神女峰景區,位于長江三峽巫峽的腹心,是重慶最東緣的著名景區。巫山十二峰(feng)(feng)(feng)分別是(shi):神女(nv)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(望霞(xia))、朝云(yun)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、聚(ju)鶴峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、集(ji)仙(xian)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、翠屏峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、松戀峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、飛鳳峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、登龍峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、圣泉峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、起云(yun)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、上升峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、凈壇峰(feng)(feng)(feng)。每當煙雨蒙蒙,云(yun)氣(qi)升騰,逶(wei)迤飄渺,變化莫測,令人嘆為(wei)觀止。
神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)女(nv)(nv)峰(feng)聞名古今(jin)的(de)原因有(you)三:一(yi)是宋玉(yu)在“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)女(nv)(nv)賦”中(zhong)(zhong)虛構(gou)了(le)一(yi)個楚襄王(wang)與(yu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)女(nv)(nv)幽會的(de)故(gu)事,一(yi)是神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)女(nv)(nv)瑤(yao)(yao)姬(ji)下凡助禹(yu)治(zhi)水的(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo),一(yi)是峰(feng)側確實有(you)一(yi)石聳立,形如少女(nv)(nv)。在中(zhong)(zhong)國古代(dai)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)中(zhong)(zhong),神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)女(nv)(nv)峰(feng)是西(xi)王(wang)母幼女(nv)(nv)瑤(yao)(yao)姬(ji)的(de)化身,曾助夏禹(yu)開鏨河(he)道(dao)排除積水,水患(huan)消除后(hou)(hou)(hou),毅然(ran)決定留(liu)在巫山(shan),為(wei)行(xing)船保平安,因而博得后(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)(ren)尊敬奉祀。根據《巫山(shan)縣志》記載:“赤帝女(nv)(nv)瑤(yao)(yao)姬(ji),未行(xing)而卒,葬于巫山(shan)之陽為(wei)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)女(nv)(nv)。”神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)女(nv)(nv)峰(feng)對岸飛(fei)鳳峰(feng)下現存授書(shu)臺,據說(shuo)是瑤(yao)(yao)姬(ji)授書(shu)夏禹(yu)處。縣城東西(xi)原有(you)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)女(nv)(nv)廟,后(hou)(hou)(hou)來改名凝(ning)真觀。歷代(dai)騷人(ren)(ren)墨(mo)客(ke)都慕名來到神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)女(nv)(nv)峰(feng),為(wei)它寫了(le)許(xu)多(duo)詩詞歌賦。唐代(dai)詩人(ren)(ren)劉禹(yu)錫游神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)女(nv)(nv)廟后(hou)(hou)(hou)賦詩說(shuo):“巫山(shan)十(shi)二(er)郁蒼(cang)蒼(cang),片石亭(ting)亭(ting)號女(nv)(nv)郎(lang)。曉(xiao)霧乍開疑卷幔,山(shan)花欲謝似殘妝。星河(he)好(hao)夜(ye)間清佩,云雨(yu)舊時帶異香。何事神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)仙九天上(shang),人(ren)(ren)間眸就楚襄王(wang)。”李商隱(yin)一(yi)首無(wu)題詩中(zhong)(zhong),有(you)“神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)女(nv)(nv)生涯原是夢”一(yi)句,也是源出于此。
上(shang)(shang)升峰(feng)海拔高度780米。位(wei)于(yu)神女溪(xi)東岸6公里處,七(qi)里塘東側。上(shang)(shang)升峰(feng)山(shan)(shan)勢險峻峭拔,尖峰(feng)高突,巍然屹立。其一角斜上(shang)(shang),飄飄欲飛,直上(shang)(shang)云(yun)霄,猶如巨鳥飛升九(jiu)天。因(yin)(yin)此得名(ming)上(shang)(shang)升峰(feng)。又因(yin)(yin)峰(feng)形似(si)鯤鵬展翅,扶搖直上(shang)(shang),當地百姓又稱它為老鷹巖。到達(da)上(shang)(shang)升峰(feng)頂,可(ke)以遠看萬(wan)里長江,截斷(duan)巫山(shan)(shan)云(yun)雨,一水奔騰,萬(wan)峰(feng)峭拔。還(huan)可(ke)看到大寧河從莽(mang)莽(mang)群(qun)峰(feng)間穿(chuan)行,猶如飄在群(qun)山(shan)(shan)間的銀(yin)帶。
起(qi)(qi)云峰(feng)海(hai)拔高(gao)度720米。位于青石鎮東(dong)側約8公里處,從藍廠巖神女(nv)溪(xi)前(qian)行,過七里塘便到了起(qi)(qi)云峰(feng)。起(qi)(qi)云峰(feng)常年云霧繚繞(rao),云霧常從山(shan)腰由下而上漸次騰起(qi)(qi),變幻無(wu)窮(qiong),是觀(guan)云海(hai)霧山(shan)的好去處。因此(ci)(ci)該(gai)峰(feng)取名(ming)起(qi)(qi)云峰(feng)。歷(li)代詩人(ren)描寫此(ci)(ci)峰(feng)最(zui)多,如其中(zhong)一首是這樣(yang)描寫的:“極目煙(yan)嵐(lan)欲燒(shao)空,蕩(dang)胸石起(qi)(qi)運峰(feng)壁疑翻水。地云云復(fu)起(qi)(qi)奇峰(feng),變幻無(wu)端從此(ci)(ci)始(shi)”。由此(ci)(ci)可見起(qi)(qi)云峰(feng)的美妙壯觀(guan)之處了。
凈(jing)壇峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)位于巫峽南(nan)岸(an)神女溪(xi)南(nan)約(yue)5公(gong)里(li)處的南(nan)廣(guang)巖。離(li)青石鎮約(yue)15公(gong)里(li)。凈(jing)壇峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),萬壑群(qun)山(shan)之(zhi)向,一峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)獨秀而立(li),高數百丈,周長不過千米。山(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)猶如(ru)一個靜坐神壇之(zhi)上(shang)默頌佛(fo)經(jing)的仙(xian)人。蒼樹綠蔓覆蓋峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頂(ding),龍蛇(she)盤旋山(shan)腰(yao),靈芝等各(ge)種(zhong)名(ming)貴藥(yao)材生(sheng)長其間,峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)巒聳翠,一片(pian)奇異景致(zhi)。峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)下有(you)(you)一泓清(qing)潭,水波微微,清(qing)洌(lie)甘甜,峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)上(shang)有(you)(you)一個大平(ping)臺,很(hen)象一處潔靜的祭壇放在龍宮(gong)之(zhi)上(shang)。因此,取名(ming)凈(jing)壇峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)。
凈壇峰下原有(you)一(yi)方(fang)水塘(tang),傳(chuan)說是王母娘娘的七(qi)(qi)個女兒沐浴之處,故稱為(wei)“七(qi)(qi)女塘(tang)”。七(qi)(qi)女塘(tang)中常常會生出白云(yun),由(you)此布起(qi)云(yun)陣(zhen)。七(qi)(qi)女塘(tang)風景(jing)奇麗(li),溪流奇清(qing),高巖壁立,曲徑(jing)通(tong)幽,可謂盈(ying)盈(ying)一(yi)水,折為(wei)九(jiu)曲,每(mei)一(yi)曲彎,都神秘摸測(ce),時(shi)而山窮水盡疑無路,又忽(hu)柳暗花明豁然(ran)通(tong),高峽出平湖。
開車從縣城出(chu)發,中途(tu)乘船抵達神(shen)女峰(feng)腳(jiao)(jiao)下后(hou),又將有多(duo)條路(lu)線(xian)可供選擇。一是從神(shen)女峰(feng)腳(jiao)(jiao)下登(deng)岸(an),沿(yan)著(zhu)陡(dou)峭的山巖攀(pan)登(deng)約(yue)1.5小時(shi)。二是從“神(shen)女”對岸(an)的青石村(cun)上岸(an),再沿(yan)著(zhu)飛鳳峰(feng)、聚鶴峰(feng)攀(pan)登(deng)。