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青(qing)城(cheng)文昌閣又名魁星樓，位于山東省淄(zi)博(bo)市(shi)高(gao)青(qing)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)青(qing)城(cheng)鎮，原是古代一處祭祀文昌帝君的場所。1991年(nian)版《高(gao)青(qing)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志》記載(zai)，清乾隆元(yuan)年(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)1736年(nian)），由64名文、武生員集(ji)資(zi)在(zai)青(qing)城(cheng)十(shi)字街(jie)修筑“文臺”；清乾隆二十(shi)年(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)1756年(nian)）建(jian)成(cheng)文昌閣；道光二十(shi)一年(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)1841年(nian)），青(qing)城(cheng)知(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)張維垣捐資(zi)，并聯(lian)合當地鄉紳集(ji)資(zi)重(zhong)修。

文(wen)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)閣屬于中(zhong)國道教(jiao)建筑。所祀(si)(si)文(wen)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)帝(di)君(jun)又(you)名(ming)“文(wen)曲星”、“文(wen)星”，是中(zhong)國古(gu)代神(shen)(shen)話(hua)中(zhong)主宰功名(ming)祿(lu)位的神(shen)(shen)靈(ling)，后來為(wei)(wei)(wei)道教(jiao)所承襲。舊時(shi)多(duo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)知識分(fen)子所崇(chong)祀(si)(si)，以為(wei)(wei)(wei)可以保(bao)功名(ming)。元(yuan)仁(ren)宗延祐(you)三年(nian)（公元(yuan)1316年(nian)），將梓橦帝(di)君(jun)加封為(wei)(wei)(wei)“輔(fu)元(yuan)開(kai)化文(wen)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)司祿(lu)宏仁(ren)帝(di)君(jun)”以后，兩(liang)者遂(sui)合而(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)。由于這些(xie)緣故，歷代封建文(wen)人對其頂禮(li)(li)(li)(li)膜拜。在中(zhong)國傳(chuan)統(tong)文(wen)化中(zhong)，文(wen)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)與關(guan)帝(di)一(yi)道被尊稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“文(wen)武二圣(sheng)”，祭(ji)祀(si)(si)文(wen)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)帝(di)君(jun)的禮(li)(li)(li)(li)儀猶如祭(ji)祀(si)(si)關(guan)圣(sheng)帝(di)君(jun)，每年(nian)春秋兩(liang)季進行(xing)隆重的祭(ji)禮(li)(li)(li)(li)。屆時(shi)縣官們率領僚(liao)屬、鄉宦、生(sheng)員，穿朝(chao)服、設(she)儀仗(zhang)行(xing)九拜之禮(li)(li)(li)(li)，供奉五(wu)案祭(ji)品，有(you)“帛一(yi)、牛一(yi)、羊一(yi)、豬(zhu)一(yi)、果品五(wu)籩、豆各十”。

青城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)歷史悠(you)久，唐代(dai)稱青平鎮(zhen)，金(jin)天興二年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)1233年(nian)(nian)(nian)）始置青平縣(xian)(xian)，后(hou)改青城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)。元(yuan)代(dai)元(yuan)統(tong)元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)1333年(nian)(nian)(nian)）筑圓周(zhou)形青城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)池，周(zhou)長(chang)(chang)3華里，高2丈(zhang)余，護城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)深一丈(zhang)余，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有(you)4門(men)，東為(wei)(wei)望海門(men)，西為(wei)(wei)通濟(ji)門(men)，南(nan)為(wei)(wei)仰岱門(men)，北(bei)為(wei)(wei)拱辰門(men)。后(hou)在(zai)(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)東北(bei)角建小北(bei)門(men)，稱“迎恩門(men)”，在(zai)(zai)東南(nan)角建小南(nan)門(men)，稱“詔(zhao)文門(men)”。明(ming)萬歷二十三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)1595年(nian)(nian)(nian)）增設甕(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。經過(guo)元(yuan)、明(ming)、清三(san)代(dai)多次整修，青城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)逐(zhu)步成為(wei)(wei)一座功能(neng)完善、整齊劃一的古代(dai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)池。清光(guang)緒二十二年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1896年(nian)(nian)(nian)）春(chun)，在(zai)(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)筑起寬5米、周(zhou)長(chang)(chang)3411米的防(fang)洪大(da)堤(di)，堤(di)上(shang)遍植桃樹、杏樹。每到春(chun)季，環城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)數里花香(xiang)濃郁，美不勝(sheng)收(shou)。后(hou)因戰亂失修，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣逐(zhu)漸殘破。1939年(nian)(nian)(nian)3月，日本侵略(lve)軍占領青城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，在(zai)(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)上(shang)修筑炮(pao)樓，拉鐵絲(si)網，縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遭受嚴重破壞。建國后(hou)青城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)曾為(wei)(wei)高青縣(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府駐地，后(hou)為(wei)(wei)青城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區、公(gong)(gong)社、鎮(zhen)政(zheng)府駐地。慶（云(yun)）淄(zi)（川）路縱貫南(nan)北(bei)，是(shi)廣(guang)（北(bei)農場）青（城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)）路的終點。

文(wen)昌(chang)閣是一座(zuo)過(guo)街樓式建筑，就(jiu)跨(kua)建在(zai)古(gu)青(qing)城(cheng)縣城(cheng)中(zhong)心的(de)十字(zi)大(da)街上(shang)。基(ji)座(zuo)為(wei)正方形(xing)(xing)，高2.1丈(zhang)(zhang)，邊長3.25丈(zhang)(zhang)，用大(da)青(qing)磚砌(qi)成。基(ji)座(zuo)下部(bu)開(kai)有寬1.2丈(zhang)(zhang)、高1.6丈(zhang)(zhang)的(de)十字(zi)形(xing)(xing)券(quan)拱(gong)門(men)(men)洞，銜接著通向(xiang)東(dong)西南(nan)北城(cheng)門(men)(men)的(de)四(si)條大(da)街。南(nan)面券(quan)拱(gong)門(men)(men)兩側(ce)有臺階，轉(zhuan)折(zhe)而(er)上(shang)。基(ji)座(zuo)上(shang)是三(san)層(ceng)(ceng)木構樓閣，第一層(ceng)(ceng)以(yi)圓柱支撐(cheng)飛檐(yan)，二(er)層(ceng)(ceng)為(wei)暗層(ceng)(ceng)，中(zhong)間以(yi)磚砌(qi)四(si)壁直達三(san)層(ceng)(ceng)。每層(ceng)(ceng)四(si)角攢頂(ding)(ding)，裝飾斗拱(gong)，釉瓦(wa)覆(fu)頂(ding)(ding)，四(si)脊(ji)有栩(xu)(xu)栩(xu)(xu)如生的(de)石(shi)獸。檐(yan)下掛有銅鈴(ling)，微風吹來，發出清脆悅(yue)耳的(de)鈴(ling)聲。頂(ding)(ding)端(duan)冠一木質(zhi)鉛灰色(se)大(da)圓寶頂(ding)(ding)。整個樓閣高約4.7丈(zhang)(zhang)，結構嚴密精巧，造(zao)型(xing)宏偉壯觀。對于做(zuo)夢也想金榜題(ti)名的(de)學子(zi)們來說(shuo)，閣中(zhong)的(de)文(wen)昌(chang)君(jun)是他(ta)們的(de)命運之(zhi)神。相傳有位學子(zi)蟾宮(gong)折(zhe)桂后衣(yi)錦還鄉，在(zai)祭祖的(de)路(lu)上(shang)經過(guo)文(wen)昌(chang)閣，遂(sui)將文(wen)昌(chang)閣更(geng)名為(wei)魁(kui)星(xing)樓，從此青(qing)城(cheng)文(wen)昌(chang)閣又有了一個好聽的(de)名字(zi)。

文昌閣(ge)是古青(qing)城縣(xian)的(de)(de)(de)“八景”之(zhi)一，謂(wei)之(zhi)“高(gao)閣(ge)晴霞”。它(ta)坐落于城垣環繞(rao)的(de)(de)(de)城區正中(zhong)(zhong)，凌(ling)駕于綠樹掩映(ying)下的(de)(de)(de)建筑(zhu)群之(zhi)上，抬眼望(wang)去，高(gao)閣(ge)在(zai)云霞燦(can)爛的(de)(de)(de)蒼穹映(ying)照下，更顯得挺拔壯麗，氣勢不凡。游(you)人登上高(gao)閣(ge)，憑(ping)欄遠眺，“高(gao)閣(ge)晴霞”之(zhi)美妙，盡(jin)在(zai)不言(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)。暮春時節(jie)，村舍里炊煙(yan)裊(niao)(niao)裊(niao)(niao)升起，千里沃野上男耕女種(zhong)，呈(cheng)現一派勃勃生機；仲秋(qiu)時分，農民們收獲著黃澄澄的(de)(de)(de)莊稼，豐收美景盡(jin)收眼底。風清日(ri)麗之(zhi)時，南眺可見鄒平縣(xian)境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)黃山和青(qing)龍山，北望(wang)可數(shu)浩瀚黃河(he)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)離(li)離(li)船帆。

青(qing)城(cheng)文(wen)(wen)昌(chang)(chang)閣(ge)經過風雨剝(bo)蝕、地震撼(han)搖和戰爭造成的(de)(de)破(po)(po)壞，到20世紀40年(nian)(nian)代中(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)，已(yi)是壁裂瓦(wa)殘、漆畫斑駁，呈(cheng)遙遙欲傾之狀(zhuang)。抗日戰爭勝利后，為(wei)褒獎革(ge)命烈士(shi)，經山東(dong)省(sheng)政府(fu)批準，青(qing)城(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)民(min)主政府(fu)撥(bo)款12萬元北(bei)(bei)海(hai)幣，將文(wen)(wen)昌(chang)(chang)閣(ge)改(gai)建為(wei)烈士(shi)紀念祠(ci)，1946年(nian)(nian)完工。第(di)三層正中(zhong)(zhong)懸掛著“烈士(shi)祠(ci)”匾(bian)額(e)，第(di)一(yi)層的(de)(de)西北(bei)(bei)東(dong)南(nan)四(si)面分別懸有“為(wei)國捐(juan)軀(qu)”、“氣壯山河”、“碧血千秋(qiu)”、“保(bao)國為(wei)民(min)”匾(bian)額(e)，均為(wei)木刻。烈士(shi)祠(ci)內(nei)鑲嵌著刻有250名烈士(shi)姓名和青(qing)城(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)政府(fu)、縣(xian)(xian)大隊、各界建國聯合會暨全(quan)體人民(min)合致碑文(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)石碑。在(zai)“文(wen)(wen)革(ge)”中(zhong)(zhong)，文(wen)(wen)昌(chang)(chang)閣(ge)又遭受破(po)(po)壞。中(zhong)(zhong)共十一(yi)界三中(zhong)(zhong)全(quan)會以來，隨(sui)著農村經濟的(de)(de)發展，文(wen)(wen)昌(chang)(chang)閣(ge)也獲(huo)得(de)了新生(sheng)。1979年(nian)(nian)，高(gao)青(qing)縣(xian)(xian)公布了青(qing)城(cheng)文(wen)(wen)昌(chang)(chang)閣(ge)等(deng)8處縣(xian)(xian)級重點文(wen)(wen)物(wu)保(bao)護(hu)單位(wei)。1981年(nian)(nian)8月(yue)，省(sheng)撥(bo)款1萬元對青(qing)城(cheng)文(wen)(wen)昌(chang)(chang)閣(ge)進行維修(xiu)。1992年(nian)(nian)高(gao)城(cheng)鎮人民(min)政府(fu)又組織修(xiu)整。這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)工程引起海(hai)外僑胞的(de)(de)關注，捐(juan)來錢物(wu)予以支持。在(zai)海(hai)外游子的(de)(de)心目(mu)中(zhong)(zhong)，文(wen)(wen)昌(chang)(chang)閣(ge)不僅是青(qing)城(cheng)的(de)(de)象征，也是祖國的(de)(de)象征。不管(guan)走得(de)有多遠，不管(guan)離(li)家多少年(nian)(nian)，他們的(de)(de)根永遠留在(zai)了這(zhe)(zhe)片土地上。

如今，已(yi)經成為山東(dong)省重點文(wen)(wen)物保護單位的(de)文(wen)(wen)昌閣修葺一(yi)新，光彩照人，已(yi)經成為黃河南岸、魯北(bei)平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)上一(yi)道(dao)亮(liang)麗的(de)風景(jing)。到青城文(wen)(wen)昌閣一(yi)游，仰(yang)視凌空高閣的(de)壯觀(guan)，俯瞰(kan)魯北(bei)平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)的(de)美(mei)景(jing)，定會有一(yi)番新的(de)感受。