唐古(gu)紅(hong)景天(tian)(Rhodiola tangutica (Maxim.) S. H. Fu),是景天(tian)科紅(hong)景天(tian)屬的植物(wu),為中國的特有植物(wu)。產四川(chuan)、青海、甘肅、寧夏。
唐古紅景天生長于(yu)海拔2000-4700米的(de)高山石縫中(zhong)或近水邊。
唐古紅景天產自四(si)川、青海、甘肅、寧(ning)夏(xia)。模式標本(ben)采自寧(ning)夏(xia)。與(yu)原變(bian)種(zhong)的區別,花雌雄異株(zhu),葉(xie)狹線(xian)形。原變(bian)種(zhong)產阿爾太,我們(men)尚未采到(dao)類(lei)似(si)標本(ben)。
多年生草本。主根粗長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang),分(fen)枝;根頸沒(mei)有(you)(you)殘留(liu)老枝莖,或(huo)(huo)有(you)(you)少數殘留(liu),先端(duan)(duan)被(bei)三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)鱗片(pian)。雌雄(xiong)異株。雄(xiong)株花(hua)(hua)(hua)莖干后(hou)稻桿色或(huo)(huo)老后(hou)棕(zong)(zong)褐色,高10-17厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),直(zhi)徑1.5-2.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。葉(xie)(xie)線形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)1-1.5厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬不(bu)及1毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先端(duan)(duan)鈍(dun)(dun)漸尖(jian),無(wu)柄。花(hua)(hua)(hua)序(xu)緊密,傘(san)房(fang)狀(zhuang)(zhuang),花(hua)(hua)(hua)序(xu)下有(you)(you)苞葉(xie)(xie);萼片(pian)5,線狀(zhuang)(zhuang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2-3毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬0.5-0.6毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先端(duan)(duan)鈍(dun)(dun);花(hua)(hua)(hua)瓣(ban)5,干后(hou)似為粉紅色,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)披針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)4毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬0.8毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先端(duan)(duan)鈍(dun)(dun)漸尖(jian);雄(xiong)蕊10,對(dui)(dui)瓣(ban)的(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),在基部(bu)上1.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)著生,對(dui)(dui)萼的(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)4.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),鱗片(pian)5,四方形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)0.4毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬0.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先端(duan)(duan)有(you)(you)微缺(que);心皮5,狹披針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),不(bu)育。雌株花(hua)(hua)(hua)莖果時(shi)(shi)高15-30厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),直(zhi)徑3毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),棕(zong)(zong)褐色。葉(xie)(xie)線形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)8-13毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬1毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先端(duan)(duan)鈍(dun)(dun)漸尖(jian)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)序(xu)傘(san)房(fang)狀(zhuang)(zhuang),果時(shi)(shi)倒(dao)三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)寬各5厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);萼片(pian)5,線狀(zhuang)(zhuang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)3-3.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬0.5-0.7毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),鈍(dun)(dun);花(hua)(hua)(hua)瓣(ban)5,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)披針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬1-1.2毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先端(duan)(duan)鈍(dun)(dun)漸尖(jian);鱗片(pian)5,橫長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)方形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)0.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬0.7毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先端(duan)(duan)有(you)(you)微缺(que);蓇葖5,直(zhi)立,狹披針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)達1厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),喙短,長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)1毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),直(zhi)立或(huo)(huo)稍外彎。花(hua)(hua)(hua)期5-8月(yue),果期8月(yue)。
醫藥:主軸(zhou)藥用(yong),有利(li)肺(fei)、退燒(shao)之效(青(qing)海)。
醫藥(yao):根、莖、花(紅景天):澀,寒。退燒,利肺。用(yong)于(yu)肺熱咳喘(chuan),神(shen)經(jing)麻(ma)痹癥。
列入中國《國家(jia)二級(ji)保護植物名錄》;列入《世(shi)界自然保護聯盟瀕危物種紅(hong)色名錄》(IUCN)——易(yi)危(VU)。
一般中國產定名(ming)名(ming)為Rhodiola algida (Ledeb.) Fisch. et Mey.的(de),編(bian)者疑為本變種或其他種。