黃紹(shao)竑(hong)故居位于容縣黎村鎮珊萃(cui)村,是(shi)(shi)一間古(gu)樸(pu)的民間建(jian)筑,在(zai)清(qing)代中葉由其父親黃玉梁所建(jian),磚木結構,無雕梁畫棟。四座(zuo)五開間,兩(liang)邊為重橫(heng)廊,后座(zuo)設有炮樓,作為了望臺。平面呈“富”字形。圍(wei)墻(qiang)外為一約5畝闊的水塘(現為稻田)。整(zheng)幢建(jian)筑布局嚴謹、整(zheng)齊,頗具特色。黃紹(shao)竑(hong)故居是(shi)(shi)研究我國近(jin)現代史、建(jian)筑史等方面的重要實(shi)物史料,它的歷史、科學、藝(yi)術(shu)價值正逐漸為歷史專家所認可。
2006年(nian)5月25日,黃紹竑故居(ju)被國務院公布為全(quan)國重(zhong)點文物保(bao)護單位(wei)。
黃紹(shao)竑(hong)(1895—1966),國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)黨中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)將(jiang)加上將(jiang)銜(xian),戰(zhan)區副(fu)司令(ling)(ling)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)。又(you)名紹(shao)雄,字季(ji)寬,廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)容縣人(ren)。早年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)入(ru)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)陸軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)小學(xue)第(di)(di)(di)四(si)期(qi)(qi),與李(li)宗仁、白崇禧同(tong)學(xue)。1911年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)辛亥革命爆發后(hou)(hou),隨學(xue)生北(bei)伐敢死隊(dui)赴武昌參(can)(can)(can)戰(zhan)。后(hou)(hou)考入(ru)保(bao)定(ding)陸軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)官(guan)(guan)學(xue)校第(di)(di)(di)三(san)期(qi)(qi)步兵科。1916年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)畢業(ye)回廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)陸榮廷部(bu)(bu)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)師任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)職。1917年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)模范營馬曉軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)(bu)連附,同(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)參(can)(can)(can)加護(hu)法運動(dong),升任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)連長(chang)(chang)(chang)。1923年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)16日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)被(bei)(bei)孫中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)命為討賊軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)五師師長(chang)(chang)(chang)。1924年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)作(zuo)(zuo)為李(li)宗仁的代(dai)(dai)表(biao)去(qu)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)商談(tan)兩廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)統一(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)宜(yi)。1925年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)初當(dang)(dang)選(xuan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)黨第(di)(di)(di)二(er)屆(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)候補監(jian)察委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan),同(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)隊(dui)改編為國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)革命軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)(di)七軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)后(hou)(hou),任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)第(di)(di)(di)七軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)黨代(dai)(dai)表(biao),6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)1日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)省政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)主(zhu)席。北(bei)伐戰(zhan)爭時,留守(shou)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。1927年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治會(hui)議廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)州(zhou)(zhou)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治分會(hui)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)。7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)6日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)特任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)。9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)。同(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)應李(li)濟深之請任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)第(di)(di)(di)八(ba)路軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)副(fu)總(zong)指揮,編組了(le)第(di)(di)(di)十五軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang)(chang),在汕(shan)頭、潮州(zhou)(zhou)擊敗賀龍、葉挺率領的南昌起義部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)。1929年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)桂(gui)(gui)系與南京(jing)(jing)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)關(guan)系破裂,11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)黃紹(shao)竑(hong)、李(li)宗仁、白崇禧三(san)人(ren)在廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)成立護(hu)黨救國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),黃任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)副(fu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長(chang)(chang)(chang)兼廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)省省長(chang)(chang)(chang)。1930年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)支持反蔣的中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原大(da)戰(zhan)。大(da)戰(zhan)失敗后(hou)(hou),佳(jia)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)殘(can)部(bu)(bu)退回廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。此時黃脫(tuo)離(li)桂(gui)(gui)系,去(qu)南京(jing)(jing)面見過(guo)蔣介石后(hou)(hou)赴香港(gang)、菲律賓旅行。1932年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)18日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan),5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)3日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)內政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)部(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang),7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)1日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)兼代(dai)(dai)交通部(bu)(bu)部(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)。1933年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)北(bei)平軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)分會(hui)參(can)(can)(can)謀(mou)團參(can)(can)(can)謀(mou)長(chang)(chang)(chang),5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)北(bei)平政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)務整(zheng)理(li)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan),同(tong)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)方作(zuo)(zuo)外交交涉(she)。1934年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)12日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)浙(zhe)江省政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)主(zhu)席。1935年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)選(xuan)為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)黨第(di)(di)(di)五屆(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)監(jian)察委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)。1936年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)2日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)湖北(bei)省政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)主(zhu)席、全(quan)省保(bao)安司令(ling)(ling)。1937年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)廬(lu)山軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)官(guan)(guan)訓(xun)練(lian)團總(zong)隊(dui)長(chang)(chang)(chang)。蘆溝(gou)橋(qiao)事(shi)變后(hou)(hou),任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)部(bu)(bu)(作(zuo)(zuo)戰(zhan))部(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang),8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)調任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)戰(zhan)區副(fu)司令(ling)(ling)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan),9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)2日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)將(jiang)加上將(jiang)銜(xian)。同(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)26日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)復(fu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)浙(zhe)江省主(zhu)席。1942年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)28日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)第(di)(di)(di)三(san)戰(zhan)區副(fu)司令(ling)(ling)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)。1946年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)當(dang)(dang)選(xuan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)黨第(di)(di)(di)六屆(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)監(jian)察委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)。1947年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)6日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)監(jian)察院副(fu)院長(chang)(chang)(chang)。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)作(zuo)(zuo)為國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)和(he)談(tan)代(dai)(dai)表(biao),到北(bei)平參(can)(can)(can)加與中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)談(tan)判(pan)。后(hou)(hou)去(qu)香港(gang),發表(biao)聲明脫(tuo)離(li)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu),9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)到北(bei)平出席中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治協(xie)商會(hui)議第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次全(quan)體會(hui)議。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)人(ren)民(min)共(gong)和(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)成立后(hou)(hou),曾任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)務院政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)務委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)、全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)協(xie)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)至(zhi)三(san)屆(jie)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)黨革命委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)常務委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)、和(he)平解放臺(tai)灣(wan)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)副(fu)主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)等(deng)職。1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)劃為右派分子。1966年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)31日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),在北(bei)京(jing)(jing)去(qu)世(shi)。
黃(huang)紹竑故居(ju),位(wei)于容(rong)縣黎村鎮山(shan)嘴村,村子距圩鎮僅僅大約1公里。故居(ju)整幢建筑(zhu)可以(yi)(yi)用以(yi)(yi)下12個(ge)字(zi)來(lai)概括:莊重大方(fang),優雅別(bie)致,頗(po)耐玩(wan)賞(shang)。這幢別(bie)墅不僅僅因為(wei)是(shi)黃(huang)紹竑所建,更因為(wei)黃(huang)紹竑和(he)李宗仁、白(bai)崇禧這三個(ge)在新(xin)桂系中有著舉足輕重地(di)位(wei)的(de)巨頭曾在這里居(ju)住(zhu)了十多天,與眾將(jiang)士圖謀東山(shan)再起,而(er)顯得(de)具有特別(bie)重要的(de)紀(ji)念意義。
黃(huang)紹(shao)竑祖(zu)墳(fen)在容縣黎(li)村(cun)珊萃的石印(yin)沖(chong)地名叫松崗書房嶺。立(li)子午兼癸丁二爻。石印(yin)山脈(mo)西(xi)東走向(xiang),黃(huang)紹(shao)竑祖(zu)墳(fen)為(wei)(wei)典型的萬兵拜服格局,氣發于大(da)容山金龍旖旎而來,皆(jie)真龍大(da)盡(jin)之處穴(xue),穴(xue)前(qian)河水(shui)纏繞二十余里,前(qian)面群(qun)山列(lie)隊百里,奈何(he)逆流河水(shui)雖(sui)然(ran)環繞,然(ran)出水(shui)口(kou)為(wei)(wei)為(wei)(wei)病,后脈(mo)雖(sui)橫龍結穴(xue),然(ran)無高大(da)托山做(zuo)樂,故雖(sui)英雄蓋(gai)世,然(ran)卻(que)老年不(bu)得志,根基不(bu)穩,文革自(zi)殺(sha)而逝世。昱安風水(shui)大(da)師認為(wei)(wei)如果黃(huang)紹(shao)竑要求去老家廣西(xi)任職可不(bu)至(zhi)于自(zi)殺(sha),因(yin)為(wei)(wei)西(xi)或南(nan)或西(xi)南(nan)皆(jie)為(wei)(wei)黃(huang)紹(shao)竑的生旺方(fang)向(xiang)。而北(bei)則(ze)是黃(huang)紹(shao)竑的病絕方(fang)向(xiang)。
另外(wai)黃紹(shao)竑(hong)故居(ju)也(ye)(ye)位(wei)于廣(guang)西容縣黎村(cun)鎮珊(shan)萃(cui)村(cun)。珊(shan)萃(cui)村(cun)及(ji)(ji)周圍(wei)的(de)幾個村(cun)子(zi)同處一個大盆地中(zhong),盆地周圍(wei)砂環水繞(rao),藏風聚氣,風水好。地靈人(ren)杰(jie),珊(shan)萃(cui)村(cun)及(ji)(ji)周邊村(cun)子(zi)人(ren)才輩出,官(guan)貴(gui)富(fu)豪多如(ru)辰星。珊(shan)萃(cui)村(cun)背靠(kao)石印(yin)山之落脈(mo),村(cun)子(zi)整體(ti)坐北向南(nan),右后方(fang)(fang)(fang)戌乾方(fang)(fang)(fang)一條(tiao)河(he)水環繞(rao)村(cun)場然后奔至村(cun)子(zi)左前方(fang)(fang)(fang),從乙辰方(fang)(fang)(fang)消出;村(cun)子(zi)右方(fang)(fang)(fang)、前方(fang)(fang)(fang)稍(shao)為空虛蕩散,好在遠方(fang)(fang)(fang)砂水得力(li),但終為不美。黃紹(shao)竑(hong)故居(ju)坐子(zi)向午(wu)兼癸丁,坐周天6度,四進雙重廊,院門在坤位(wei)(院墻今已不存(cun)在)。門前原(yuan)有(you)一個半月形水塘(tang),現(xian)在已成了水田;右前方(fang)(fang)(fang)馬砂方(fang)(fang)(fang)向原(yuan)有(you)一條(tiao)小(xiao)河(he)流(liu)(liu)到宅前再(zai)于宅之左前方(fang)(fang)(fang)乙辰方(fang)(fang)(fang)流(liu)(liu)出,現(xian)在這條(tiao)小(xiao)河(he)也(ye)(ye)消失了。
黃(huang)紹竑(hong)故居與民國時期(qi)許多達(da)官貴(gui)人不(bu)同,它(ta)是(shi)由黃(huang)紹竑(hong)的(de)(de)父親、前清舉人黃(huang)玉梁所建(jian),并不(bu)是(shi)黃(huang)紹竑(hong)發跡(ji)后才衣錦榮歸光宗耀祖的(de)(de),因(yin)而這(zhe)座(zuo)故居他們(men)兄弟姐妹8人全(quan)都有(you)份,建(jian)筑(zhu)風格(ge)也與容(rong)縣(xian)其他將(jiang)軍(jun)的(de)(de)歐式別(bie)墅相異。故居為四(si)進五開間,占地面積(ji)起碼有(you)3000平方以上(shang),主樓是(shi)高三層(ceng)的(de)(de)磚瓦結構,是(shi)一(yi)座(zuo)典型的(de)(de)完全(quan)中(zhong)國風格(ge)的(de)(de)地主大莊園。據附(fu)近村(cun)民介紹,黃(huang)紹竑(hong)故居周圍上(shang)百畝的(de)(de)土(tu)地當年(nian)全(quan)是(shi)黃(huang)家的(de)(de),只是(shi)解放后連同故居一(yi)起被(bei)村(cun)民瓜分,可見黃(huang)家早就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)富甲一(yi)方的(de)(de)名門望族(zu)。這(zhe)也就(jiu)(jiu)可以理解,黃(huang)紹竑(hong)當年(nian)敢于豪奪其容(rong)縣(xian)老(lao)鄉馬曉(xiao)軍(jun)的(de)(de)軍(jun)權,且一(yi)大批年(nian)長(chang)于他的(de)(de)著名將(jiang)領,如黃(huang)旭(xu)初、夏威、韋(wei)云(yun)淞等都終生甘愿臣服于他。
黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑(hong)的房子(zi)在(zai)解放(fang)后除中間的廳(ting)堂外,其余全被分(fen)給村(cun)民。現在(zai)整(zheng)座故居已經破爛不堪(kan),無人居住,但是名分(fen)上(shang)還是屬于土改時(shi)有份瓜分(fen)的各個村(cun)民。聽旁邊的村(cun)民說,如果(guo)政(zheng)府要(yao)回收這座故居,必須要(yao)花錢(qian)(qian)從他們手上(shang)買下來。黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑(hong)的子(zi)女、侄子(zi)女都不愿出錢(qian)(qian)維修。由于故居規模太(tai)大,不是十萬幾(ji)萬就能解決問(wen)題,所以當地政(zheng)府也遲(chi)遲(chi)下不了決心(xin)將(jiang)其修復。
黃紹竑(hong)故居內部建(jian)設(she)雄偉,前有(you)護(hu)院,后有(you)炮(pao)樓(lou),但只因(yin)年久失修,已到(dao)處是殘墻(qiang)破壁,包括屋(wu)內到(dao)處野草叢生(sheng)。由(you)于內墻(qiang)大都是土磚墻(qiang),很多瓦面破爛,泥墻(qiang)被雨(yu)水淋垮了多處。而(er)后炮(pao)樓(lou)大部分都被當作(zuo)牛欄用,東(dong)邊一間則被拆掉改建(jian),長期被用作(zuo)牛欄。
黃紹竑故居(ju)(ju)由于年(nian)久失修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu),多間房屋(wu)(wu)倒塌(ta),房頂(ding)透(tou)光漏(lou)雨。為了(le)保(bao)護(hu)這一全國重點文(wen)物保(bao)護(hu)單(dan)位,2011年(nian)3月(yue),國家曾撥款80萬元(yuan)對(dui)黃紹竑故居(ju)(ju)進行第一期維修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu),主要對(dui)門樓(lou)、墻體、東西橫(heng)屋(wu)(wu)前(qian)三間進行修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)繕。自2010年(nian)12月(yue)開(kai)始,容(rong)縣博(bo)物館組織人(ren)力物力對(dui)黃紹竑故居(ju)(ju)實施第二期維修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu),投資(zi)149萬元(yuan),主要修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)繕房屋(wu)(wu)的中(zhong)座、后座、炮樓(lou)、屋(wu)(wu)面、墻體、地面及(ji)環境整(zheng)治。該修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)繕工程預計2012年(nian)9月(yue)竣(jun)工。屆時,一座“嶄新(xin)”的黃紹竑故居(ju)(ju)將展現(xian)在人(ren)們面前(qian)。
“八(ba)千里路(lu)(lu)云(yun)和(he)(he),月圓今夕光天表。獅(shi)醍未睡,魚蒼隱(yin)約(yue),賓來(lai)遠道。兩浙(zhe)機(ji)樞,一(yi)時(shi)際會,相逢歡笑(xiao)!想鄂王豪氣(qi),功名塵土(tu),都(dou)當作(zuo),狂吟藁。五十人生(sheng)(sheng)猶早(zao),正(zheng)中天,奮飛鵬鳥。渡江(jiang)萬楫,投(tou)鞭填(tian)海,扶桑遍(bian)繞(rao)。整頓(dun)湖(hu)山(shan),那時(shi)愿了(le),共舒懷(huai)抱。作(zuo)長虹痛飲,鑒湖(hu)美酒,壽吾同好。”1943年(nian)(nian)(nian)秋,正(zheng)值黃紹(shao)竑先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)49歲生(sheng)(sheng)辰,這首詞是他于云(yun)和(he)(he)公館(guan)內豪情滿(man)懷(huai)和(he)(he)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)府(fu)秘(mi)書處同仁所作(zuo)。黃紹(shao)竑公館(guan)位于云(yun)和(he)(he)鎮城南瓦窯村的(de)云(yun)和(he)(he)職業(ye)技術學校校園內,建于抗(kang)戰時(shi)期(qi)的(de)民國(guo)三(san)(san)十三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1944),為(wei)時(shi)任浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)政府(fu)主(zhu)席(xi)黃紹(shao)竑先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)駐云(yun)和(he)(he)期(qi)間(jian)臨時(shi)辦公、生(sheng)(sheng)活的(de)官邸。1942年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月28日(ri)(ri),日(ri)(ri)寇發(fa)動浙(zhe)東事(shi)變,興(xing)師十萬,兵分(fen)三(san)(san)路(lu)(lu),會攻衢州,金華、蘭(lan)溪先(xian)后陷(xian)落,省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)政府(fu)從永康方巖撤至(zhi)云(yun)和(he)(he)。7月,時(shi)任浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)政府(fu)主(zhu)席(xi)兼第(di)三(san)(san)戰區副(fu)司令長官黃紹(shao)竑遷駐云(yun)和(he)(he)縣(xian),曾先(xian)后駐扎在(zai)小(xiao)順(shun)(shun)浙(zhe)江(jiang)鐵工廠附近山(shan)邊、黃紹(shao)竑公館(guan)(現(xian)云(yun)和(he)(he)縣(xian)職高校內)、云(yun)和(he)(he)縣(xian)城鯉(li)魚山(shan)前(qian)鄭家祠堂(現(xian)址(zhi)為(wei)云(yun)和(he)(he)農業(ye)銀(yin)行宿舍(she))等(deng)處。黃紹(shao)竑在(zai)云(yun)期(qi)間(jian)創辦小(xiao)順(shun)(shun)鐵工廠,創辦《浙(zhe)江(jiang)日(ri)(ri)報》,維修(xiu)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)志等(deng),做了(le)大量(liang)實事(shi),并(bing)指揮取得了(le)方山(shan)嶺戰役的(de)勝利(li)。1945年(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(1945年(nian)(nian)(nian)8月15日(ri)(ri)日(ri)(ri)本政府(fu)投(tou)降)遷回(hui)杭州,在(zai)云(yun)和(he)(he)共歷時(shi)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)零四個(ge)月。
黃紹竑公館坐(zuo)北朝南,單層磚木結構建筑,人(ren)字形木屋架,內廊(lang)式通(tong)(tong)道,平(ping)面呈(cheng)凸(tu)字形,面闊30米,進(jin)深(shen)14.1米,建筑占地面積約340平(ping)方米。南面凸(tu)出(chu)部(bu)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)門(men)亭(ting),主樓平(ping)面矩形,從門(men)亭(ting)經通(tong)(tong)道與(yu)當中(zhong)東(dong)西向(xiang)內廊(lang)相通(tong)(tong)。內廊(lang)西部(bu)設門(men)通(tong)(tong)室外,東(dong)部(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)南北向(xiang)的(de)(de)大(da)間(jian)。廊(lang)北側七間(jian),東(dong)第三(san)、四間(jian)之間(jian)有一(yi)(yi)小弄,設門(men)通(tong)(tong)屋后。廊(lang)南側東(dong)部(bu)一(yi)(yi)大(da)間(jian),西部(bu)一(yi)(yi)大(da)間(jian)兩(liang)小間(jian)。屋頂為(wei)(wei)(wei)尖型歐式建筑,門(men)廳(ting)四根立柱氣(qi)勢恢宏。門(men)口即為(wei)(wei)(wei)近(jin)兩(liang)千平(ping)方米的(de)(de)演兵(bing)操(cao)練場(現(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)云中(zhong)操(cao)場)。與(yu)它并存的(de)(de)還有瓦窯(yao)發電站、季寬游泳池等抗(kang)戰(zhan)遺跡。2011年1月,黃紹竑公館被江(jiang)省人(ren)民(min)政府公布為(wei)(wei)(wei)第六批省級文物保護單位。
目前浙文物發〔2009〕35號已(yi)經提出“關(guan)于云和黃(huang)紹竑公館及(ji)王氏宗祠修(xiu)(xiu)繕方(fang)案(an)的審查意見”,具體方(fang)案(an)為:該建(jian)(jian)筑后(hou)期使用時改動(dong)較大,內部(bu)分隔及(ji)門(men)窗等均應(ying)(ying)(ying)詳細考(kao)證是否為原(yuan)狀后(hou)有(you)依據(ju)地修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)設計(ji)(ji)。2、建(jian)(jian)施(shi)02—1平(ping)面(mian)設計(ji)(ji)不(bu)符原(yuan)狀;建(jian)(jian)施(shi)11門(men)廳(ting)立面(mian)設計(ji)(ji)與其余部(bu)分風格不(bu)統(tong)一,應(ying)(ying)(ying)說明(ming)設計(ji)(ji)依據(ju)。3、建(jian)(jian)施(shi)02—2平(ping)面(mian)圖設計(ji)(ji)不(bu)妥,應(ying)(ying)(ying)恢(hui)復(fu)原(yuan)有(you)平(ping)面(mian)格局。4、石膏天花及(ji)屋脊等具體修(xiu)(xiu)繕措施(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)進一步(bu)明(ming)確,補充相關(guan)圖紙。
黃(huang)紹竑別墅位于(yu)婺城區羅店鎮的原金(jin)(jin)華市第(di)(di)三(san)醫(yi)院(yuan)(傳染(ran)(ran)病醫(yi)院(yuan))內,現在(zai)該(gai)院(yuan)已經(jing)搬遷(qian),院(yuan)區基本閑(xian)置。門(men)衛方根洪表(biao)示,醫(yi)院(yuan)現在(zai)屬于(yu)金(jin)(jin)華市中心醫(yi)院(yuan)所有。從醫(yi)院(yuan)大門(men)走進(jin)去,一路上古木參天,鳥鳴啾啾,十分愜(qie)意。說是(shi)別墅,其實很勉強,整個歷史建(jian)筑(zhu)就由三(san)幢(chuang)平行排列的橫向(xiang)長(chang)方形單層建(jian)筑(zhu)構成(cheng)(前面兩(liang)幢(chuang)是(shi)解放后擴(kuo)建(jian)的),建(jian)筑(zhu)之間有穿廊相通,整體平面呈“王”字形,另有魚池(chi)、花園等點綴其間。附近(jin)(jin)居民說,“黃(huang)公館后來慢慢地擴(kuo)建(jian)成(cheng)了金(jin)(jin)華市第(di)(di)三(san)醫(yi)院(yuan)(傳染(ran)(ran)病醫(yi)院(yuan)),別墅內部曾做過病房,所以平常人很少接近(jin)(jin)”。
1937年(nian)(nian)12月,黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑再(zai)度出任國民(min)(min)黨(dang)浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)政府主(zhu)(zhu)席(1934年(nian)(nian)黃(huang)曾任國民(min)(min)黨(dang)浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)政府主(zhu)(zhu)席,主(zhu)(zhu)持了(le)(le)浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)內乍浦(pu)、嘉興一線“永久防御工事”的(de)建筑工作,1936年(nian)(nian)底調任湖北省(sheng)政府主(zhu)(zhu)席),然(ran)而他(ta)剛(gang)剛(gang)上任,杭(hang)州就淪陷了(le)(le),國民(min)(min)黨(dang)浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)黨(dang)政軍機關(guan)(guan)從杭(hang)州撤離(li)到永康(kang)方巖和(he)金華。這(zhe)時,黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑在(zai)羅店(dian)建造了(le)(le)“黃(huang)公館”。隨后(hou),黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑在(zai)此(ci)主(zhu)(zhu)政浙(zhe)江(jiang)數年(nian)(nian),包括《浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)戰時政治(zhi)綱領》、《浙(zhe)江(jiang)潮(chao)》雜(za)志等(deng)都與此(ci)有關(guan)(guan)。其(qi)間,黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑還大力支持臺灣(wan)義勇隊、戰時兒童保(bao)育(yu)會的(de)工作。可以(yi)(yi)說,金華之所(suo)以(yi)(yi)在(zai)抗戰時期成為全省(sheng)政治(zhi)文(wen)化中心,與當時黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑身在(zai)羅店(dian)是(shi)分不開(kai)的(de)。