發展歷史
清(qing)華洞國(guo)家(jia)(jia)森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)富(fu)寧縣(xian)城西郊(jiao)5公(gong)(gong)里許的峽谷內,昆畹公(gong)(gong)路南側(ce),1993年被列為國(guo)家(jia)(jia)森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)。清(qing)華洞國(guo)家(jia)(jia)森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)距大理(li)市區42公(gong)(gong)里,國(guo)家(jia)(jia)林業部(bu)于(yu)(yu)1992年批準(zhun)立項。公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)總面積3.92萬畝,森(sen)林覆(fu)蓋(gai)率(lv)76.5%。
主要景點
園內有五個景(jing)區(qu):水目山、大龍(long)潭、清(qing)水溝、清(qing)華洞(dong)(dong)、清(qing)海湖(hu)。景(jing)區(qu)景(jing)色優美,集(ji)洞(dong)(dong)穴景(jing)觀、森林景(jing)觀歷史人文景(jing)觀為一(yi)體(ti),開發前景(jing)廣(guang)闊。該(gai)公(gong)園由云(yun)南(nan)省林業規劃設(she)計(ji)院規劃設(she)計(ji),總(zong)體(ti)方案已經(jing)評審(shen)驗收清(qing)華洞(dong)(dong)屬喀(ka)斯(si)特地形石巖溶洞(dong)(dong),洞(dong)(dong)口向東,呈(cheng)黃色,古色斑剝,寬80余(yu)米,高30余(yu)米,洞(dong)(dong)口右(you)側(ce)頂(ding)穹(qiong)正中(zhong),仰視見尺余(yu)橢圓形亮光通山頂(ding),稱“碟(die)大天”。
右側有(you)(you)小(xiao)洞(dong)(dong)3個,時寬(kuan)、時窄、時而躬(gong)身(shen)而行,時而側身(shen)而過,洞(dong)(dong)壁(bi)大(da)洞(dong)(dong)套小(xiao)洞(dong)(dong)數十(shi)個,有(you)(you)的(de)互(hu)相串通(tong),別(bie)有(you)(you)情(qing)趣(qu)。
主洞位于洞口正(zheng)中。高寬各30余(yu)米,深數(shu)百米,入(ru)洞數(shu)米,頂(ding)壁有半(ban)尺(chi)許小(xiao)孔通山頂(ding)中也(ye)稱碟大天,此(ci)處奇觀只(zhi)有正(zheng)午太陽當頂(ding)時(shi)才(cai)可窺視。洞內怪峰突兀、石筍倒掛、懸崖滴乳(ru)、落水有聲(sheng)。
左(zuo)側洞壁向(xiang)正南、西南兩個(ge)方向(xiang)分(fen)出4個(ge)岔洞,深100余米(mi)(mi),窄處(chu)只容(rong)一(yi)人(ren)(ren)通過,沿途四壁怪石(shi)嶙峋(xun),或山峰、或動(dong)物,游(you)人(ren)(ren)自可(ke)想象。進(jin)入(ru)第四岔洞,清風徐(xu)來(lai),倍感涼爽(shuang),洞豁然開朗,能容(rong)納1000人(ren)(ren),頂穹數(shu)十(shi)米(mi)(mi)上(shang)(shang)直(zhi)勁3米(mi)(mi)左(zuo)右,石(shi)竊通光(guang),可(ke)仰視(shi)開空(kong)。 左(zuo)側洞壁又(you)有供一(yi)個(ge)爬行愛道進(jin)入(ru)第二天窗(chuang),此處(chu)天窗(chuang)更大(da),直(zhi)徑4米(mi)(mi)以上(shang)(shang)。
主洞(dong)(dong)(dong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)底甚為(wei)壯觀,闊(kuo)可(ke)容數千(qian)人(ren),四壁(bi)石筍、石柱、石臺天工自成,琳瑯滿目(mu),西(xi)(xi)北面洞(dong)(dong)(dong)壁(bi)有(you)一容單人(ren)躬(gong)身而進小(xiao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),深不(bu)可(ke)測(ce),至今無人(ren)探幽(you)。清華(hua)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)素(su)稱“滇西(xi)(xi)第一洞(dong)(dong)(dong)”。
明時大旅行家徐霞客兩(liang)(liang)次,臨洞(dong)(dong)考查;李元陽、郭松(song)年(nian)、楊慎(shen)等歷代官宦、墨(mo)客多(duo)次游(you)此,洞(dong)(dong)口(kou)留下摩崖題該(gai)24處(chu)之多(duo)。 洞(dong)(dong)外有數十(shi)級石(shi)階從地面直上洞(dong)(dong)口(kou),洞(dong)(dong)口(kou)蒼(cang)巖翠壁,林木成蔭。山(shan)頂(ding)古樹老藤(teng),虬枝交(jiao)錯。石(shi)上苔蘚斑駁,芳(fang)草藏(zang)襲。洞(dong)(dong)口(kou)已堵水成庫,水面3平方(fang)公里(li),分兩(liang)(liang)股(gu)岔道,一股(gu)長4公里(li),一股(gu)長2公里(li),可泛舟(zhou)游(you)覽。