黃紹竑(hong)故居(ju)位于容(rong)縣黎村鎮珊萃村,是一間古樸(pu)的民(min)間建筑,在清代(dai)中葉(xie)由(you)其父親(qin)黃玉梁所建,磚木結構,無雕梁畫棟。四座五開間,兩邊為(wei)重橫廊,后座設有炮(pao)樓,作為(wei)了望臺(tai)。平(ping)面呈(cheng)“富”字形。圍墻外為(wei)一約5畝闊的水塘(現為(wei)稻田)。整幢建筑布局嚴謹、整齊,頗具特色。黃紹竑(hong)故居(ju)是研(yan)究我(wo)國近現代(dai)史、建筑史等方面的重要實(shi)物史料(liao),它的歷史、科(ke)學、藝(yi)術價值正(zheng)逐漸為(wei)歷史專家所認可。
2006年5月(yue)25日,黃(huang)紹竑故居被國(guo)務院公布為(wei)全國(guo)重點文(wen)物(wu)保護單位。
黃(huang)紹竑(1895—1966),國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)黨中(zhong)(zhong)將加(jia)(jia)上將銜,戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)區副(fu)(fu)司令(ling)(ling)長官。又名紹雄,字季寬,廣(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)容縣人。早年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)入廣(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)陸(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)小學(xue)第(di)四(si)期,與(yu)李(li)(li)宗仁(ren)、白崇禧(xi)同學(xue)。1911年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)辛亥革(ge)命(ming)爆發(fa)后(hou)(hou),隨學(xue)生北(bei)伐敢死隊(dui)赴武昌(chang)參戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。后(hou)(hou)考入保定陸(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)官學(xue)校第(di)三期步兵科。1916年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)畢業(ye)回(hui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)陸(lu)榮(rong)廷(ting)部(bu)(bu)第(di)一(yi)師(shi)任(ren)(ren)(ren)職。1917年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)任(ren)(ren)(ren)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)模范營馬曉軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)部(bu)(bu)連附(fu),同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)參加(jia)(jia)護法運動,升任(ren)(ren)(ren)連長。1923年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)16日(ri)被孫中(zhong)(zhong)山任(ren)(ren)(ren)命(ming)為(wei)討賊軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)五師(shi)師(shi)長。1924年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)作(zuo)為(wei)李(li)(li)宗仁(ren)的代(dai)表(biao)去廣(guang)(guang)(guang)州商(shang)談(tan)兩廣(guang)(guang)(guang)統一(yi)事宜。1925年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)初當選(xuan)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)黨第(di)二屆(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)候補監(jian)察(cha)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)隊(dui)改編為(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)革(ge)命(ming)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)第(di)七(qi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)后(hou)(hou),任(ren)(ren)(ren)第(di)七(qi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)黨代(dai)表(biao),6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)1日(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)省政府(fu)(fu)主(zhu)席(xi)(xi)。北(bei)伐戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭時(shi),留守(shou)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)。1927年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)任(ren)(ren)(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)政治會(hui)議(yi)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)州政治分(fen)(fen)會(hui)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)6日(ri)特任(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)任(ren)(ren)(ren)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)政府(fu)(fu)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)應李(li)(li)濟(ji)深之請任(ren)(ren)(ren)第(di)八路軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)副(fu)(fu)總指揮,編組(zu)了第(di)十五軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),任(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長,在(zai)汕頭、潮州擊敗(bai)賀龍、葉挺率領的南昌(chang)起義(yi)部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)。1929年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)桂系與(yu)南京國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)政府(fu)(fu)關系破裂(lie),11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)黃(huang)紹竑、李(li)(li)宗仁(ren)、白崇禧(xi)三人在(zai)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)成立護黨救(jiu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),黃(huang)任(ren)(ren)(ren)副(fu)(fu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長兼廣(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)省省長。1930年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)支(zhi)持反蔣的中(zhong)(zhong)原大(da)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。大(da)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)失敗(bai)后(hou)(hou),佳軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)殘部(bu)(bu)退回(hui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)西(xi)(xi)。此時(shi)黃(huang)脫(tuo)離(li)桂系,去南京面見過蔣介石后(hou)(hou)赴香(xiang)港、菲律(lv)賓旅行。1932年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)18日(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)政府(fu)(fu)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)3日(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)內政部(bu)(bu)部(bu)(bu)長,7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)1日(ri)兼代(dai)交(jiao)通部(bu)(bu)部(bu)(bu)長。1933年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)出任(ren)(ren)(ren)北(bei)平軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事分(fen)(fen)會(hui)參謀(mou)團(tuan)(tuan)參謀(mou)長,5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)任(ren)(ren)(ren)北(bei)平政務整理委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),同日(ri)方作(zuo)外(wai)交(jiao)交(jiao)涉。1934年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)12日(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)浙江省政府(fu)(fu)主(zhu)席(xi)(xi)。1935年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被選(xuan)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)黨第(di)五屆(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)監(jian)察(cha)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。1936年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)2日(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)湖北(bei)省政府(fu)(fu)主(zhu)席(xi)(xi)、全(quan)省保安(an)司令(ling)(ling)。1937年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)任(ren)(ren)(ren)廬(lu)山軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)官訓練團(tuan)(tuan)總隊(dui)長。蘆(lu)溝橋事變后(hou)(hou),任(ren)(ren)(ren)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)第(di)一(yi)部(bu)(bu)(作(zuo)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan))部(bu)(bu)長,8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)調任(ren)(ren)(ren)第(di)二戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)區副(fu)(fu)司令(ling)(ling)長官,9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)2日(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)將加(jia)(jia)上將銜。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)26日(ri)復(fu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)浙江省主(zhu)席(xi)(xi)。1942年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)28日(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)第(di)三戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)區副(fu)(fu)司令(ling)(ling)長官。1946年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)當選(xuan)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)黨第(di)六屆(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)監(jian)察(cha)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。1947年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)6日(ri)任(ren)(ren)(ren)監(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)副(fu)(fu)院(yuan)(yuan)長。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)作(zuo)為(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)政府(fu)(fu)和(he)談(tan)代(dai)表(biao),到北(bei)平參加(jia)(jia)與(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)共談(tan)判。后(hou)(hou)去香(xiang)港,發(fa)表(biao)聲明脫(tuo)離(li)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)政府(fu)(fu),9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)到北(bei)平出席(xi)(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人民(min)(min)(min)政治協商(shang)會(hui)議(yi)第(di)一(yi)次全(quan)體會(hui)議(yi)。中(zhong)(zhong)華人民(min)(min)(min)共和(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)成立后(hou)(hou),曾任(ren)(ren)(ren)政務院(yuan)(yuan)政務委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)政協第(di)一(yi)至(zhi)三屆(jie)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)黨革(ge)命(ming)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)常(chang)務委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、和(he)平解放(fang)臺灣委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)副(fu)(fu)主(zhu)任(ren)(ren)(ren)等職。1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被劃為(wei)右派分(fen)(fen)子。1966年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)31日(ri),在(zai)北(bei)京去世(shi)。
黃紹竑故(gu)居,位于容(rong)縣黎(li)村鎮(zhen)山嘴(zui)村,村子距圩鎮(zhen)僅(jin)僅(jin)大約1公里。故(gu)居整幢(chuang)建筑可以用以下(xia)12個字來(lai)概括:莊重大方,優(you)雅別致,頗耐玩賞。這幢(chuang)別墅(shu)不僅(jin)僅(jin)因為是黃紹竑所(suo)建,更因為黃紹竑和(he)李宗仁(ren)、白崇禧這三個在(zai)新桂系中有(you)著舉足(zu)輕重地(di)位的巨頭曾在(zai)這里居住了十多天,與(yu)眾將士(shi)圖謀東山再起,而顯得具有(you)特別重要(yao)的紀念意(yi)義。
黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑祖墳在容縣(xian)黎(li)村珊(shan)萃(cui)的(de)石(shi)印沖(chong)地名叫松崗書房嶺(ling)。立子午(wu)兼癸丁二爻。石(shi)印山脈(mo)西(xi)東走向(xiang),黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑祖墳為典(dian)型的(de)萬(wan)兵拜服格局,氣發(fa)于(yu)大(da)容山金(jin)龍旖旎(ni)而來,皆真龍大(da)盡之(zhi)處(chu)穴,穴前河水(shui)纏(chan)繞(rao)二十余里,前面群山列隊百里,奈何逆(ni)流河水(shui)雖(sui)然環繞(rao),然出水(shui)口為為病,后脈(mo)雖(sui)橫(heng)龍結穴,然無(wu)高大(da)托山做樂,故雖(sui)英雄蓋世,然卻老年不(bu)(bu)得志,根基不(bu)(bu)穩,文革自殺而逝世。昱安風水(shui)大(da)師(shi)認為如(ru)果黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑要求去老家廣西(xi)任職可(ke)不(bu)(bu)至于(yu)自殺,因(yin)為西(xi)或(huo)南(nan)或(huo)西(xi)南(nan)皆為黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑的(de)生旺方(fang)向(xiang)。而北則是黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑的(de)病絕方(fang)向(xiang)。
另外黃紹竑故居(ju)也位(wei)于廣(guang)西容縣黎村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)鎮珊萃(cui)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)。珊萃(cui)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)及(ji)周(zhou)圍(wei)的(de)幾個(ge)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)子(zi)同處一(yi)個(ge)大盆(pen)地中,盆(pen)地周(zhou)圍(wei)砂(sha)(sha)環水(shui)(shui)繞,藏風聚氣,風水(shui)(shui)好(hao)。地靈(ling)人杰,珊萃(cui)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)及(ji)周(zhou)邊村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)子(zi)人才輩出,官貴富豪(hao)多如辰星。珊萃(cui)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)背靠石印山之(zhi)落脈,村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)子(zi)整體坐(zuo)北向南,右(you)后方(fang)戌乾方(fang)一(yi)條河水(shui)(shui)環繞村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)場然(ran)后奔至村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)子(zi)左前(qian)(qian)(qian)方(fang),從乙(yi)辰方(fang)消(xiao)出;村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)子(zi)右(you)方(fang)、前(qian)(qian)(qian)方(fang)稍(shao)為(wei)空虛蕩散,好(hao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)遠方(fang)砂(sha)(sha)水(shui)(shui)得力(li),但終為(wei)不美(mei)。黃紹竑故居(ju)坐(zuo)子(zi)向午兼癸丁,坐(zuo)周(zhou)天6度(du),四進雙重廊(lang),院門(men)在(zai)(zai)(zai)坤位(wei)(院墻今已(yi)不存在(zai)(zai)(zai))。門(men)前(qian)(qian)(qian)原(yuan)有一(yi)個(ge)半月(yue)形(xing)水(shui)(shui)塘(tang),現在(zai)(zai)(zai)已(yi)成了水(shui)(shui)田;右(you)前(qian)(qian)(qian)方(fang)馬砂(sha)(sha)方(fang)向原(yuan)有一(yi)條小(xiao)河流(liu)到宅(zhai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)再于宅(zhai)之(zhi)左前(qian)(qian)(qian)方(fang)乙(yi)辰方(fang)流(liu)出,現在(zai)(zai)(zai)這條小(xiao)河也消(xiao)失了。
黃(huang)(huang)(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑(hong)(hong)故(gu)居(ju)(ju)與(yu)民(min)(min)國(guo)時(shi)期許(xu)多達官(guan)貴人不同,它(ta)是由黃(huang)(huang)(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑(hong)(hong)的(de)父親、前清(qing)舉人黃(huang)(huang)(huang)玉梁所建,并不是黃(huang)(huang)(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑(hong)(hong)發跡后才衣錦榮(rong)歸光宗耀(yao)祖的(de),因而這(zhe)座故(gu)居(ju)(ju)他(ta)們兄弟(di)姐(jie)妹8人全都有份(fen),建筑風格也與(yu)容(rong)縣其他(ta)將軍(jun)(jun)的(de)歐式別墅(shu)相異。故(gu)居(ju)(ju)為四進五開間,占地(di)面積起碼(ma)有3000平(ping)方(fang)以上,主(zhu)(zhu)樓是高三層的(de)磚(zhuan)瓦(wa)結(jie)構(gou),是一(yi)(yi)座典型的(de)完全中國(guo)風格的(de)地(di)主(zhu)(zhu)大(da)莊園。據附近村民(min)(min)介紹(shao)(shao),黃(huang)(huang)(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑(hong)(hong)故(gu)居(ju)(ju)周圍上百畝的(de)土地(di)當年全是黃(huang)(huang)(huang)家的(de),只是解放后連同故(gu)居(ju)(ju)一(yi)(yi)起被村民(min)(min)瓜(gua)分,可(ke)見黃(huang)(huang)(huang)家早(zao)就是富(fu)甲一(yi)(yi)方(fang)的(de)名門望族。這(zhe)也就可(ke)以理解,黃(huang)(huang)(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑(hong)(hong)當年敢于豪奪其容(rong)縣老鄉馬(ma)曉(xiao)軍(jun)(jun)的(de)軍(jun)(jun)權,且一(yi)(yi)大(da)批年長于他(ta)的(de)著名將領,如黃(huang)(huang)(huang)旭初(chu)、夏威(wei)、韋云淞等都終生甘愿臣服于他(ta)。
黃紹(shao)竑(hong)的房子在(zai)解放(fang)后除中(zhong)間的廳堂外,其(qi)余(yu)全(quan)被(bei)分給村民(min)。現在(zai)整座故居已(yi)經破(po)爛(lan)不堪,無人(ren)居住,但是(shi)名(ming)分上(shang)還(huan)是(shi)屬(shu)于(yu)土(tu)改時(shi)有份瓜分的各個村民(min)。聽旁邊的村民(min)說,如果政府要回收這座故居,必須(xu)要花錢從(cong)他(ta)們(men)手上(shang)買下(xia)來。黃紹(shao)竑(hong)的子女(nv)(nv)、侄子女(nv)(nv)都不愿出錢維修。由于(yu)故居規(gui)模太大,不是(shi)十萬(wan)幾萬(wan)就能(neng)解決問題,所以當(dang)地(di)政府也遲遲下(xia)不了決心將其(qi)修復。
黃紹竑故居內(nei)(nei)部建(jian)設雄(xiong)偉,前(qian)有護院,后(hou)有炮(pao)樓,但只(zhi)因年久失修,已(yi)到(dao)(dao)處是殘墻(qiang)破壁,包括屋內(nei)(nei)到(dao)(dao)處野草叢生。由于(yu)內(nei)(nei)墻(qiang)大(da)都是土磚(zhuan)墻(qiang),很(hen)多(duo)瓦面(mian)破爛,泥墻(qiang)被(bei)雨水淋垮了多(duo)處。而后(hou)炮(pao)樓大(da)部分都被(bei)當作(zuo)牛(niu)欄用,東(dong)邊一間則被(bei)拆掉改建(jian),長期被(bei)用作(zuo)牛(niu)欄。
黃(huang)紹竑(hong)故(gu)居(ju)由于年(nian)久失修(xiu),多間房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)倒塌(ta),房(fang)(fang)頂透光漏雨。為了(le)保(bao)護(hu)這(zhe)一全國重(zhong)點文物(wu)保(bao)護(hu)單位,2011年(nian)3月,國家曾撥款80萬元(yuan)對(dui)(dui)黃(huang)紹竑(hong)故(gu)居(ju)進(jin)行(xing)第一期維修(xiu),主要對(dui)(dui)門樓(lou)、墻(qiang)體(ti)、東(dong)西橫屋(wu)前三間進(jin)行(xing)修(xiu)繕。自2010年(nian)12月開始,容(rong)縣博物(wu)館組織人力(li)物(wu)力(li)對(dui)(dui)黃(huang)紹竑(hong)故(gu)居(ju)實施第二期維修(xiu),投資149萬元(yuan),主要修(xiu)繕房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)的(de)中座(zuo)、后座(zuo)、炮(pao)樓(lou)、屋(wu)面(mian)(mian)、墻(qiang)體(ti)、地(di)面(mian)(mian)及環境(jing)整(zheng)治。該(gai)修(xiu)繕工程預計2012年(nian)9月竣工。屆時,一座(zuo)“嶄新”的(de)黃(huang)紹竑(hong)故(gu)居(ju)將展現(xian)在人們(men)面(mian)(mian)前。
“八千(qian)里路云(yun)(yun)(yun)和(he)(he),月(yue)圓今夕光(guang)天表。獅醍(ti)未睡,魚(yu)蒼隱(yin)約,賓來遠道。兩(liang)浙機(ji)樞,一時際會,相(xiang)逢(feng)歡笑!想鄂(e)王豪氣,功名塵土,都當作(zuo),狂吟藁。五(wu)十人生(sheng)(sheng)猶(you)早,正(zheng)中天,奮飛鵬鳥。渡江萬(wan)楫,投(tou)鞭填海,扶桑遍繞。整(zheng)頓湖(hu)山,那時愿了(le),共舒懷抱。作(zuo)長虹痛飲,鑒(jian)湖(hu)美酒,壽吾同(tong)好。”1943年(nian)秋(qiu),正(zheng)值黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)49歲(sui)生(sheng)(sheng)辰,這首詞是他于(yu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)和(he)(he)公(gong)館(guan)內豪情滿懷和(he)(he)省(sheng)(sheng)府(fu)秘書處同(tong)仁所作(zuo)。黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑公(gong)館(guan)位于(yu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)和(he)(he)鎮城(cheng)南瓦窯村的(de)(de)云(yun)(yun)(yun)和(he)(he)職業技(ji)術(shu)學校校園內,建于(yu)抗戰(zhan)時期的(de)(de)民國三(san)(san)(san)十三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(1944),為時任浙江省(sheng)(sheng)政府(fu)主席(xi)黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑先(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)駐(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)和(he)(he)期間臨時辦(ban)公(gong)、生(sheng)(sheng)活的(de)(de)官邸。1942年(nian)5月(yue)28日(ri)(ri),日(ri)(ri)寇發動浙東(dong)事(shi)變(bian),興師十萬(wan),兵分三(san)(san)(san)路,會攻衢州(zhou),金華(hua)、蘭溪先(xian)(xian)(xian)后陷落,省(sheng)(sheng)政府(fu)從永(yong)康方巖(yan)撤至云(yun)(yun)(yun)和(he)(he)。7月(yue),時任浙江省(sheng)(sheng)政府(fu)主席(xi)兼(jian)第三(san)(san)(san)戰(zhan)區副司令長官黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑遷駐(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)和(he)(he)縣(xian),曾先(xian)(xian)(xian)后駐(zhu)扎(zha)在小(xiao)順(shun)浙江鐵(tie)工(gong)廠附近山邊、黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑公(gong)館(guan)(現(xian)云(yun)(yun)(yun)和(he)(he)縣(xian)職高(gao)校內)、云(yun)(yun)(yun)和(he)(he)縣(xian)城(cheng)鯉魚(yu)山前鄭家祠堂(現(xian)址為云(yun)(yun)(yun)和(he)(he)農業銀行(xing)宿(su)舍)等處。黃(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑在云(yun)(yun)(yun)期間創辦(ban)小(xiao)順(shun)鐵(tie)工(gong)廠,創辦(ban)《浙江日(ri)(ri)報》,維修省(sheng)(sheng)志等,做了(le)大量實事(shi),并指揮取得(de)了(le)方山嶺戰(zhan)役(yi)的(de)(de)勝利(li)。1945年(nian)9月(yue)(1945年(nian)8月(yue)15日(ri)(ri)日(ri)(ri)本政府(fu)投(tou)降)遷回(hui)杭州(zhou),在云(yun)(yun)(yun)和(he)(he)共歷(li)時三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)零(ling)四個月(yue)。
黃紹竑公館(guan)坐北(bei)朝南(nan)(nan),單層磚(zhuan)木結構建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu),人字形木屋架,內(nei)(nei)廊式通(tong)道,平面(mian)(mian)(mian)呈凸字形,面(mian)(mian)(mian)闊30米(mi)(mi),進深14.1米(mi)(mi),建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)占地面(mian)(mian)(mian)積約340平方米(mi)(mi)。南(nan)(nan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)凸出部(bu)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)門亭,主樓平面(mian)(mian)(mian)矩形,從(cong)門亭經通(tong)道與(yu)當中東(dong)西(xi)向內(nei)(nei)廊相通(tong)。內(nei)(nei)廊西(xi)部(bu)設(she)(she)門通(tong)室外(wai),東(dong)部(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)向的(de)大(da)間(jian)(jian)(jian)。廊北(bei)側七(qi)間(jian)(jian)(jian),東(dong)第(di)三、四(si)間(jian)(jian)(jian)之間(jian)(jian)(jian)有一(yi)小(xiao)弄(nong),設(she)(she)門通(tong)屋后。廊南(nan)(nan)側東(dong)部(bu)一(yi)大(da)間(jian)(jian)(jian),西(xi)部(bu)一(yi)大(da)間(jian)(jian)(jian)兩小(xiao)間(jian)(jian)(jian)。屋頂(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)尖型歐(ou)式建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu),門廳(ting)四(si)根立柱氣(qi)勢恢宏。門口即為(wei)(wei)(wei)近兩千(qian)平方米(mi)(mi)的(de)演兵(bing)操練場(現為(wei)(wei)(wei)云中操場)。與(yu)它并存的(de)還有瓦窯發(fa)電(dian)站、季寬游泳池等抗戰遺跡(ji)。2011年(nian)1月,黃紹竑公館(guan)被江省(sheng)人民政府公布(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)第(di)六批省(sheng)級文物保護單位(wei)。
目(mu)前浙文物發〔2009〕35號(hao)已經提出“關(guan)于云和黃(huang)紹竑公(gong)館(guan)及(ji)王氏宗祠修繕方(fang)(fang)案的審查意(yi)見(jian)”,具(ju)體方(fang)(fang)案為:該建筑(zhu)后期使(shi)用時改動(dong)較大,內(nei)部(bu)分隔及(ji)門窗等(deng)均(jun)應(ying)詳(xiang)細考證是否為原(yuan)(yuan)狀后有依據地修復(fu)設計。2、建施(shi)(shi)02—1平面設計不符原(yuan)(yuan)狀;建施(shi)(shi)11門廳立面設計與其余部(bu)分風格不統一,應(ying)說明(ming)設計依據。3、建施(shi)(shi)02—2平面圖設計不妥,應(ying)恢復(fu)原(yuan)(yuan)有平面格局。4、石(shi)膏天花(hua)及(ji)屋(wu)脊等(deng)具(ju)體修繕措施(shi)(shi)應(ying)進一步明(ming)確,補充相關(guan)圖紙。
黃(huang)紹(shao)竑別(bie)(bie)墅(shu)位于婺城區(qu)羅店鎮的(de)原金華市(shi)第三醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(傳染(ran)病醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan))內,現在該院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)已經搬遷(qian),院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)基本閑(xian)置(zhi)。門衛方根洪表示,醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)現在屬于金華市(shi)中心醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)所有(you)。從醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)大門走進去,一路上(shang)古木參(can)天(tian),鳥鳴啾啾,十分愜(qie)意。說是別(bie)(bie)墅(shu),其(qi)實很(hen)勉強,整個(ge)歷史建(jian)筑就由三幢(chuang)平(ping)行排列的(de)橫向長方形單(dan)層建(jian)筑構成(前面(mian)兩幢(chuang)是解放后擴建(jian)的(de)),建(jian)筑之間有(you)穿廊相(xiang)通,整體平(ping)面(mian)呈(cheng)“王”字形,另有(you)魚池、花園(yuan)等點綴其(qi)間。附近居民說,“黃(huang)公館(guan)后來慢慢地擴建(jian)成了金華市(shi)第三醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(傳染(ran)病醫(yi)(yi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)),別(bie)(bie)墅(shu)內部曾(ceng)做過病房,所以平(ping)常人很(hen)少接近”。
1937年(nian)12月,黃(huang)(huang)(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑(hong)(hong)再度出任(ren)國民黨(dang)(dang)浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)政府(fu)主(zhu)席(xi)(1934年(nian)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)曾(ceng)任(ren)國民黨(dang)(dang)浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)政府(fu)主(zhu)席(xi),主(zhu)持了(le)浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)內(nei)乍浦、嘉興一(yi)線“永(yong)久(jiu)防御工事”的建(jian)筑工作,1936年(nian)底調任(ren)湖北(bei)省(sheng)政府(fu)主(zhu)席(xi)),然而他剛剛上任(ren),杭州就(jiu)淪陷了(le),國民黨(dang)(dang)浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)黨(dang)(dang)政軍(jun)機關從杭州撤離到永(yong)康方巖和金華(hua)。這時(shi),黃(huang)(huang)(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑(hong)(hong)在(zai)(zai)羅店建(jian)造了(le)“黃(huang)(huang)(huang)公館”。隨后,黃(huang)(huang)(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑(hong)(hong)在(zai)(zai)此主(zhu)政浙(zhe)江(jiang)數年(nian),包括《浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)戰(zhan)時(shi)政治(zhi)綱領》、《浙(zhe)江(jiang)潮》雜志等都與此有關。其間,黃(huang)(huang)(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑(hong)(hong)還大(da)力支持臺灣(wan)義勇隊、戰(zhan)時(shi)兒(er)童保(bao)育(yu)會(hui)的工作。可以說,金華(hua)之所以在(zai)(zai)抗(kang)戰(zhan)時(shi)期(qi)成(cheng)為全(quan)省(sheng)政治(zhi)文化中(zhong)心,與當時(shi)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)紹(shao)(shao)竑(hong)(hong)身在(zai)(zai)羅店是(shi)分(fen)不開的。