“開(kai)(kai)元(yuan)(yuan)”是唐(tang)玄宗(zong)李隆基在(zai)位時(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)號,距今(jin)(jin)1300年(nian)(nian)(nian)。唐(tang)朝20帝25傳290年(nian)(nian)(nian)不僅(jin)給(gei)我們留下(xia)了近5萬(wan)(wan)首(shou)唐(tang)詩,而且創造了“開(kai)(kai)元(yuan)(yuan)盛(sheng)世(shi)”那一(yi)(yi)段歷史的(de)(de)(de)(de)輝煌,在(zai)這條已(yi)形(xing)成二(er)十多萬(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)(gu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)之(zhi)中,既有(you)(you)雄奇(qi)壯闊(kuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自然景象,更有(you)(you)新石器時(shi)期(qi)以來的(de)(de)(de)(de)珍貴(gui)文(wen)化(hua)遺存(cun),特別是開(kai)(kai)元(yuan)(yuan)溶(rong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內(nei)開(kai)(kai)元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鐘乳石刻(ke)和遺跡文(wen)物,向我們真實再現(xian)了1300年(nian)(nian)(nian)前盛(sheng)唐(tang)文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個側面,充分展示出開(kai)(kai)元(yuan)(yuan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)博大深沉的(de)(de)(de)(de)豐(feng)富內(nei)涵,1300年(nian)(nian)(nian)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)今(jin)(jin)天,萬(wan)(wan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)古(gu)(gu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)又逢盛(sheng)世(shi),得以開(kai)(kai)發重(zhong)現(xian)人(ren)(ren)間(jian),這也是將(jiang)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)取名為“開(kai)(kai)元(yuan)(yuan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內(nei)新石器時(shi)期(qi),唐(tang),宋(song)等(deng)各時(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)摩崖石刻(ke)更令人(ren)(ren)稱(cheng)絕。開(kai)(kai)元(yuan)(yuan)溶(rong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)以其精妙絕倫的(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自然景觀和內(nei)涵豐(feng)富的(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)(gu)老文(wen)化(hua)遺存(cun)被國(guo)家(jia)巖溶(rong)地(di)質專家(jia)稱(cheng)為山東(dong)省罕見的(de)(de)(de)(de)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴資源,譽為“山東(dong)第一(yi)(yi)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)”。
開(kai)元(yuan)溶洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)第(di)一廳叫“水簾(lian)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)廳”。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內鐘乳石(shi)(shi)(shi)造型形(xing)態各異,石(shi)(shi)(shi)幔、石(shi)(shi)(shi)旗(qi)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)筍(sun)賞心悅(yue)目。“水簾(lian)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)”得名于(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)壁上的(de)一個小(xiao)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內四(si)季恒溫,常年(nian)溫度(du)保(bao)持在(zai)(zai)15度(du)左右。石(shi)(shi)(shi)獅狀石(shi)(shi)(shi)筍(sun)上依稀可(ke)辨的(de)“李(li)(li)”、“女”、“遇”等字,經專(zhuan)家鑒定,證實為(wei)宋代石(shi)(shi)(shi)刻,已有近千年(nian)歷史。在(zai)(zai)開(kai)元(yuan)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)剛發現(xian)時,進洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)人在(zai)(zai)此石(shi)(shi)(shi)筍(sun)下(xia)面發現(xian)了一堆人骨。據猜想或許李(li)(li)某(mou)(mou)某(mou)(mou)在(zai)(zai)此遇難(nan),跟(gen)他(ta)一起來的(de)趙興在(zai)(zai)此題(ti)字。
第(di)二廳是“龍(long)(long)脊(ji)(ji)廳”。龍(long)(long)脊(ji)(ji)又叫天溝。總長45米(mi),從一廳到六廳幾(ji)乎全有龍(long)(long)脊(ji)(ji)構造(zao)。這(zhe)樣長、大(da)(da)、深、美的(de)龍(long)(long)脊(ji)(ji)在其它溶洞中(zhong)是罕見的(de)。所以這(zhe)是開(kai)元洞的(de)特(te)色(se)之一。洞壁(bi)上大(da)(da)大(da)(da)小小的(de)白(bai)色(se)圓形鐘乳石(shi),組成“迷途水母”景(jing)。此(ci)廳石(shi)筍表面有“開(kai)元年”三個清晰可辨的(de)石(shi)刻(ke)(ke)。經(jing)專家(jia)認(ren)定為唐開(kai)元年間所刻(ke)(ke)。
第三廳是“珍(zhen)(zhen)珠廳”。廳頂也(ye)有(you)(you)許多印痕。它們(men)有(you)(you)的(de)是巖石裂(lie)隙被(bei)方解石充填而成(cheng),也(ye)有(you)(you)許多是中國漢朝石刻,一些不(bu)易(yi)辨(bian)認的(de)字已被(bei)制成(cheng)拓片,送到有(you)(you)關部門(men)進行研究。開(kai)元洞(dong)除(chu)了(le)有(you)(you)重要的(de)旅游價(jia)值外還有(you)(you)珍(zhen)(zhen)貴的(de)考古(gu)價(jia)值。洞(dong)頂壁上布滿雪白的(de)球粒,極像珍(zhen)(zhen)珠,所以稱為“珍(zhen)(zhen)珠灘(tan)”。球粒學名叫(jiao)石葡萄(tao),長成(cheng)珊瑚(hu)狀的(de),叫(jiao)石珊瑚(hu)。化學成(cheng)份為方解石,呈白色(se)。它的(de)大量分布,在其(qi)它洞(dong)中也(ye)屬罕見。屬開(kai)元洞(dong)洞(dong)寶(bao)之一。
第四廳是(shi)“聚仙(xian)(xian)(xian)廳”。此廳中(zhong)各(ge)種形態(tai)的大(da)小石筍(sun)、小石瀑布、小水母珊瑚、石葡萄、石旗比比皆是(shi)。勝(sheng)景有(you)(you)(you)觀,水源(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)現,流東海之(zhi)(zhi)泉,沖上蒼之(zhi)(zhi)巔,不啻是(shi)盛業千古的桃源(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)地。廳中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)“盤絲洞”、有(you)(you)(you)神仙(xian)(xian)(xian)居住的“婆羅佛(fo)塔”,有(you)(you)(you)被尊為中(zhong)國(guo)佛(fo)教禪宗的“初祖”、“達摩面壁”、長壽星等,真的像是(shi)群仙(xian)(xian)(xian)聚會。
第五廳(ting)是(shi)“長(chang)(chang)壽(shou)廳(ting)”。長(chang)(chang)壽(shou)廳(ting)雄偉(wei)高大,高約25米,鐘乳石(shi)奇多。長(chang)(chang)壽(shou)廳(ting)美(mei),美(mei)在(zai)猶(you)如(ru)(ru)天王托塔似的美(mei)麗彩(cai)色石(shi)筍,美(mei)在(zai)猶(you)如(ru)(ru)桂林詩(shi)景(jing)(jing)般秀麗景(jing)(jing)象,美(mei)在(zai)猶(you)如(ru)(ru)一(yi)個村莊,萬家燈火,更美(mei)在(zai)猶(you)如(ru)(ru)遠古火山崩發一(yi)股熾熱(re)火紅(hong)的巖漿。峭壁上(shang)石(shi)旗(qi)飄揚,白色瀑布頂部(bu)有(you)一(yi)石(shi)化了(le)的盒子(zi),盒上(shang)刻(ke)有(you)“金棒藏記”四字。這一(yi)人文景(jing)(jing)觀加(jia)海魚化石(shi),為(wei)長(chang)(chang)壽(shou)廳(ting)又增添了(le)幾分神秘色彩(cai)。“源泉源頭”流(liu)出長(chang)(chang)壽(shou)水,據說喝了(le)會健康長(chang)(chang)壽(shou)。
第六廳(ting)是“觀音(yin)廳(ting)”。此廳(ting)中石(shi)(shi)幔處處有,石(shi)(shi)筍滿目(mu)生(sheng),貝窩迷人(ren)眼(yan),石(shi)(shi)旗藏眼(yan)中,玉水清(qing)清(qing),飛瀑飄流,景景誘人(ren)。流石(shi)(shi)壩(ba)形如梯(ti)田,石(shi)(shi)葡萄一(yi)串(chuan)又一(yi)串(chuan)。仙境主人(ren)南海觀音(yin)狀鐘(zhong)乳石(shi)(shi)端坐洞壁(bi),栩栩如生(sheng)。頂上長約25米(mi)的龍脊上鐘(zhong)乳石(shi)(shi)似火炬(ju),像(xiang)佛龕(kan)。
乘(cheng)1路(lu)公共汽車到博(bo)山車站,轉乘(cheng)13路(lu)到開元溶洞(dong)。
博(bo)山(shan)高速路口右轉彎(wan),沿環(huan)城路南(nan)行途經馬公祠(ci)隧道-南(nan)莊-焦裕(yu)祿展(zhan)覽館-天(tian)津灣東村右轉彎(wan)-開元溶(rong)洞。
開元溶洞(dong),發育于奧陶紀(ji)馬家(jia)溝組厚(hou)層(ceng)灰巖中,洞(dong)長744.9米(mi),洞(dong)寬(kuan)一(yi)般(ban)6~15米(mi),最寬(kuan)達30米(mi),洞(dong)高(gao)(gao)一(yi)般(ban)6~8米(mi),最高(gao)(gao)達30米(mi)以上(shang)。洞(dong)廳(ting)大而高(gao)(gao),鐘(zhong)乳石、石幔(man)、石筍、石旗、石葡(pu)萄等自然景物(wu)豐富多(duo)彩,形象逼真。