發展歷史
清(qing)華洞國(guo)家森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園位于富寧縣城西郊5公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里許的峽谷內,昆(kun)畹公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路南側,1993年被列為國(guo)家森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園。清(qing)華洞國(guo)家森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園距大理市(shi)區42公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里,國(guo)家林業部于1992年批準立(li)項。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園總(zong)面積3.92萬(wan)畝,森(sen)林覆蓋率76.5%。
主要景點
園(yuan)內有五個景(jing)區:水目山、大(da)龍潭、清水溝、清華洞(dong)(dong)、清海湖(hu)。景(jing)區景(jing)色優美,集洞(dong)(dong)穴景(jing)觀(guan)、森(sen)林(lin)(lin)景(jing)觀(guan)歷史人文景(jing)觀(guan)為一體,開發(fa)前景(jing)廣闊。該公園(yuan)由(you)云南省(sheng)林(lin)(lin)業規(gui)劃(hua)設計院(yuan)規(gui)劃(hua)設計,總體方案已經評審驗收清華洞(dong)(dong)屬喀斯特地形(xing)石巖溶洞(dong)(dong),洞(dong)(dong)口向東,呈黃色,古色斑剝,寬80余(yu)米,高30余(yu)米,洞(dong)(dong)口右側頂穹正中,仰視見尺余(yu)橢圓(yuan)形(xing)亮光(guang)通(tong)山頂,稱“碟大(da)天(tian)”。
右側有(you)(you)小(xiao)洞3個,時(shi)寬、時(shi)窄、時(shi)而躬(gong)身(shen)而行,時(shi)而側身(shen)而過(guo),洞壁大洞套小(xiao)洞數十個,有(you)(you)的互相串通,別有(you)(you)情趣。
主洞(dong)(dong)位于洞(dong)(dong)口(kou)正中。高寬各(ge)30余米(mi)(mi)(mi),深數百米(mi)(mi)(mi),入洞(dong)(dong)數米(mi)(mi)(mi),頂(ding)壁有半尺許小(xiao)孔通山頂(ding)中也稱(cheng)碟大(da)天,此處奇觀只(zhi)有正午太陽當頂(ding)時才可窺視。洞(dong)(dong)內怪峰突(tu)兀、石筍倒掛、懸崖(ya)滴乳、落水有聲。
左(zuo)側(ce)洞(dong)(dong)壁向正南(nan)、西南(nan)兩個(ge)方(fang)向分(fen)出4個(ge)岔(cha)(cha)洞(dong)(dong),深100余米,窄處只容一人通過,沿途(tu)四(si)壁怪(guai)石(shi)嶙峋,或(huo)山峰(feng)、或(huo)動物(wu),游人自可(ke)想象。進(jin)(jin)入第(di)(di)四(si)岔(cha)(cha)洞(dong)(dong),清風徐來,倍感涼爽,洞(dong)(dong)豁然開(kai)朗,能容納1000人,頂穹數十米上直(zhi)勁3米左(zuo)右,石(shi)竊通光,可(ke)仰視開(kai)空。 左(zuo)側(ce)洞(dong)(dong)壁又有供(gong)一個(ge)爬(pa)行愛(ai)道進(jin)(jin)入第(di)(di)二天(tian)窗,此處天(tian)窗更(geng)大,直(zhi)徑4米以上。
主洞(dong)(dong)洞(dong)(dong)底甚(shen)為壯觀,闊可容數千人,四壁石(shi)筍、石(shi)柱、石(shi)臺天(tian)工自成,琳瑯(lang)滿目,西北面洞(dong)(dong)壁有一容單人躬身而進小(xiao)洞(dong)(dong),深不可測(ce),至今無人探幽(you)。清華洞(dong)(dong)素稱“滇(dian)西第一洞(dong)(dong)”。
明時大旅(lv)行家徐(xu)霞(xia)客兩次,臨洞(dong)(dong)考查;李元陽、郭松年、楊慎(shen)等(deng)歷代官宦、墨客多次游(you)(you)此,洞(dong)(dong)口(kou)留下摩崖(ya)題該24處之多。 洞(dong)(dong)外有數(shu)十級石(shi)(shi)階從地面直上洞(dong)(dong)口(kou),洞(dong)(dong)口(kou)蒼巖翠(cui)壁,林木成(cheng)蔭。山頂(ding)古樹老藤,虬枝交錯。石(shi)(shi)上苔(tai)蘚斑(ban)駁,芳草藏襲。洞(dong)(dong)口(kou)已堵水(shui)成(cheng)庫,水(shui)面3平(ping)方公里(li)(li),分兩股岔(cha)道,一股長4公里(li)(li),一股長2公里(li)(li),可泛舟游(you)(you)覽。