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任人唯賢（rèn rén wéi xián）是一個成(cheng)語，最早出自于(yu)戰國《尚書·咸(xian)有一德(de)》。

任人唯賢指任用官員只以德才優秀作為標準(zhun)，含褒義；在句中一(yi)般作謂語、定語、賓語、分(fen)句。

成語出處

戰國《尚(shang)書(shu)·咸有(you)一德(de)》：“任(ren)官惟賢才，左右惟其人(ren)。”

后世據此(ci)典故引申出成語“任人唯賢”。

成語故事

春(chun)秋(qiu)時期，齊國(guo)的國(guo)君襄公(gong)(gong)殘暴(bao)荒唐，連他的兩個(ge)(ge)兄(xiong)弟(di)都逃到(dao)別(bie)國(guo)去了。這兩個(ge)(ge)兄(xiong)弟(di)是(shi)兩個(ge)(ge)母親生(sheng)的。一個(ge)(ge)叫公(gong)(gong)子糾(jiu)，逃到(dao)了魯國(guo)。一個(ge)(ge)叫公(gong)(gong)子小(xiao)白(bai)，逃到(dao)了莒(ju)國(guo)。公(gong)(gong)子糾(jiu)的師傅是(shi)管仲，公(gong)(gong)子小(xiao)白(bai)的師傅是(shi)鮑叔牙(ya)。

后來(lai)，齊襄(xiang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)被人殺死了。第二年春天，齊國(guo)(guo)的(de)大(da)臣派使(shi)者迎接公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)糾(jiu)(jiu)回去(qu)做國(guo)(guo)君(jun)。魯(lu)國(guo)(guo)的(de)國(guo)(guo)君(jun)魯(lu)莊(zhuang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)親(qin)自(zi)派兵(bing)護送。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)糾(jiu)(jiu)的(de)師(shi)傅管(guan)(guan)仲怕逃亡(wang)在莒國(guo)(guo)的(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)小(xiao)白(bai)(bai)因為離齊國(guo)(guo)近搶先回國(guo)(guo)奪到君(jun)位(wei)，所以經莊(zhuang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同意(yi)，先帶領一支人馬去(qu)攔住(zhu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)小(xiao)白(bai)(bai)。走到即墨(mo)，聽人說(shuo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)小(xiao)白(bai)(bai)已經跑在頭里(li)(li)了。管(guan)(guan)仲使(shi)勁(jing)地追(zhui)，追(zhui)了三(san)十(shi)多里(li)(li)路才(cai)追(zhui)上。管(guan)(guan)仲瞧見(jian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)小(xiao)白(bai)(bai)坐(zuo)在車里(li)(li)，也不多說(shuo)，偷(tou)(tou)偷(tou)(tou)地拿起弓箭(jian)，對準(zhun)了公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)小(xiao)白(bai)(bai)，“嗖”的(de)一箭(jian)射過去(qu)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)小(xiao)白(bai)(bai)大(da)叫一聲(sheng)，口吐(tu)鮮血，倒在車子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)里(li)(li)。管(guan)(guan)仲一看，以為小(xiao)白(bai)(bai)死了，他想公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)糾(jiu)(jiu)的(de)君(jun)位(wei)必定穩坐(zuo)了，便不慌不忙地回魯(lu)國(guo)(guo)去(qu)護送公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)糾(jiu)(jiu)到齊國(guo)(guo)去(qu)。

誰知(zhi)道公(gong)子(zi)小(xiao)白(bai)并沒有死，只是(shi)咬破舌(she)頭，弄得滿口鮮血裝死罷(ba)了。鮑(bao)叔牙護著(zhu)小(xiao)白(bai)抄小(xiao)道趕到都(dou)城(cheng)臨淄。鮑(bao)叔牙硬是(shi)說(shuo)服了大臣們(men)，立(li)公(gong)子(zi)小(xiao)白(bai)為國(guo)君，也就是(shi)齊桓公(gong)。

不久，魯(lu)(lu)國(guo)的(de)兵馬送公(gong)子糾(jiu)回到了齊(qi)(qi)國(guo)地界。齊(qi)(qi)國(guo)的(de)鮑(bao)叔(shu)牙立即請齊(qi)(qi)桓公(gong)發兵抵抗，于是齊(qi)(qi)魯(lu)(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)間發生戰(zhan)爭。魯(lu)(lu)軍大敗，只(zhi)得答(da)應齊(qi)(qi)國(guo)的(de)條件，將(jiang)公(gong)子糾(jiu)逼死，又把管仲(zhong)(zhong)抓起(qi)來。齊(qi)(qi)國(guo)的(de)使者表示，管仲(zhong)(zhong)射(she)過他(ta)們的(de)國(guo)君，國(guo)君要(yao)報一箭之(zhi)(zhi)仇(chou)，非親(qin)手殺了他(ta)不可，所(suo)以一定要(yao)將(jiang)他(ta)押到齊(qi)(qi)國(guo)去(qu)。魯(lu)(lu)莊公(gong)只(zhi)好(hao)把管仲(zhong)(zhong)裝上囚車，押回齊(qi)(qi)國(guo)。

管仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)被(bei)捆綁著(zhu)，從魯國(guo)押往齊(qi)國(guo)。一路上，他又(you)饑(ji)又(you)渴，吃(chi)了許多苦頭。來(lai)到(dao)(dao)(dao)綺烏這個地(di)方時，他去見那(nei)里守(shou)(shou)衛邊界(jie)的官(guan)員，請(qing)求給點飯吃(chi)。不料，那(nei)守(shou)(shou)邊界(jie)的官(guan)員竟(jing)跪在地(di)上，端飯給管仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)吃(chi)，神(shen)情十(shi)分恭敬(jing)。等管仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)吃(chi)好飯，他私下間道：“如果您(nin)到(dao)(dao)(dao)齊(qi)國(guo)后，僥幸沒有被(bei)殺而得到(dao)(dao)(dao)任用，您(nin)將怎樣報(bao)答我(wo)？”管仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)回答道：“要是照(zhao)你所說的那(nei)樣，我(wo)得到(dao)(dao)(dao)任用，我(wo)將要任用賢人(ren)(ren)，使用能(neng)(neng)人(ren)(ren)，評賞(shang)有功的人(ren)(ren)，我(wo)能(neng)(neng)拿什么報(bao)答您(nin)呢？”

等到(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)一(yi)回到(dao)(dao)齊(qi)國(guo)(guo)，鮑(bao)叔(shu)牙(ya)就(jiu)(jiu)親(qin)自到(dao)(dao)城(cheng)外迎接(jie)。接(jie)著(zhu)(zhu)，鮑(bao)叔(shu)牙(ya)大力(li)(li)把(ba)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)保舉給齊(qi)桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)。齊(qi)桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)說(shuo)：“他(ta)拿(na)箭射我(wo)(wo)，要(yao)我(wo)(wo)的(de)(de)命(ming)，你還叫我(wo)(wo)用他(ta)嗎(ma)？”鮑(bao)叔(shu)牙(ya)說(shuo)：“那會(hui)兒他(ta)是(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)糾(jiu)的(de)(de)師傅(fu)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)自然冒死幫(bang)著(zhu)(zhu)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)糾(jiu)了(le)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)的(de)(de)本領比(bi)我(wo)(wo)強(qiang)十倍(bei)。主(zhu)公(gong)(gong)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)用他(ta)，他(ta)準能給您立大功。”齊(qi)桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)聽了(le)鮑(bao)叔(shu)牙(ya)的(de)(de)話(hua)，立即拜管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)為相(xiang)國(guo)(guo)。鮑(bao)叔(shu)牙(ya)反(fan)倒做了(le)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)的(de)(de)副手。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)當相(xiang)國(guo)(guo)以后，發(fa)揮他(ta)的(de)(de)政治才能，大力(li)(li)實(shi)行改革，使齊(qi)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)力(li)(li)迅速(su)增強(qiang)。七年后，齊(qi)桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)就(jiu)(jiu)稱霸四方，不(bu)久，齊(qi)桓(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)就(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)了(le)春(chun)秋第(di)一(yi)霸。

成語寓意

無(wu)論是創業還是守(shou)業，都離不開人(ren)(ren)才(cai)。雖說匯聚(ju)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)需要海(hai)納百川的(de)精神，但水多(duo)容易(yi)泛(fan)濫，人(ren)(ren)才(cai)競(jing)爭過于激(ji)烈，容易(yi)出現魚目混珠、良莠不齊的(de)情況。因(yin)此，執政(zheng)者(zhe)必須善于發現人(ren)(ren)才(cai)，舉薦人(ren)(ren)才(cai)，團(tuan)結人(ren)(ren)才(cai)，使用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)，才(cai)能推動事業不斷向前(qian)發展。而(er)最重要的(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)原(yuan)則，那就是任人(ren)(ren)唯賢。要求執政(zheng)者(zhe)在選拔人(ren)(ren)才(cai)時，不要考(kao)慮(lv)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)的(de)身份(fen)、背景以(yi)及與自己(ji)的(de)關系，敢用(yong)(yong)(yong)有缺點的(de)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)，并能做(zuo)到(dao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)不疑，疑人(ren)(ren)不用(yong)(yong)(yong)。正因(yin)為(wei)有這(zhe)樣的(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)原(yuan)則，西漢劉敬、三(san)國諸(zhu)葛亮等賢能之士才(cai)能夠“朝為(wei)田舍郎，暮登天子(zi)堂”。

成語用法

成文用法

“任人(ren)唯賢”指任用官員只(zhi)以德才優(you)秀作為標準(zhun)。

含(han)褒義；在句(ju)中一般作(zuo)謂語、定語、賓語、分句(ju)。

運用示例

毛澤(ze)東《中(zhong)國共產(chan)黨在民族(zu)戰(zhan)爭中(zhong)的地位》：“有(you)獨立的工作能力，積極肯干，不謀私利為標(biao)準，這就(jiu)是任人唯賢的路線。”

作家·凌(ling)力《星星草(cao)》：“文(wen)狀元(yuan)、武狀元(yuan)、農狀元(yuan)、工(gong)狀元(yuan)、醫狀元(yuan)，都要選，以才取人(ren)(ren)，任人(ren)(ren)唯(wei)賢。那時(shi)天國人(ren)(ren)才濟(ji)濟(ji)，英杰歸真，咱們可就(jiu)更(geng)該興旺羅！”

成語辨析

任人唯賢—知人善用

“任(ren)人(ren)唯賢”和(he)“知(zhi)人(ren)善任(ren)”兩者都含(han)有“善于使用人(ren)”的意思。但“任(ren)人(ren)唯賢”是指一種用人(ren)原(yuan)則或態(tai)度，“知(zhi)人(ren)善任(ren)”則多(duo)指方法或技巧(qiao)。