鄱(po)(po)陽湖(hu)國家濕(shi)地(di)公園包(bao)含烏金汊(cha)景區,白(bai)沙洲景區和大(da)草原景區。濕(shi)地(di)資源類型(xing)眾多,極具代表性。薈萃可鄱(po)(po)陽湖(hu)水,鳥,草,魚等自然精華。
鄱陽湖四季美景交替,日月輪轉,湖上美景各不相同,白看不厭。豐水季節煙波浩淼,氣勢磅礴,枯水季節水落灘出,蘆荻飛舞,每年11月至次年4月,世界98%的珍惜候鳥種群會相繼來此越冬,繁衍生息,場景蔚為壯觀。在(zai)鄱(po)陽(yang)湖(hu)國家濕(shi)地公園,游(you)客可(ke)以暢游(you)美(mei)麗湖(hu)泊(bo),盡享(xiang)水上激(ji)情,遨游(you)湖(hu)底草原,觀賞(shang)候鳥奇(qi)觀,品嘗特色湖(hu)鮮,體驗湖(hu)泊(bo)文(wen)明,忘記都市喧囂,做回(hui)大自然的孩子。
鄱(po)(po)(po)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)縣人民與鄱(po)(po)(po)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)結下了(le)(le)不解之(zhi)緣(yuan),老百姓的(de)血管里面都浸透了(le)(le)鄱(po)(po)(po)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)歷史和文(wen)(wen)化(hua)。百萬鄱(po)(po)(po)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)人民長期以(yi)來撒網打漁,以(yi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)為生;筑屋湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)濱,以(yi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)為家;退田還(huan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),以(yi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)為友;在(zai)(zai)抗洪搶險當中,以(yi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)為敵(di)。在(zai)(zai)千百年的(de)航運史上,鄱(po)(po)(po)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)興衰與鄱(po)(po)(po)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)息息相關,有血有淚也有笑。在(zai)(zai)水運非常(chang)繁榮(rong)的(de)時候,鄱(po)(po)(po)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)富(fu)甲天下,可(ke)以(yi)說是江南(nan)富(fu)饒的(de)縣之(zhi)一,饒州就(jiu)是富(fu)饒之(zhi)州。但隨(sui)著公路、鐵路的(de)興起,水運的(de)衰落,鄱(po)(po)(po)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)經過(guo)了(le)(le)陣痛,失去了(le)(le)原來的(de)區(qu)位(wei)優勢。在(zai)(zai)鄱(po)(po)(po)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)興衰的(de)過(guo)程當中,逐漸(jian)形成(cheng)了(le)(le)四種文(wen)(wen)化(hua),成(cheng)為了(le)(le)鄱(po)(po)(po)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)典(dian)型的(de)代表(biao)。
景(jing)(jing)區先后被評為:國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)濕地(di)(di)公園、國(guo)家(jia)4A級(ji)景(jing)(jing)區、江(jiang)(jiang)西省新旅(lv)(lv)游景(jing)(jing)區、江(jiang)(jiang)西省先進旅(lv)(lv)游景(jing)(jing)區、長江(jiang)(jiang)濕地(di)(di)保護網絡自然學校(xiao)、全國(guo)科普教育示(shi)(shi)范(fan)基地(di)(di)、全球生命湖泊(bo)佳保護實踐獎、國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)點建設濕地(di)(di)公園、國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)生態旅(lv)(lv)游示(shi)(shi)范(fan)區、國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)休閑漁業(ye)示(shi)(shi)范(fan)基地(di)(di)、全國(guo)濕地(di)(di)旅(lv)(lv)游示(shi)(shi)范(fan)區、美麗中國(guo)·魅力(li)濕地(di)(di)特(te)別關注獎等榮譽(yu)稱號。
是內珠(zhu)湖較高的一座山峰,海拔83米,398個臺階。因其非(fei)常(chang)像農民、漁夫勞作時戴在頭上(shang)的斗笠而得名。
高三(san)十米,用全銅打造(zao)。饒娥(e)為(wei)鄱陽(yang)人,是中國古代十二大烈(lie)女(nv)當中的孝(xiao)女(nv)。后人敬稱(cheng)饒娥(e)為(wei)“鄱湖女(nv)神(shen)”。
是一(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)延綿五(wu)六公里的山(shan)脈,因其整體像一(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)張嘴大(da)吼的龍二得名。陳友(you)諒(liang)與朱元(yuan)璋大(da)戰鄱陽湖時(shi),朱元(yuan)璋的軍隊就駐扎在此地。龍吼山(shan)山(shan)上有個洪門(men)城堡的遺(yi)址,為(wei)淮(huai)王朱瞻墺所建。
也被稱(cheng)為黃(huang)溪(xi)山。黃(huang)溪(xi)山原(yuan)來(lai)有(you)一座(zuo)廟,供奉南(nan)海觀(guan)世音菩薩,四季(ji)香火旺(wang)盛。和尚在山上(shang)栽種(zhong)了很多果樹。1036年(nian),范仲(zhong)淹貶(bian)任饒州(zhou)知州(zhou),慕(mu)名來(lai)到這里。如今的黃(huang)溪(xi)山是鳥(niao)(niao)的天(tian)堂(tang),鳥(niao)(niao)的樂(le)園。鳥(niao)(niao)島上(shang)共有(you)30余(yu)種(zhong)鳥(niao)(niao)類,尤其以鷺(lu)鳥(niao)(niao)較(jiao)多。據觀(guan)察(cha),僅鷺(lu)鳥(niao)(niao)就有(you)9種(zhong)。他們是小白(bai)鷺(lu)、中(zhong)白(bai)鷺(lu)、大白(bai)鷺(lu)、夜(ye)鷺(lu)、池鷺(lu)、蒼鷺(lu)、草鷺(lu)、牛背鷺(lu)、白(bai)琵鷺(lu)。
依畔水生植物園,自(zi)然(ran)生存在(zai)濕(shi)地環(huan)境(jing)中。包(bao)括丹頂鶴(he)4只(zhi)、東方白鸛2只(zhi)、白鶴(he)1只(zhi)、灰鶴(he)4只(zhi)、蓑羽鶴(he)80只(zhi)。鶴(he)的(de)自(zi)然(ran)壽命(ming)很長,可以(yi)活到50、60歲,是長壽動物。訓(xun)練(lian)的(de)鶴(he)可以(yi)表演舞蹈(dao),給人按(an)摩。CCTV在(zai)多次(ci)來(lai)此錄制(zhi)節目。
是(shi)鄱陽湖國家濕地公(gong)園重要組成部分,也是(shi)中國唯一的濕地科學館。整個(ge)建(jian)筑共分兩(liang)層,建(jian)筑總(zong)面積為3300平方米,展覽面積1800平方米 。
在天(tian)(tian)鵝湖中人工(gong)馴養候鳥(niao)包括丹頂鶴、東方(fang)白(bai)(bai)鸛、蓑(suo)羽鶴、大(da)白(bai)(bai)天(tian)(tian)鵝、灰(hui)天(tian)(tian)鵝等(deng),豐富了(le)鄱陽湖珍稀候鳥(niao)種群,完善鄱陽湖生態資源結構(gou),也(ye)為珍稀動物(wu)(wu)研究(jiu)提(ti)供物(wu)(wu)種資源,并為科普教育提(ti)供了(le)真實案例。所(suo)有珍禽在天(tian)(tian)鵝湖中常(chang)年(nian)生活和(he)表演,并繁育后代,進一(yi)步恢(hui)復鄱陽湖濕地(di)鳥(niao)類種群結構(gou)。天(tian)(tian)鵝繁育及領養也(ye)是(shi)該項目的一(yi)大(da)特色。2011年(nian)4月(yue)在孵(fu)(fu)化樓孵(fu)(fu)人工(gong)化出鄱陽湖國家(jia)濕地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)第一(yi)批(pi)候鳥(niao)——24只灰(hui)天(tian)(tian)鵝。
是半潛(qian)式玻(bo)璃欄桿(gan)結構,人(ren)在(zai)水下(xia)走,魚在(zai)水中游(you),零距離體驗鄱陽湖魚類的多(duo)樣性。
站在觀湖平(ping)臺上觀看(kan)鄱陽(yang)湖國家(jia)濕(shi)地公園,共100平(ping)方公里。
生態環境良好,夏天(tian)晚上沒有蚊子(zi)。村子(zi)里(li)面(mian)有一(yi)座保(bao)存完好明代寺廟永青殿(dian),距(ju)今有四百年的(de)歷史。里(li)面(mian)供奉的(de)是湖(hu)神萬法祖(zu)師(shi),當地(di)的(de)漁民捕魚前都會祭(ji)祀萬法祖(zu)師(shi),保(bao)佑自己平(ping)安歸來。
又被稱為“鄱陽湖草海”。傳說這里(li)原先是一(yi)個(ge)幾十戶人家(jia)的(de)小村莊,因洲(zhou)上土壤(rang)肥沃(wo),村子的(de)四周(zhou)種了(le)很多芝麻,家(jia)家(jia)都(dou)有磨香(xiang)油(you)(you)(you)的(de)油(you)(you)(you)坊,因此得名香(xiang)油(you)(you)(you)洲(zhou)。另一(yi)種說法是,豐水期時(shi),這里(li)的(de)草被肥沃(wo)的(de)淤泥淹沒了(le),等枯水期時(shi),草慢(man)慢(man)發芽生長,有的(de)草高可達1.5米,在陽光(guang)的(de)照射下,熠(yi)熠(yi)發光(guang),上面就像浮了(le)一(yi)層油(you)(you)(you),并伴(ban)有濃郁的(de)清香(xiang)味,因此就叫香(xiang)油(you)(you)(you)洲(zhou)。
90元(大門票+內(nei)湖船票)
飛機:
南昌(chang)/九江(jiang)/上饒機(ji)場——城市長(chang)途客車——鄱陽縣(xian)——乘坐旅游(you)大巴(ba)——鄱陽湖國家濕地(di)公(gong)園景(jing)區
火車:
九(jiu)江(jiang)站(zhan)——城(cheng)市長途客(ke)運(yun)站(zhan)——鄱(po)(po)陽縣(xian)——鄱(po)(po)陽湖國家濕地公園
高鐵:
田(tian)畈街站——鄱陽湖國家(jia)濕地公園
自駕:
1、南昌出發:
從南昌(chang)市(shi)出發——沿昌(chang)東(dong)南樞紐(niu)朝鷹(ying)潭方向行駛——德(de)昌(chang)高速(su)——鄱陽珠湖(hu)收(shou)費站出口——經鄱陽縣城——鄱陽湖(hu)國家濕地公園烏金汊(cha)游客服(fu)務中(zhong)心。
2、上饒市或鷹(ying)潭出發(fa):
沿鷹(ying)潭(tan)樞紐——景(jing)鷹(ying)高速——鄱陽(yang)(yang)蘆田出口(kou)——經鄱陽(yang)(yang)縣城(cheng)——鄱陽(yang)(yang)湖(hu)國(guo)家濕地公(gong)園(yuan)烏(wu)金汊游客(ke)服務中心。
3、九江(jiang)市(shi)或景德鎮出發:
沿杭瑞高速九景段——鄱(po)(po)陽(yang)田畈街經鄱(po)(po)陽(yang)縣城(cheng)——鄱(po)(po)陽(yang)湖國家濕地公園烏(wu)金汊游客服務中心。
縣內交通:
1、在縣城內乘(cheng)坐出租車到(dao)鄱陽湖國家濕地公園,車程15分鐘(zhong),費用(yong)大概50元左右。
2、在(zai)縣(xian)城汽車站乘坐團林(lin)-鄱陽湖國(guo)家濕地公園中巴車,坐到(dao)終點站下(xia)車即到(dao)。車程20分鐘(zhong)左右,費(fei)用10元。
公園位(wei)于東(dong)(dong)南地(di)洼區贛桂地(di)洼系東(dong)(dong)北端。元(yuan)古代起進入地(di)槽階段。震旦(dan)紀后期地(di)槽封閉(bi)為(wei)陸臺。志留紀至(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)泥盆紀,形(xing)成(cheng)了北北東(dong)(dong)——南南西向褶皺狀山脈。石炭紀至(zhi)(zhi)二疊(die)紀,地(di)殼下(xia)降。二疊(die)紀末、三疊(die)紀初,海西運動發生(sheng)。三疊(die)紀中,南部(bu)、中部(bu)下(xia)沉,形(xing)成(cheng)砂頁巖含(han)煤建造。侏(zhu)羅紀末,發生(sheng)燕(yan)山運動,伴隨激烈(lie)的(de)火成(cheng)巖活動。白堊(e)紀開始(shi),地(di)殼活動更加強烈(lie),西南部(bu)急(ji)速(su)下(xia)降,末期燕(yan)山運動結(jie)束,地(di)殼又急(ji)速(su)上升,至(zhi)(zhi)第四紀,地(di)殼活動以升降為(wei)主,湖濱及各(ge)支(zhi)流堆積(ji)不(bu)等的(de)沖積(ji)、淤(yu)積(ji)層。各(ge)期地(di)層,除古代部(bu)分缺(que)失外,均有出露(lu)。
公園(yuan)主(zhu)要由(you)低(di)山、丘(qiu)陵和(he)平原(yuan)組成。西南角低(di),為鄱陽(yang)湖盆地。以(yi)高(gao)(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)和(he)成因為主(zhu)要依據,公園(yuan)地貌具體分為三(san)類:構造剝(bo)蝕低(di)山丘(qiu)陵區高(gao)(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)在100~200米(mi)(mi)之(zhi)間,高(gao)(gao)峰(feng)為尖(jian)頂(ding)峰(feng),海拔124.8米(mi)(mi);侵蝕剝(bo)蝕壟崗區高(gao)(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)在50~100米(mi)(mi)之(zhi)間,巖(yan)底有變質(zhi)巖(yan)、沉積巖(yan)、紅色砂巖(yan)三(san)種;堆積平原(yuan)高(gao)(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)在50米(mi)(mi)以(yi)下,包括河谷沖積平原(yuan)、三(san)角洲平原(yuan)、淤(yu)積平原(yuan)三(san)種。
土壤質地:
公(gong)園(yuan)屬于鄱(po)陽湖盆(pen)地,是(shi)江西第四系(xi)沉(chen)積中(zhong)心,以河(he)流、湖泊相沉(chen)積為(wei)(wei)主,沉(chen)積物粒度(du)總的(de)趨勢(shi)是(shi)自下而上由粗變細。一(yi)般厚度(du)變化規律(lv)是(shi)河(he)谷向(xiang)湖區(qu)增大,厚度(du)約為(wei)(wei)30~40米,在(zai)三角洲(zhou)前緣可達76米。區(qu)內基本為(wei)(wei)三角洲(zhou)平(ping)原(yuan),主要(yao)分布比(bi)較(jiao)均一(yi)的(de)壤土質地。
土壤類型與分布:
公園內主要(yao)發育有5種土(tu)壤(rang)類型(xing):紅壤(rang)(棕(zong)紅壤(rang))、水稻土(tu)、黃褐(he)土(tu)、沖積土(tu)和(he)潮(chao)土(tu)(濕潮(chao)土(tu)),其分(fen)布(bu)與高程和(he)微地形(xing)有關,由湖(hu)岸向湖(hu)心成帶狀(zhuang)分(fen)異基礎上的鑲嵌分(fen)布(bu)。
公園地處(chu)亞熱帶地區(qu),氣候溫和(he),雨量充沛,四季分明(ming),日(ri)照充足,無霜期長。
(1)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen):年均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)16.9℃~17.7℃之間。七月份(fen)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)最(zui)高(gao)(gao),平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)29.6℃,極端最(zui)高(gao)(gao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)39.7℃;一月份(fen)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)最(zui)低(di),平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)5.0℃,極端最(zui)低(di)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)為-13.3℃。
(2)日(ri)照(zhao):濕(shi)地公園屬光資源(yuan)豐富的地區。年平(ping)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)時數達2000小(xiao)時以上,日(ri)照(zhao)百分(fen)率平(ping)均(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)40%以上。日(ri)照(zhao)最(zui)多月份為(wei)(wei)7~8月,日(ri)照(zhao)最(zui)少(shao)月份為(wei)(wei)2~3月,太陽輻射量年平(ping)均(jun)(jun)115.6千卡/平(ping)方厘(li)米。
(3)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng):冬季(ji)受大(da)(da)(da)陸高壓(ya)影響,地(di)面多(duo)為偏(pian)北風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)。夏季(ji)受副熱(re)帶高壓(ya)控制(zhi),偶(ou)有(you)臺風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)影響,地(di)面多(duo)偏(pian)南風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)。春秋為過渡(du)性季(ji)節,偏(pian)北風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)和偏(pian)南風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)可(ke)以互見,但以東(dong)北風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)為主(zhu),西北風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)也時有(you)可(ke)見。平均風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)3.0米(mi)/秒(miao),最大(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)為30米(mi)/秒(miao),各(ge)月風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速(su)(su)2.5~3.7米(mi)/秒(miao)。年平均大(da)(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)日數(shu)9.7日。
(4)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu):降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)受(shou)季(ji)(ji)風氣候(hou)的影響,夏季(ji)(ji)明顯多于冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)。年(nian)平均降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)1600毫(hao)米。降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)年(nian)際變化大,降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)季(ji)(ji)節也差異很大。年(nian)平均降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)日為140.9天。
(5)霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍(dong)(dong):霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍(dong)(dong)有早霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍(dong)(dong)、晚(wan)(wan)霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍(dong)(dong),10月(yue)到11月(yue)出(chu)(chu)現的(de)霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍(dong)(dong)為(wei)早霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍(dong)(dong),3、4月(yue)出(chu)(chu)現的(de)霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍(dong)(dong)為(wei)晚(wan)(wan)霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍(dong)(dong)。平均無(wu)霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)期為(wei)274.5天
公(gong)園(yuan)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被具有植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)類豐(feng)富、地(di)(di)(di)(di)理成(cheng)分(fen)復(fu)雜多樣、廣布植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)繁多的(de)(de)特(te)點(dian)。據(ju)不完全統(tong)計,共(gong)有維管束濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)141種(zhong)(zhong),隸屬43科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),99屬。其中(zhong)(zhong)蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)4科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)5屬5種(zhong)(zhong);裸子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬2種(zhong)(zhong),被子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)38科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)92屬134種(zhong)(zhong),以菊科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(Compositae)、禾本(ben)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(Gramineae)、莎草(cao)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(Cyperaceae)為優(you)勢科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)內的(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)分(fen)別占江西(xi)省(sheng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)維管束植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)總(zong)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)數(shu)、總(zong)屬數(shu)、總(zong)種(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)的(de)(de)41.18%、34.74%、23.23%。在141種(zhong)(zhong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)中(zhong)(zhong),有浮(fu)水(shui)(shui)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)16種(zhong)(zhong),沉水(shui)(shui)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)12種(zhong)(zhong),挺水(shui)(shui)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)19種(zhong)(zhong),濕(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)94種(zhong)(zhong),浮(fu)水(shui)(shui)、沉水(shui)(shui)、挺水(shui)(shui)和(he)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)分(fen)別占濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)總(zong)數(shu)的(de)(de)11.35%、8.51%、13.48%和(he)66.66%。這些數(shu)據(ju)充分(fen)說明了鄱(po)陽湖濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)類豐(feng)富的(de)(de)特(te)點(dian),也(ye)表(biao)明該濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)所在區也(ye)是江西(xi)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)區系較(jiao)豐(feng)富的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區之一。
通過實地(di)調查和原始資(zi)料的(de)(de)整理,在公園先后發現野(ye)生脊椎動物(wu)(wu)共計249種(zhong)(zhong),隸屬于33目77科,其(qi)種(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)(shu)為江西已知脊椎動物(wu)(wu)總數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)29.0%。其(qi)中列為國(guo)家(jia)一級重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)野(ye)生動物(wu)(wu)4種(zhong)(zhong),國(guo)家(jia)二級重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)野(ye)生動物(wu)(wu)17種(zhong)(zhong),占(zhan)江西省(sheng)國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)動物(wu)(wu)總數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)24.4%;省(sheng)級重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)動物(wu)(wu)63種(zhong)(zhong),占(zhan)總數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)56.8%。
魚類:
魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)有6目14科68種(zhong),種(zhong)數占(zhan)江西(xi)(xi)已(yi)知魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)33.2%。魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)中以(yi)鯉(li)科魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)為(wei)主,種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)約占(zhan)56.0%,經濟(ji)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)約占(zhan)總種(zhong)數的(de)(de)(de)81.4%。如鯉(li)、鯽(ji)、草(cao)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、餐(can)條、鳊、紅鰭鲌、鰱、鳙(yong)、黃(huang)尾鲴(gu)、翹嘴紅鲌、泥鰍、鯰魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、黃(huang)顙(sang)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、胡子鯰、烏(wu)鱧、鱖等(deng)。鄱陽湖國家濕地(di)公園內的(de)(de)(de)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)從生態類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)型(xing)劃分,絕大(da)多(duo)數屬廣(guang)布性(xing)緩水流魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)和靜水魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei),如鯉(li)、鯽(ji)、鳊、魴、鰱、鳙(yong)等(deng)。以(yi)食(shi)(shi)性(xing)劃分,調查所獲的(de)(de)(de)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)中,草(cao)食(shi)(shi)性(xing)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)6種(zhong),占(zhan)8.8%;雜食(shi)(shi)性(xing)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)44種(zhong),占(zhan)64.7%;肉食(shi)(shi)性(xing)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)18種(zhong),占(zhan)26.5%,雜食(shi)(shi)性(xing)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)占(zhan)大(da)多(duo)數,草(cao)食(shi)(shi)性(xing)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)所占(zhan)比例較(jiao)小(xiao),肉食(shi)(shi)性(xing)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)不僅種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)增加,而且(qie)(qie)數量較(jiao)以(yi)前(qian)增多(duo)。有長吻鮠、鰻鱺、暗紋東(dong)方鲀、吻鰕虎(hu)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)為(wei)江西(xi)(xi)省重點保護野生動物。經濟(ji)價值較(jiao)高而且(qie)(qie)產(chan)量較(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)有青魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、草(cao)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、鰱魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、鳙(yong)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、鯉(li)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、鯽(ji)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、泥鰍、鯰魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、黃(huang)鱔、黃(huang)顙(sang)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、鱖、鰻鱺等(deng)。
兩棲動物:
兩(liang)棲動物有2目7科(ke)(ke)(ke)12種(zhong),其(qi)種(zhong)數為(wei)江西已知兩(liang)棲動物的(de)30.8%。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)科(ke)(ke)(ke)種(zhong)類最多有為(wei)1屬7種(zhong),約占58.3%,鋤足(zu)蟾(chan)(chan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)、蟾(chan)(chan)蜍科(ke)(ke)(ke)、樹蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)科(ke)(ke)(ke)、雨(yu)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)科(ke)(ke)(ke)和姬蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)科(ke)(ke)(ke)均為(wei)1屬1種(zhong),各占8.3%,無尾目共有6科(ke)(ke)(ke)6屬12種(zhong)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)二(er)級重(zhong)點保(bao)護兩(liang)棲動物1種(zhong),即(ji)虎紋蛙(wa)(wa)(wa),國(guo)家(jia)保(bao)護的(de)有益的(de)或者有重(zhong)要經濟(ji)、科(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)研(yan)究價值的(de)陸(lu)生(sheng)野(ye)生(sheng)動物11種(zhong),即(ji)東(dong)方(fang)蠑螈(yuan)、淡肩角蟾(chan)(chan)、中(zhong)(zhong)華大蟾(chan)(chan)蜍、日本林蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)、黑斑(ban)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)、沼蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)、澤蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)、金線蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)、大樹蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)雨(yu)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)和飾紋姬蛙(wa)(wa)(wa);其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)東(dong)方(fang)蠑螈(yuan)、中(zhong)(zhong)華大蟾(chan)(chan)蜍和黑斑(ban)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)還是江西省重(zhong)點保(bao)護野(ye)生(sheng)動物。
爬行動物:
爬行(xing)(xing)動(dong)物(wu)有(you)(you)2目(mu)8科(ke)(ke)24種(zhong)(zhong),其種(zhong)(zhong)數為江西已(yi)知爬行(xing)(xing)動(dong)物(wu)的30.4%。其中(zhong)龜(gui)鱉目(mu)2科(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong),包(bao)括龜(gui)科(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)及鱉科(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong),分別約(yue)占(zhan)該(gai)地爬行(xing)(xing)動(dong)物(wu)總種(zhong)(zhong)數的4.2%。有(you)(you)鱗目(mu)6科(ke)(ke)19屬(shu)(shu)(shu)22種(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)游蛇(she)(she)科(ke)(ke)種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)最多,有(you)(you)11屬(shu)(shu)(shu)13種(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)占(zhan)該(gai)地爬行(xing)(xing)動(dong)物(wu)總種(zhong)(zhong)數的54.2%;石龍子科(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)(shu)3種(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)占(zhan)12.5%;眼鏡蛇(she)(she)科(ke)(ke)和(he)蝰(kui)科(ke)(ke)均(jun)為2屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)占(zhan)8.3%;壁(bi)虎科(ke)(ke)、蜥蜴科(ke)(ke)均(jun)為1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)占(zhan)4.2%。所有(you)(you)24種(zhong)(zhong)爬行(xing)(xing)動(dong)物(wu)均(jun)已(yi)列入國家保(bao)護(hu)的有(you)(you)益的或者有(you)(you)重要經濟、科(ke)(ke)學(xue)研究價值的陸(lu)生(sheng)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)名錄(lu)。此外(wai),中(zhong)華鱉、王錦蛇(she)(she)、黑(hei)眉錦蛇(she)(she)、灰鼠(shu)蛇(she)(she)、烏(wu)梢蛇(she)(she)、銀環蛇(she)(she)、舟山(shan)眼鏡蛇(she)(she)還被(bei)列為江西省重點保(bao)護(hu)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)。
哺乳動物:
哺(bu)乳(ru)動(dong)物(wu)有6目(mu)(mu)7科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)13種(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)種(zhong)(zhong)數為江西(xi)已知哺(bu)乳(ru)動(dong)物(wu)的(de)12.4%。其(qi)中食(shi)(shi)蟲目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(猬科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke))1屬(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong),約占(zhan)(zhan)當地哺(bu)乳(ru)動(dong)物(wu)總數的(de)7.7%;兔形目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)(兔科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke))1屬(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong),約占(zhan)(zhan)7.7%;翼手(shou)目(mu)(mu)(蝙蝠科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke))1科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong),約占(zhan)(zhan)15.4%;嚙齒目(mu)(mu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)4屬(shu)6種(zhong)(zhong),包括松鼠科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong),約占(zhan)(zhan)7.7%,鼠科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)5種(zhong)(zhong),約占(zhan)(zhan)38.5%;食(shi)(shi)肉目(mu)(mu)(鼬科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke))1科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong),約占(zhan)(zhan)15.4%;偶蹄目(mu)(mu)(豬科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke))1科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong),占(zhan)(zhan)7.7%。其(qi)中黃(huang)(huang)鼬、被(bei)列為瀕危野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)國(guo)(guo)際貿易(yi)公約附錄三保(bao)護物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)。國(guo)(guo)家保(bao)護的(de)有益(yi)的(de)或者有重(zhong)要經濟(ji)、科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)研(yan)究(jiu)價值的(de)陸生(sheng)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)5種(zhong)(zhong),即華南兔、隱紋花松鼠、黃(huang)(huang)鼬、鼬獾(huan)、野(ye)豬;其(qi)中黃(huang)(huang)鼬、鼬獾(huan)還被(bei)列為江西(xi)省重(zhong)點保(bao)護野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)。
公園有鳥類17目41科86屬132種,其種數為江西已知(zhi)鳥(niao)類(lei)的30.6%。其中鸊(pi)鷉目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)該地(di)鳥(niao)類(lei)總種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數的1.5%;鵜(ti)形(xing)(xing)(xing)目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)0.76%;鸛形(xing)(xing)(xing)目(mu)(mu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)8屬(shu)(shu)(shu)11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)8.3%;雁形(xing)(xing)(xing)目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)5屬(shu)(shu)(shu)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)13.6%;隼形(xing)(xing)(xing)目(mu)(mu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)(shu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)4.5%;雞形(xing)(xing)(xing)目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)0.76%;鶴形(xing)(xing)(xing)目(mu)(mu)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)8屬(shu)(shu)(shu)11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)8.3%;鴴形(xing)(xing)(xing)目(mu)(mu)4科(ke)(ke)(ke)7屬(shu)(shu)(shu)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)10.6%;鷗形(xing)(xing)(xing)目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)(shu)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)2.3%;鴿形(xing)(xing)(xing)目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)1.5%;鵑形(xing)(xing)(xing)目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)(shu)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)3.0%;鸮形(xing)(xing)(xing)目(mu)(mu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)(shu)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)3.0%;夜(ye)鷹目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)0.76%;雨燕目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)0.76%;佛(fo)法僧目(mu)(mu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)4屬(shu)(shu)(shu)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)3.0%;鴷形(xing)(xing)(xing)目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)1.5%;雀形(xing)(xing)(xing)目(mu)(mu)17科(ke)(ke)(ke)35屬(shu)(shu)(shu)48種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)36.4%。
國(guo)(guo)家一(yi)級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)4種(zhong)(zhong)、國(guo)(guo)家二(er)級保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)16種(zhong)(zhong)、國(guo)(guo)家“三有”保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)83種(zhong)(zhong);省級重點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)63種(zhong)(zhong);國(guo)(guo)際貿易公約保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)17種(zhong)(zhong)。鄱陽湖國(guo)(guo)家濕地公園有不少中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)與(yu)日本、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)與(yu)澳(ao)大利亞共同保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的候鳥(niao),列入中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)日保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)協定(ding)的有55種(zhong)(zhong),列入中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)澳(ao)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)協定(ding)的有14種(zhong)(zhong)。這里聚(ju)集了(le)世界(jie)上98%的濕地候鳥(niao)種(zhong)(zhong)群,一(yi)到(dao)冬(dong)天(tian)98%的白鶴與(yu)數十萬(wan)的天(tian)鵝會選擇到(dao)鄱陽湖越冬(dong)
白糖糕:一圈(quan)圈(quan)的(de)(de)糕顏(yan)色呈(cheng)半透(tou)明晶(jing)瑩的(de)(de)白(bai)、口(kou)感(gan)酥松而且軟糯,上(shang)面(mian)放的(de)(de)卻不是白(bai)糖,白(bai)糖是和在粉里面(mian)的(de)(de)。
螺螄:任何大排檔必備。
煎餅:煎餅的味道有點像油條,有韭菜(cai)豆干餡和蘿卜絲(si)餡。
米餃子:餃(jiao)子的(de)特點是(shi)皮(pi)薄餡嫩,味道鮮美,形狀獨特。
米粉:有煮(zhu)粉(fen)、炒(chao)粉(fen)、拌粉(fen)等,各(ge)(ge)有各(ge)(ge)的(de)特色及(ji)風味。
油炸粑:一個面(mian)盆,面(mian)盆里是米(mi)粉糊。往往還會配上韭(jiu)菜餡(xian)的餃子一起(qi)賣(mai)。
春鲇:鲇魚因有涎遍布全身,腥滑粘(zhan)膩而得名。做為底層魚類,喜性葷食,常(chang)棲(qi)深水(shui)污泥之中。
夏鯉:鯉為廣食性魚類。鯉為吉祥的(de)象征,“鯉魚跳龍門”,使鯉在人們(men)眼(yan)中有著(zhu)升騰的(de)隱喻,年節婚慶,紅白喜事,都喜歡以鯉魚入席。
秋鱖:在一(yi)些地區,因為唐人張志和"桃花流水鱖(gui)(gui)魚肥"的詩而有了歧誤,認為鱖(gui)(gui)魚是(shi)春時的寵(chong)食。而積累幾千年食魚歷史的鄱陽人,根據魚的生長(chang)習性(xing)斷言(yan),此魚秋天吃食是(shi)最佳季(ji)節(jie)。
冬鳊:鳊魚的正名叫(jiao)魴,肉(rou)嫩味美,有調胃(wei)氣,利五(wu)臟,去(qu)胃(wei)風、消谷的功效(xiao),有益(yi)于人體在(zai)冬天(tian)的養護。
銀魚:古稱膾殘魚,又名白小。鄱陽銀魚肉質細嫩,味道鮮美。而“繡花針”肥度不(bu)夠,干癟味(wei)淡;“面條”肉老(lao)筋硬(ying),入口不(bu)適。銀魚是極富鈣質的魚類,營(ying)養學(xue)家將它(ta)列為長(chang)壽食品。
鰻鱺:又稱(cheng)(cheng)白鱔,簡稱(cheng)(cheng)鰻,洄(hui)游性(xing)魚(yu)類(lei)。此魚(yu)在(zai)秋季游入(ru)深海(hai)產卵,幼魚(yu)變態后(hou),進入(ru)淡水(shui)生長。形狀如(ru)蛇,肉鬣連尾,無鱗(lin)有舌,大者長數尺。肉嫩如(ru)豆(dou)腐,味美似河豚,為葷食(shi)屬性(xing)魚(yu)類(lei)。
鱭:俗名鳳尾、刨花魚,是名貴的經濟魚類,食用歷史悠久。
線路一:烏(wu)金汊游客服(fu)務(wu)中(zhong)心——龜腦(nao)山(shan)——瓢里(li)山(shan)——龍吼山(shan)——鶴園(yuan)(yuan)——鄱陽湖濕地科學館——水生植物園(yuan)(yuan)——天(tian)鵝之(zhi)家——觀湖長廊——落雁(yan)臺——麋鹿苑(yuan)——二號天(tian)橋——返程碼頭(內湖游覽線(xian)路)
線路二:烏金(jin)汊游(you)客服務中心——龜腦山——瓢里山——龍(long)吼(hou)山——鶴園——鄱陽(yang)湖(hu)(hu)濕地科學館——水生(sheng)植物園——天鵝之家——觀(guan)湖(hu)(hu)長廊——落(luo)雁臺——麋鹿苑——二號天橋——乘車至店前渡口——大草(cao)原景區——香油州(內外湖(hu)(hu)游(you)覽線路)
線路三:白(bai)沙洲濕(shi)地科學園檢票口(kou)——鶴園——鄱陽(yang)湖濕(shi)地科學館——水生植(zhi)物園——天鵝之家——觀湖長廊——落雁(yan)臺(tai)——麋鹿苑——二號天橋——乘車(che)至店前渡(du)口(kou)——大草(cao)原景區——香油州(外湖游覽線(xian)路)