介紹
楚長城西起湖北省竹溪縣,跨漢水輾轉至河南的鄧州市,往北經內鄉縣(xian)(xian)(xian),再向東北經魯山縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、南(nan)(nan)召縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、葉(xie)(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian),跨過沙河直達(da)泌(mi)(mi)陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian),總長(chang)500多公里(li),是(shi)我(wo)國最早(zao)的(de)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。最早(zao)修筑長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)是(shi)楚(chu)國。從現(xian)存遺址的(de)實(shi)際情況看,又較為復雜,楚(chu)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)并不是(shi)單一的(de)線(xian)(xian)路,除北面南(nan)(nan)召至魯兩縣(xian)(xian)(xian)間是(shi)單一線(xian)(xian)路外(wai),東線(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)西線(xian)(xian)又各有(you)內線(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)外(wai)線(xian)(xian),東西兩線(xian)(xian)形成四條線(xian)(xian)路。 確(que)定(ding)的(de)楚(chu)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻體(ti)30.51公里(li),被(bei)歷代破壞(huai)而(er)消(xiao)失的(de)楚(chu)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻體(ti)約25.37公里(li)、山險81.34公里(li),共計137.22公里(li)。此外(wai),調查(cha)(cha)和(he)(he)發掘(jue)確(que)定(ding)了方城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)大關口和(he)(he)泌(mi)(mi)陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)象(xiang)河關等(deng)楚(chu)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)關堡2個,葉(xie)(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)保安(an)鎮前古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、泌(mi)(mi)陽(yang)沙河店古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、付莊古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等(deng)位(wei)于楚(chu)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)線(xian)(xian)上的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址3個。通過此次調查(cha)(cha),目前已基(ji)本掌握了平頂(ding)山市(shi)葉(xie)(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、舞(wu)鋼市(shi)、南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)市(shi)方城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)駐(zhu)馬店市(shi)泌(mi)(mi)陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境內的(de)楚(chu)長(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分布線(xian)(xian)路。
同(tong)地段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)楚(chu)長城特(te)點是(shi)不一(yi)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)。葉縣夏(xia)李鄉(xiang)高樓山(shan)(shan)以(yi)(yi)東及方(fang)城縣楊(yang)樓鄉(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)楚(chu)長城特(te)點一(yi)致,即以(yi)(yi)綿(mian)延(yan)幾十(shi)公里的(de)(de)(de)(de)人工(gong)修筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)墻體(ti)為(wei)主。舞鋼境內的(de)(de)(de)(de)楚(chu)長城則是(shi)山(shan)(shan)險和扼(e)守(shou)山(shan)(shan)谷(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人工(gong)修筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)墻體(ti)相結(jie)合,共同(tong)組(zu)成(cheng)防御(yu)線(xian)。泌陽境內的(de)(de)(de)(de)楚(chu)長城則是(shi)以(yi)(yi)山(shan)(shan)險為(wei)主,以(yi)(yi)關堡或(huo)城址扼(e)守(shou)古(gu)道、關口為(wei)主的(de)(de)(de)(de)防御(yu)形式。