古鎮歷史
清光緒《永(yong)川(chuan)縣志·輿地·山(shan)川(chuan)》記載:“松(song)子(zi)溉(gai)(gai),邑之(zhi)雄鎮(zhen)也。商旅云集,設有水(shui)塘汛(xun),查緝奸盜。又下(xia)曰東(dong)岳(yue)沱(tuo),深數十丈(zhang),石(shi)刻‘澄(cheng)江如練’四字(郡(jun)守陳邦器書)。沱(tuo)上北岸,有后(hou)溪水(shui)來注之(zhi)。東(dong)岳(yue)沱(tuo)之(zhi)前,曰啞巴(ba)溉(gai)(gai),水(shui)最險惡,往來舟子(zi)不敢(gan)作欸乃(nai)聲,故此(ci)以名(ming)。其下(xia)流有巨石(shi)立(li)江邊,形如蝦蟆(ma)。水(shui)漲及蝦蟆(ma)口,船無敢(gan)上下(xia)者。過此(ci)為大磯硇(nao)灘,江流至彼(bi),乃(nai)入江津界。”以境內松(song)子(zi)山(shan)、溉(gai)(gai)(jì)水(shui)取(qu)名(ming)松(song)子(zi)溉(gai)(gai),簡(jian)稱松(song)溉(gai)(gai)。
松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)始建(jian)時間(jian)(jian),無史(shi)籍可考。據清(qing)(qing)嘉慶《四(si)川(chuan)通(tong)志》記載(zai)(zai):南宋陳(chen)鵬飛(字少南,與蘇東(dong)坡、張子昭被譽為(wei)當世注經(jing)“三杰”)因被秦檜誣陷遭(zao)貶(bian),偕妻在此(ci)設(she)館教學。可知當時松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)已有場鎮(zhen)(zhen)。清(qing)(qing)乾隆(long)《永川(chuan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志》記述(shu)的“鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)甲舊里(li)”中的“松(song)(song)(song)子里(li)”,即指此(ci)處。松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)玉皇觀內(nei)明(ming)朝萬歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian)知縣(xian)(xian)(xian)徐先登(deng)德政(zheng)碑文記載(zai)(zai),縣(xian)(xian)(xian)治(zhi)(zhi)曾(ceng)移此(ci)。清(qing)(qing)光緒《永川(chuan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志》載(zai)(zai):清(qing)(qing)順治(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1661年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))知縣(xian)(xian)(xian)趙(zhao)國(guo)顯也設(she)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)治(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)此(ci),招(zhao)撫流亡。康熙四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1665年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))縣(xian)(xian)(xian)治(zhi)(zhi)遷回縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城;清(qing)(qing)乾隆(long)十(shi)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1747年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))曾(ceng)于(yu)此(ci)設(she)總(zong)(zong)爺衙門,與縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城一(yi)樣修有城隍廟(miao);清(qing)(qing)光緒十(shi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1892年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))設(she)把(ba)總(zong)(zong)。民(min)國(guo)初年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),名(ming)(ming)松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)場。民(min)國(guo)22年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1933年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),名(ming)(ming)松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。民(min)國(guo)24年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)名(ming)(ming)松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)聯(lian)保。民(min)國(guo)27年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)新(xin)生活運動總(zong)(zong)會婦(fu)女指導(dao)委員會在此(ci)設(she)立(li)紡織實驗區(qu),名(ming)(ming)松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)實驗鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),實行廠(chang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)合一(yi),廠(chang)長兼鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)長。民(min)國(guo)29年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),名(ming)(ming)松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)鎮(zhen)(zhen),直(zhi)至永川(chuan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)解放(fang)。解放(fang)初,成立(li)鎮(zhen)(zhen)人民(min)政(zheng)府,1951年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)劃出鎮(zhen)(zhen)屬農村部分建(jian)立(li)松(song)(song)(song)江(jiang)(jiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),1953年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)松(song)(song)(song)江(jiang)(jiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)劃為(wei)松(song)(song)(song)江(jiang)(jiang)、新(xin)華兩個鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)兩鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)合并(bing)(bing)仍為(wei)松(song)(song)(song)江(jiang)(jiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)合并(bing)(bing)建(jian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)江(jiang)(jiang)公(gong)社。1963年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)社分開。1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)合并(bing)(bing)為(wei)松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)公(gong)社。1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)分為(wei)松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)和(he)松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)公(gong)社。1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)公(gong)社改為(wei)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。1986年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)合并(bing)(bing)建(jian)松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)鎮(zhen)(zhen),至1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),均屬何埂區(qu)。1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)“撤(che)區(qu)并(bing)(bing)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)建(jian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)”,松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)與聚(ju)美鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)合并(bing)(bing)組(zu)建(jian)松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)鎮(zhen)(zhen),屬永川(chuan)市管轄。1994年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)(yue)(yue)恢復聚(ju)美鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)(yue),撤(che)銷(xiao)聚(ju)美鎮(zhen)(zhen),將原(yuan)聚(ju)美鎮(zhen)(zhen)保勝(sheng)、魚嶺(ling)、打魚三個行政(zheng)村劃歸松(song)(song)(song)溉(gai)(gai)鎮(zhen)(zhen)。
歷史上的(de)(de)松(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai),是永川(chuan)、榮昌(chang)、隆昌(chang)、瀘州(zhou)、銅(tong)梁、大足、內(nei)江(jiang)一(yi)帶商(shang)(shang)賈來(lai)往重慶(qing)販運(yun)和做生(sheng)(sheng)意(yi)的(de)(de)物資(zi)集散樞紐(niu)。水路(lu)(lu)有上、中(zhong)、下三個碼頭,江(jiang)上來(lai)往船只川(chuan)流不(bu)息。陸路(lu)(lu)運(yun)輸方式主要是馬(ma)(ma)幫,從各縣境內(nei)運(yun)貨至此的(de)(de)馬(ma)(ma)和騾子每日近千匹,在老(lao)街(jie)上熙熙攘攘,絡(luo)繹不(bu)絕。為馬(ma)(ma)幫服務的(de)(de)行業(ye)—馬(ma)(ma)房也(ye)應運(yun)而生(sheng)(sheng),昌(chang)盛時達20多家。隨著公路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)建(jian)成(cheng),馬(ma)(ma)房逐步衰落,直至1978年(nian),最后(hou)一(yi)家馬(ma)(ma)房才關(guan)閉。松(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)當年(nian)人(ren)口(kou)逾五(wu)萬人(ren),水路(lu)(lu)繁忙、商(shang)(shang)號林立、市場(chang)(chang)繁榮,故(gu)有“白日千人(ren)拱手(shou),入夜萬盞明燈(deng)”之(zhi)說。抗戰時期,國(guo)民政府“新生(sheng)(sheng)活運(yun)動(dong)總會(hui)(hui)(hui)”所屬“新生(sheng)(sheng)活婦女指導(dao)委員會(hui)(hui)(hui)”曾將(jiang)松(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)劃(hua)為“實驗(yan)鄉—紡織(zhi)實驗(yan)區”,開辦“新運(yun)動(dong)紡織(zhi)廠”和農場(chang)(chang)。“新生(sheng)(sheng)活婦女指導(dao)委員會(hui)(hui)(hui)”主任(ren)委員宋(song)美齡(ling)曾親(qin)臨松(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)視察。鎮內(nei)擁有十(shi)里青石板路(lu)(lu),松(song)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)老(lao)街(jie)蜿蜓曲折,漫步其(qi)間,仍(reng)能感受到濃郁(yu)的(de)(de)古(gu)樸韻(yun)味(wei)。其(qi)老(lao)街(jie)總長約(yue)十(shi)華里,雄居(ju)重慶(qing)古(gu)鎮之(zhi)首。有明清時代四合院、雕樓(lou)(lou)、吊腳樓(lou)(lou)、古(gu)縣衙、皇帝御(yu)批祠堂—羅家祠堂、夫子墳(fen)、陳公堰等(deng)一(yi)批歷史文化(hua)遺跡。賽龍舟、龍燈(deng)、腰鼓(gu)、錢(qian)槍(qiang)等(deng)民俗表演(yan),也(ye)別(bie)具特色。
目(mu)前松溉古鎮(zhen)算不上成熟(shu)的(de)(de)景點(dian),但保留著相當(dang)一(yi)部分古樸的(de)(de)建筑,也有一(yi)部分建筑經(jing)過修繕或者(zhe)根(gen)據考(kao)證以及仿(fang)古修建。除了(le)古鎮(zhen)古樸的(de)(de)民(min)俗風(feng)格(ge)外,古鎮(zhen)的(de)(de)羅家(jia)祠堂、陳(chen)家(jia)大院、永川縣衙都是值得一(yi)看的(de)(de)單元。
羅(luo)(luo)(luo)家祠(ci)堂,祠(ci)堂部分根據原(yuan)貌(mao)進(jin)行(xing)修繕,外面的(de)戲臺和觀眾席(xi)是現(xian)代(dai)重(zhong)新(xin)修造。祠(ci)堂現(xian)由羅(luo)(luo)(luo)家的(de)宗孫進(jin)行(xing)看護,據說(shuo),每年的(de)清明(ming)節,羅(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)家族將(jiang)會在(zai)這里舉(ju)辦羅(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)宗親會,以祭奠祖先。在(zai)祠(ci)堂內擺(bai)放著從(cong)羅(luo)(luo)(luo)氏(shi)始祖到十六世的(de)先人的(de)靈位。據介紹,羅(luo)(luo)(luo)家祠(ci)堂還在(zai)不斷(duan)進(jin)行(xing)完(wan)善。
陳家大院,是(shi)一(yi)個原汁原味的四合院,據(ju)了解這里是(shi)著名影(ying)星(xing)陳沖的祖(zu)籍(ji)所在地,院內專設陳列(lie)室供游客觀(guan)賞。
永川縣衙,是(shi)一個現代(dai)修建的建筑群,因為據(ju)考證古代(dai)永川縣衙就位于(yu)這里,現代(dai)人就仿造古代(dai)建筑,修建了縣衙這個古建筑群。
主要景點編輯
羅(luo)家祠(ci)(ci)堂(tang)位于(yu)松(song)子山街邊,始建(jian)于(yu)明朝(chao)洪武年(nian)(nian)間。清(qing)“乾(qian)隆”年(nian)(nian)間,四川解元,時任黔南(nan)太守(shou)、貴西巡道的(de)羅(luo)文思,倡議(yi)擴(kuo)建(jian)祠(ci)(ci)堂(tang)。他寫(xie)信給時任甘肅泰(tai)州(zhou)清(qing)水知縣的(de)羅(luo)奇(qi)(qi)英,得(de)到大(da)力支持(chi)。羅(luo)奇(qi)(qi)英為羅(luo)氏第十四代傳人(ren)。在(zai)羅(luo)奇(qi)(qi)英的(de)主持(chi)下,乾(qian)隆四十年(nian)(nian)開(kai)始在(zai)松(song)溉松(song)子山擴(kuo)建(jian)祠(ci)(ci)堂(tang),歷時三年(nian)(nian),于(yu)乾(qian)隆四十三年(nian)(nian)擴(kuo)建(jian)完成。取名(ming)“世德(de)堂(tang)”,距今已400多年(nian)(nian)了。
羅家(jia)祠(ci)堂(tang)建(jian)成后,時逢當朝皇(huang)(huang)帝派出的(de)八府(fu)巡(xun)案溯(su)江而上往瀘州,行至松溉,見(jian)建(jian)祠(ci)人是(shi)他的(de)老師,遂贈扁題詞(ci)“羅府(fu)祠(ci)堂(tang)”。匾長2.8尺(chi),寬(kuan)1.2尺(chi),“羅府(fu)祠(ci)堂(tang)”四字兩(liang)邊是(shi)金龍。這塊匾至今尚存在(zai)。據知(zhi)在(zai)羅家(jia)祠(ci)堂(tang)內,原來橫掛著明(ming)皇(huang)(huang)賜的(de)“家(jia)法匾”,用以管教族人。
現存(cun)的羅家祠(ci)堂(tang)(tang)全貌較(jiao)好,是(shi)保(bao)存(cun)完好的一(yi)座(zuo)祠(ci)堂(tang)(tang)。正殿八根大柱,柱腳石(shi)(shi)墩雕刻的花草(cao)、鳥獸、石(shi)(shi)龍、人(ren)物仍清(qing)晰顯現,橫(heng)梁(liang)(liang)木質(zhi)串架完好,正殿兩側是(shi)古磚所砌的高風(feng)火墻,正殿房頂四角(jiao)斗翹,每個翹角(jiao)塑有(you)一(yi)條龍,正殿兩側修有(you)廂(xiang)房各幾間(jian),石(shi)(shi)拱卷(juan)門,門坊橫(heng)石(shi)(shi)梁(liang)(liang)上也(ye)雕有(you)花草(cao)、人(ren)物,十分別致。正殿前面是(shi)長方形石(shi)(shi)壩(ba)子一(yi)塊。前面有(you)一(yi)座(zuo)木質(zhi)戲臺,正殿后邊(bian)的殿堂(tang)(tang)是(shi)供奉(feng)羅氏歷代祖宗的神主(zhu)牌位。這也(ye)類似(si)明(ming)、清(qing)四合院的建(jian)筑結構(gou)修建(jian)。
解放(fang)后,根據《中華人(ren)(ren)民(min)共和國土地使用法》有關規定,羅(luo)(luo)府祠(ci)堂(tang)被征用,作(zuo)為(wei)糧倉。為(wei)恢復羅(luo)(luo)府祠(ci)堂(tang)原貌,在(zai)當代企業家(jia)(jia)羅(luo)(luo)樹(shu)林的倡導(dao)下,成立(li)了羅(luo)(luo)氏(shi)會館領導(dao)班子(zi),募(mu)集(ji)資金。此舉得到松溉鎮黨(dang)委、政(zheng)府的大力支持,在(zai)2007年(nian)清明節前(qian)修(xiu)復了祠(ci)堂(tang)正(zheng)殿。并通知川、黔(qian)、渝等地羅(luo)(luo)姓后人(ren)(ren)來松溉祭(ji)奠掃墓,兩天(tian)內聚集(ji)羅(luo)(luo)姓家(jia)(jia)族多達2000人(ren)(ren),聲勢浩大地舉行了對(dui)前(qian)輩崇敬的祭(ji)祀典(dian)禮(li),請劇團、秧(yang)歌、腰鼓隊,為(wei)慶典(dian)增添(tian)了喜慶。
天井起(qi)到(dao)將自然光和(he)新風引入室內的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用,但其(qi)更深層次(ci)的(de)(de)(de)意(yi)義(yi)在于營造共享(xiang)空(kong)間的(de)(de)(de)聚合氛圍(wei)和(he)室內小環境景觀的(de)(de)(de)優化作(zuo)用。下(xia)雨時節,在這樣的(de)(de)(de)內堂里觀雨不(bu)用淋(lin)濕的(de)(de)(de)感(gan)覺又是怎樣一番風味呢?