan)(shan)腳下,位于福建(jian)省永定縣(xian)境內(nei)的千島湖,碧(bi)波萬頃,波光(guang)粼粼像一塊碧(bi)綠(lv)的翡(fei)翠鑲嵌(qian)在崇山(shan)(shan)(shan)峻嶺(ling)之中(zhong),與王(wang)壽(shou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)相互(hu)輝映,湖光(guang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)色美不勝(sheng)。
景觀資源
永定王(wang)壽山(shan)(shan)(shan)國家(jia)森(sen)林(lin)公園景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)資源豐富,景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)類型多樣。王(wang)壽山(shan)(shan)(shan)景(jing)(jing)區現有(you)森(sen)林(lin)資源豐富,林(lin)木(mu)茂盛(sheng),半山(shan)(shan)(shan)以(yi)上保(bao)存著成片(pian)的(de)原始熱(re)帶(dai)雨林(lin),物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豐富,其(qi)中植物(wu)266個科(ke)1986種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),昆蟲128個科(ke)1341種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),國家(jia)級保(bao)護動物(wu)有(you)19種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),具(ju)有(you)很(hen)高的(de)科(ke)考研(yan)究價(jia)值。王(wang)壽山(shan)(shan)(shan)主要(yao)景(jing)(jing)點大部分都在海拔千米(mi)以(yi)上,山(shan)(shan)(shan)體雄渾壯麗,古(gu)樹(shu)參天(tian),環境幽雅,風景(jing)(jing)迷人(ren),主要(yao)景(jing)(jing)點有(you)棋盤石、江甲湖、隆武巖(yan)、真武殿、陽持筆(蠟燭石)、鳳髻石、半天(tian)爐、仙人(ren)跡(ji)等(deng)(deng)有(you)史記載的(de)八大景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan),外還有(you)祥光寺、仙人(ren)橋(qiao)、觀(guan)(guan)音(yin)坐蓮、仙人(ren)站(zhan)崗、(人(ren)字石)、螳螂爬壁、金龜(gui)奔月等(deng)(deng)勝景(jing)(jing);山(shan)(shan)(shan)腳龍(long)湖與王(wang)壽山(shan)(shan)(shan)連為一(yi)體,湖光山(shan)(shan)(shan)色,交相輝映。東華山(shan)(shan)(shan)素有(you)永定“第一(yi)名(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)”之美稱(cheng),大面積天(tian)然林(lin)中古(gu)木(mu)參天(tian),翠竹如海,各種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)奇(qi)景(jing)(jing)巧奪天(tian)工。山(shan)(shan)(shan)上有(you)東華山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺、關帝廟(miao)、林(lin)觀(guan)(guan)廟(miao)、圓夢(meng)軒(xuan)、觀(guan)(guan)舍及鯉魚浮塔等(deng)(deng)文化古(gu)跡(ji)。為旅游開發(fa)注入了深厚的(de)文化底蘊。