中渡(du)古(gu)(gu)(gu)鎮,建鎮于孫甘露元年(nian)(nian)(公元265年(nian)(nian)),距今將近2000年(nian)(nian)歷史(shi),有(you)“文(wen)化(hua)(hua)古(gu)(gu)(gu)鎮,旅(lv)游鄉鎮”之(zhi)(zhi)美稱。境(jing)內(nei)有(you)以香橋(qiao)巖國家地質公園(yuan)為(wei)中心的九龍洞、響水瀑布、鷹(ying)山、洛(luo)江古(gu)(gu)(gu)榕(rong)等自然(ran)風光,以一方保(bao)障、香橋(qiao)石(shi)刻、武廟等為(wei)代(dai)表的洛(luo)江文(wen)化(hua)(hua),在區內(nei)外享(xiang)有(you)盛(sheng)名。鎮上的古(gu)(gu)(gu)民(min)居群(qun)(qun)是廣西目前(qian)為(wei)數不多并保(bao)存完好的古(gu)(gu)(gu)代(dai)民(min)居群(qun)(qun)之(zhi)(zhi)一。中渡(du)古(gu)(gu)(gu)民(min)居群(qun)(qun)建于清代(dai)中期,房屋一律青磚灰瓦,木質構架,古(gu)(gu)(gu)色古(gu)(gu)(gu)香。中渡(du)古(gu)(gu)(gu)鎮由(you)東西南北(bei)四條街劃分,設四扇城(cheng)門,除古(gu)(gu)(gu)民(min)居外,還(huan)有(you)很(hen)多保(bao)存較好的舊商號(hao)、舊客棧等。武廟、中渡(du)撫民(min)廳、中渡(du)縣(xian)參(can)議(yi)會(hui)和粵(yue)東會(hui)館等歷史(shi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)建筑坐落其(qi)中,更是完整地反映了古(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)的歷史(shi)風貌。
鐘秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)杰故(gu)居位于中渡(du)(du)南街(jie)古民居群落中。鐘秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)杰(1877--1941),中渡(du)(du)鎮南街(jie)人。光緒二十三年(nian)(1897年(nian))考秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)才時,名列榜(bang)首;1899年(nian)東渡(du)(du)日(ri)本(ben)(ben)考察維新之(zhi)道(dao),并入日(ri)本(ben)(ben)警政學(xue)(xue)校學(xue)(xue)習警務(wu),常(chang)與馬(ma)君武等(deng)人接觸,討論救國(guo)(guo)之(zhi)策(ce);1905年(nian)鐘秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)杰加入孫中山在東京成立之(zhi)中國(guo)(guo)同(tong)(tong)盟會(hui),成為中國(guo)(guo)同(tong)(tong)盟會(hui)最早會(hui)員之(zhi)一;1907年(nian)奉(feng)孫中山之(zhi)命回國(guo)(guo),參加同(tong)(tong)盟會(hui)廣(guang)西支部(bu)活動(dong),同(tong)(tong)時在廣(guang)西巡警道(dao)署任(ren)(ren)職,兼在廣(guang)西警察學(xue)(xue)堂(tang)及(ji)陸(lu)軍測量(liang)學(xue)(xue)堂(tang)執(zhi)教。民國(guo)(guo)5年(nian)(1916年(nian))討袁護國(guo)(guo)時,鐘秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)杰南下廣(guang)州(zhou)大元帥府任(ren)(ren)職;1921年(nian),鐘秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)杰擔任(ren)(ren)中渡(du)(du)知事,為革除以往縣(xian)(xian)政積(ji)弊,廢除苛捐(juan)雜稅(shui),深得民心。鐘秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)杰還擔任(ren)(ren)過馬(ma)平(ping)縣(xian)(xian)(今(jin)柳(liu)江縣(xian)(xian))及(ji)宜(yi)山縣(xian)(xian)(今(jin)宜(yi)州(zhou)市(shi))縣(xian)(xian)長,慶遠區稅(shui)捐(juan)稽征局(ju)長等(deng)職。
明末清初,中渡由撫(fu)民廳降為縣(xian)治,縣(xian)治設(she)在洛江(jiang)河畔的(de)中間渡口(kou),(相(xiang)對于舊縣(xian)渡口(kou)和(he)新縣(xian)渡口(kou)而言)。因(yin)此地(di)水路(lu)交通方便,到此定居謀生的(de)人(ren)(ren)逐漸(jian)增多,江(jiang)西籍(ji)商人(ren)(ren)和(he)廣(guang)東籍(ji)商人(ren)(ren)修建江(jiang)西會館(已毀)和(he)粵(yue)東會館,作為商人(ren)(ren)聚集和(he)旅居、停留場所。
清光年(nian)(nian)間(jian),兩廣(guang)總督岑春煊(xuan),廣(guang)西巡撫(fu)(fu)張鳴岐聯(lian)銜奏請設立撫(fu)(fu)民(min)(min)廳(ting)(廳(ting)的行政級別介乎州縣之間(jian),比縣高半(ban)級,比州低半(ban)級)。清光緒(xu)三十二年(nian)(nian)(1906年(nian)(nian))光緒(xu)皇(huang)帝特準設立中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)撫(fu)(fu)民(min)(min)廳(ting),撫(fu)(fu)民(min)(min)廳(ting)職能側重(zhong)于(yu)軍(jun)事,即剿(jiao)撫(fu)(fu)相濟,任命陳嵩灃為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)撫(fu)(fu)民(min)(min)廳(ting)同(tong)知(zhi)(正(zheng)印官,從六品官階)掌理中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)撫(fu)(fu)民(min)(min)廳(ting)防務,統轄桂防軍(jun)正(zheng)、副(fu)2營。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)撫(fu)(fu)民(min)(min)廳(ting)官署設在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)鎮北街82號。老百姓(xing)習慣稱之為(wei)武衙門。民(min)(min)國25年(nian)(nian)(公元1936年(nian)(nian))為(wei)國民(min)(min)黨中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)縣縣黨部。1951年(nian)(nian),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國人(ren)民(min)(min)解放軍(jun)進駐中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)城剿(jiao)匪(fei),解放軍(jun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)渡(du)(du)支隊(dui)司令部設置于(yu)此。
中(zhong)(zhong)渡縣(xian)參(can)(can)(can)議會(hui)成立(li)于民(min)(min)(min)國(guo)(guo)二十四年(nian)(公元(yuan)1935年(nian)),是中(zhong)(zhong)渡縣(xian)民(min)(min)(min)意機(ji)構(gou)。參(can)(can)(can)議會(hui)評(ping)論員名額(e)每(mei)鄉選出(chu)1人,商會(hui)、教育會(hui)、農(nong)會(hui)、婦女會(hui)等地方職業團體(ti)組織各選出(chu)1人。參(can)(can)(can)議會(hui)設議長(chang)1人,秘書1人,2—3名辦事員。民(min)(min)(min)國(guo)(guo)三十八年(nian)(公元(yuan)1949年(nian))中(zhong)(zhong)渡縣(xian)參(can)(can)(can)議會(hui)撤銷。
羅(luo)(luo)公館是清(qing)代光緒年(nian)間(jian)清(qing)軍管帶羅(luo)(luo)舉之于(yu)民國(guo)三年(nian)(公元1914年(nian))所建造(zao)。其子羅(luo)(luo)浩忠民國(guo)時期曾任浙江(jiang)省第3區(qu)行(xing)政(zheng)督察專員(yuan)兼中將(jiang)保安司(si)令、廣(guang)西柳州行(xing)政(zheng)督察專員(yuan)兼中將(jiang)保安司(si)令,亦(yi)稱(cheng)羅(luo)(luo)浩忠官邸。
清(qing)(qing)朝咸豐(feng)元年(公(gong)元1851年),在廣(guang)西桂平(ping)(ping)金田村,天王洪秀全(quan)發動了以推翻(fan)清(qing)(qing)政(zheng)府的“太(tai)平(ping)(ping)天國”農民起義,戰爭波及到(dao)全(quan)國10多個(ge)省。為(wei)保(bao)衛城防,清(qing)(qing)咸豐(feng)二(er)年(公(gong)元1852年),清(qing)(qing)當地政(zheng)府在中(zhong)渡(du)城制高點西眉山頂修(xiu)筑炮樓。古炮樓分兩層(ceng)。一層(ceng)用(yong)山石(shi)砌成(cheng),基(ji)礎用(yong)混合(he)灰砂夯(hang)實;二(er)層(ceng)為(wei)青磚木板樓結構,設有瞭望孔、炮孔、槍孔等。
洛容縣(xian)城古城墻(qiang)(qiang)遺址原為洛容縣(xian)古城的護城墻(qiang)(qiang)。城墻(qiang)(qiang)由鷹山背(bei)(中(zhong)渡城隍廟)沿山脊到鷹山山頭(tou),尚(shang)保存(cun)石砌城墻(qiang)(qiang)100余(yu)米,其中(zhong)完好的約70米。唐、宋時(shi)期,萬歷三年(1575年)正月(yue)遷(qian)入靈塘(雒容鎮)。
中渡武(wu)廟(miao)位于中渡古鎮上,建于清朝時期,距(ju)今已(yi)有(you)200多年歷史。廟(miao)宇青磚灰瓦,造形(xing)和設計(ji)充分體現了(le)清代的(de)建筑風格。廟(miao)塑有(you)關羽、關平、周倉(cang)等神(shen)像,具(ju)有(you)較高(gao)的(de)藝(yi)術和審(shen)美價(jia)值(zhi)。
中(zhong)渡城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)舊址位(wei)于鷹(ying)山背,為(wei)洛容古縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)護(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)廟(miao)(miao)(miao),約建于宋(song)朝(chao)時期,相(xiang)傳在清朝(chao)光(guang)緒(xu)10年,北京城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內太(tai)和殿失火(huo)(huo)。中(zhong)渡城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)前往救火(huo)(huo),太(tai)和殿上空(kong)出(chu)現(xian)“鷹(ying)山城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)”燈籠一(yi)(yi)對(dui)。火(huo)(huo)滅后(hou),光(guang)緒(xu)皇帝(di)念其救火(huo)(huo)有(you)功,遂賜木匾一(yi)(yi)塊掛入中(zhong)渡城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)內,匾上刻有(you)玉璽、龍頭。后(hou)在民國年間,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)徹底被毀,群眾(zhong)便把城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)塑像移到中(zhong)渡武(wu)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)內。
摩(mo)崖石刻“一(yi)方保障(zhang)”是記述(shu)明(ming)(ming)朝萬歷年間,明(ming)(ming)王(wang)朝鎮壓瑤族(zu)起義的(de)文治武功。透過歷史的(de)云煙,穿越(yue)時光(guang)隧道,仿(fang)佛(fo)看到(dao)了瑤族(zu)同胞(bao)為(wei)反抗明(ming)(ming)王(wang)朝的(de)血腥統(tong)治,浴血奮戰的(de)慘烈情景。
自(zi)駕從鹿寨汽車總(zong)站到通寶路二巷--飛鹿大(da)道(dao),從飛鹿大(da)道(dao)到X603--X603,從X603到中渡鎮。