鄱陽湖國家濕(shi)地(di)公園包含烏金(jin)汊景(jing)區(qu),白沙(sha)洲景(jing)區(qu)和大草原景(jing)區(qu)。濕(shi)地(di)資(zi)源(yuan)類型眾多,極具代(dai)表性。薈(hui)萃可鄱陽湖水,鳥,草,魚(yu)等(deng)自(zi)然精華(hua)。
鄱陽湖四季美景交替,日月輪轉,湖上美景各不相同,白看不厭。豐水季節煙波浩淼,氣勢磅礴,枯水季節水落灘出,蘆荻飛舞,每年11月至次年4月,世界98%的珍惜候鳥種群會相繼來此越冬,繁衍生息,場景蔚為壯觀。在鄱陽湖國家(jia)濕地公(gong)園(yuan),游(you)客(ke)可以暢游(you)美麗湖泊,盡享水上激情(qing),遨(ao)游(you)湖底草原(yuan),觀賞候鳥奇觀,品嘗特色湖鮮,體(ti)驗湖泊文(wen)明,忘記(ji)都市喧囂,做回大自然(ran)的孩子。
鄱(po)陽(yang)(yang)縣人(ren)民(min)與鄱(po)陽(yang)(yang)湖結下(xia)(xia)了(le)(le)不解之(zhi)(zhi)緣,老百(bai)姓的(de)(de)血管里面都浸透了(le)(le)鄱(po)陽(yang)(yang)湖的(de)(de)歷史和(he)文化(hua)。百(bai)萬鄱(po)陽(yang)(yang)人(ren)民(min)長期以來(lai)撒網(wang)打漁,以湖為(wei)(wei)生;筑(zhu)屋湖濱,以湖為(wei)(wei)家;退田還湖,以湖為(wei)(wei)友;在抗(kang)洪搶(qiang)險當中(zhong),以湖為(wei)(wei)敵(di)。在千(qian)百(bai)年的(de)(de)航運史上,鄱(po)陽(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)興衰(shuai)與鄱(po)陽(yang)(yang)湖息(xi)息(xi)相關,有血有淚(lei)也有笑。在水運非常繁榮的(de)(de)時候,鄱(po)陽(yang)(yang)富(fu)甲天下(xia)(xia),可以說是江南富(fu)饒的(de)(de)縣之(zhi)(zhi)一,饒州就是富(fu)饒之(zhi)(zhi)州。但隨著公路(lu)(lu)、鐵路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)興起,水運的(de)(de)衰(shuai)落,鄱(po)陽(yang)(yang)經過了(le)(le)陣痛,失去(qu)了(le)(le)原來(lai)的(de)(de)區位(wei)優(you)勢(shi)。在鄱(po)陽(yang)(yang)興衰(shuai)的(de)(de)過程當中(zhong),逐漸形成了(le)(le)四(si)種文化(hua),成為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)鄱(po)陽(yang)(yang)湖文化(hua)典型的(de)(de)代(dai)表。
景區先后(hou)被評為:國(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)濕(shi)地公園、國(guo)(guo)家(jia)4A級(ji)景區、江(jiang)西省新旅(lv)游景區、江(jiang)西省先進(jin)旅(lv)游景區、長(chang)江(jiang)濕(shi)地保護網絡(luo)自然學校、全國(guo)(guo)科普教育示(shi)范基地、全球生(sheng)(sheng)命湖泊佳保護實踐獎、國(guo)(guo)家(jia)重點建設濕(shi)地公園、國(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)態旅(lv)游示(shi)范區、國(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)休閑漁業示(shi)范基地、全國(guo)(guo)濕(shi)地旅(lv)游示(shi)范區、美(mei)麗中國(guo)(guo)·魅力濕(shi)地特(te)別關注獎等榮譽稱號。
是內珠湖較(jiao)高(gao)的一座山峰,海拔83米,398個臺階。因其非常像農民、漁夫(fu)勞作(zuo)時戴在頭上的斗(dou)笠(li)而得名。
高三(san)十(shi)米,用(yong)全銅打造。饒娥為鄱陽人,是中國(guo)古代十(shi)二大烈女當中的孝女。后人敬稱饒娥為“鄱湖女神”。
是一(yi)條延綿五六公里的山(shan)(shan)脈,因其整體像一(yi)條張嘴大吼(hou)的龍(long)二得名。陳友諒與朱元(yuan)璋大戰鄱陽湖時,朱元(yuan)璋的軍隊就(jiu)駐扎(zha)在此地。龍(long)吼(hou)山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)上有個洪(hong)門(men)城堡(bao)的遺址(zhi),為淮王朱瞻墺所建。
也被稱為(wei)黃(huang)溪(xi)山。黃(huang)溪(xi)山原來(lai)(lai)有一座廟,供奉(feng)南海觀(guan)世(shi)音菩薩(sa),四季(ji)香火旺盛。和(he)尚在山上栽種(zhong)了很多果樹。1036年,范仲淹貶(bian)任饒(rao)州(zhou)知(zhi)州(zhou),慕名來(lai)(lai)到這里(li)。如今(jin)的黃(huang)溪(xi)山是鳥的天(tian)堂,鳥的樂園(yuan)。鳥島上共(gong)有30余種(zhong)鳥類,尤其(qi)以鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)鳥較多。據觀(guan)察(cha),僅鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)鳥就有9種(zhong)。他(ta)們是小白鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、中(zhong)白鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、大白鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、夜鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、池鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、蒼(cang)鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、草鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、牛背鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、白琵鷺(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。
依畔水生植物園,自然生存(cun)在(zai)(zai)濕(shi)地(di)環(huan)境中。包括(kuo)丹(dan)頂鶴(he)4只、東方(fang)白(bai)鸛2只、白(bai)鶴(he)1只、灰鶴(he)4只、蓑羽鶴(he)80只。鶴(he)的自然壽(shou)命很長(chang)(chang),可以活到50、60歲,是長(chang)(chang)壽(shou)動物。訓練的鶴(he)可以表演(yan)舞蹈,給(gei)人按摩。CCTV在(zai)(zai)多次來此錄制節目。
是(shi)鄱陽湖(hu)國家(jia)濕地公(gong)園重(zhong)要(yao)組(zu)成部分,也是(shi)中(zhong)國唯(wei)一(yi)的濕地科學館(guan)。整個建筑(zhu)共(gong)分兩層,建筑(zhu)總(zong)面積為(wei)3300平方米,展(zhan)覽面積1800平方米 。
在(zai)天鵝(e)(e)湖(hu)(hu)中人工馴養候(hou)(hou)鳥包括丹頂(ding)鶴(he)、東(dong)方白(bai)鸛(guan)、蓑羽(yu)鶴(he)、大白(bai)天鵝(e)(e)、灰(hui)天鵝(e)(e)等,豐富了鄱陽湖(hu)(hu)珍(zhen)(zhen)稀候(hou)(hou)鳥種群(qun),完(wan)善鄱陽湖(hu)(hu)生(sheng)態資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)結(jie)構,也(ye)為(wei)珍(zhen)(zhen)稀動物研究提(ti)供物種資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan),并(bing)為(wei)科普教(jiao)育提(ti)供了真實案例。所有(you)珍(zhen)(zhen)禽在(zai)天鵝(e)(e)湖(hu)(hu)中常年(nian)生(sheng)活(huo)和表(biao)演(yan),并(bing)繁(fan)育后代,進一步恢復鄱陽湖(hu)(hu)濕地(di)鳥類種群(qun)結(jie)構。天鵝(e)(e)繁(fan)育及領養也(ye)是(shi)該項目(mu)的一大特色。2011年(nian)4月在(zai)孵(fu)化樓孵(fu)人工化出鄱陽湖(hu)(hu)國家濕地(di)公園第一批候(hou)(hou)鳥——24只灰(hui)天鵝(e)(e)。
是半潛式玻璃(li)欄桿結構,人在水(shui)下(xia)走(zou),魚在水(shui)中(zhong)游,零距(ju)離體驗鄱(po)陽(yang)湖魚類的(de)多樣性。
站在觀湖平臺上(shang)觀看鄱(po)陽湖國家濕(shi)地公園(yuan),共100平方公里。
生態環境良好,夏天晚上(shang)沒有(you)蚊子(zi)。村(cun)子(zi)里面有(you)一座保存完好明(ming)代寺廟(miao)永青殿(dian),距今有(you)四百(bai)年的(de)歷史。里面供奉(feng)的(de)是湖(hu)神萬法祖(zu)師,當地的(de)漁(yu)民捕(bu)魚(yu)前都會祭祀(si)萬法祖(zu)師,保佑(you)自己平安歸來(lai)。
又被稱為“鄱陽湖(hu)草海”。傳說這(zhe)里原先是一個幾十戶(hu)人家的小村莊(zhuang),因洲上(shang)土壤肥(fei)沃(wo),村子的四周種(zhong)了(le)很多芝麻,家家都有磨香油的油坊,因此得名(ming)香油洲。另(ling)一種(zhong)說法(fa)是,豐水期時(shi)(shi),這(zhe)里的草被肥(fei)沃(wo)的淤泥淹沒了(le),等枯(ku)水期時(shi)(shi),草慢慢發芽生(sheng)長,有的草高可達1.5米,在(zai)陽光的照射下,熠(yi)熠(yi)發光,上(shang)面就(jiu)像(xiang)浮(fu)了(le)一層(ceng)油,并伴有濃(nong)郁(yu)的清香味(wei),因此就(jiu)叫香油洲。
90元(大(da)門票+內湖(hu)船票)
飛機:
南昌/九江/上饒機(ji)場——城市長途客(ke)車(che)——鄱陽(yang)縣(xian)——乘坐(zuo)旅游大巴——鄱陽(yang)湖國家濕地公園景區(qu)
火車:
九江站——城市(shi)長途客運站——鄱陽(yang)縣(xian)——鄱陽(yang)湖國家濕地(di)公園
高鐵:
田畈街站——鄱陽湖國家濕地公園
自駕:
1、南昌出發:
從南昌市出(chu)發——沿(yan)昌東南樞(shu)紐朝鷹潭(tan)方向(xiang)行駛——德昌高速——鄱(po)陽(yang)珠湖(hu)收費站出(chu)口——經鄱(po)陽(yang)縣城——鄱(po)陽(yang)湖(hu)國家濕地公園烏金汊游客服(fu)務(wu)中心(xin)。
2、上饒市或(huo)鷹(ying)潭出發:
沿鷹潭樞紐——景鷹高速——鄱陽(yang)蘆田出(chu)口——經鄱陽(yang)縣(xian)城(cheng)——鄱陽(yang)湖國(guo)家濕地公園烏(wu)金汊(cha)游客(ke)服(fu)務(wu)中心。
3、九(jiu)江市或景德鎮(zhen)出發:
沿杭瑞高速(su)九景段——鄱(po)(po)(po)陽(yang)田畈街經(jing)鄱(po)(po)(po)陽(yang)縣城——鄱(po)(po)(po)陽(yang)湖國(guo)家濕地公園烏金汊游客(ke)服(fu)務中心。
縣內交通:
1、在縣城內乘坐出租(zu)車到鄱(po)陽湖國家濕(shi)地公園,車程(cheng)15分鐘,費用大概50元(yuan)左右。
2、在縣城汽車站(zhan)乘坐團林-鄱(po)陽湖國(guo)家濕地公園中(zhong)巴車,坐到終點站(zhan)下車即到。車程20分鐘左右(you),費(fei)用(yong)10元。
公園位(wei)于東(dong)南地(di)(di)(di)洼區贛桂地(di)(di)(di)洼系東(dong)北端(duan)。元古代起(qi)進入地(di)(di)(di)槽階段。震旦紀(ji)(ji)(ji)后(hou)期地(di)(di)(di)槽封閉為陸臺。志(zhi)留紀(ji)(ji)(ji)至下泥盆紀(ji)(ji)(ji),形(xing)成(cheng)了北北東(dong)——南南西(xi)向褶皺狀山脈(mo)。石炭紀(ji)(ji)(ji)至二疊(die)紀(ji)(ji)(ji),地(di)(di)(di)殼(ke)下降。二疊(die)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)末、三疊(die)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)初,海西(xi)運(yun)動(dong)發生。三疊(die)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong),南部、中(zhong)部下沉,形(xing)成(cheng)砂頁巖(yan)(yan)含煤建造。侏(zhu)羅紀(ji)(ji)(ji)末,發生燕山運(yun)動(dong),伴隨激烈的火成(cheng)巖(yan)(yan)活(huo)動(dong)。白堊紀(ji)(ji)(ji)開始,地(di)(di)(di)殼(ke)活(huo)動(dong)更加強烈,西(xi)南部急速(su)下降,末期燕山運(yun)動(dong)結束,地(di)(di)(di)殼(ke)又急速(su)上升(sheng),至第四紀(ji)(ji)(ji),地(di)(di)(di)殼(ke)活(huo)動(dong)以升(sheng)降為主(zhu),湖濱及各支流堆積不(bu)等的沖積、淤積層(ceng)。各期地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng),除古代部分缺(que)失(shi)外,均(jun)有出露。
公園主(zhu)要由低(di)(di)山、丘(qiu)陵和(he)平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)組成。西(xi)南角低(di)(di),為鄱陽湖盆(pen)地(di)。以高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)和(he)成因為主(zhu)要依據,公園地(di)貌具體分為三類:構(gou)造剝蝕(shi)低(di)(di)山丘(qiu)陵區(qu)高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)在100~200米(mi)之間,高(gao)峰為尖(jian)頂峰,海拔124.8米(mi);侵蝕(shi)剝蝕(shi)壟崗(gang)區(qu)高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)在50~100米(mi)之間,巖底有變質(zhi)巖、沉積巖、紅色砂巖三種;堆積平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)在50米(mi)以下(xia),包括河(he)谷沖積平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)、三角洲平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)、淤積平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)三種。
土壤質地:
公園(yuan)屬于鄱陽湖盆地,是(shi)江西(xi)第四(si)系沉積(ji)中心,以河(he)流、湖泊(bo)相沉積(ji)為主,沉積(ji)物粒度總(zong)的(de)趨勢是(shi)自下而上由粗變(bian)細。一(yi)般厚(hou)(hou)度變(bian)化(hua)規(gui)律是(shi)河(he)谷(gu)向湖區(qu)增大(da),厚(hou)(hou)度約(yue)為30~40米(mi),在(zai)三角洲前(qian)緣可達(da)76米(mi)。區(qu)內基本為三角洲平原,主要(yao)分布比較均(jun)一(yi)的(de)壤土質地。
土壤類型與分布:
公園內主(zhu)要發育(yu)有(you)5種土壤(rang)類(lei)型:紅壤(rang)(棕紅壤(rang))、水(shui)稻土、黃褐土、沖積土和潮土(濕潮土),其分布與高程(cheng)和微地形有(you)關,由湖岸向(xiang)湖心(xin)成帶狀分異(yi)基礎(chu)上的鑲嵌分布。
公園(yuan)地處亞熱帶地區,氣(qi)候(hou)溫和,雨(yu)量充沛(pei),四季分(fen)明,日照充足,無霜期長(chang)。
(1)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen):年均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)16.9℃~17.7℃之間(jian)。七(qi)月份氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)最高,平均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)29.6℃,極端(duan)最高氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)39.7℃;一月份氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)最低,平均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)5.0℃,極端(duan)最低氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)為(wei)-13.3℃。
(2)日照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao):濕地(di)公園(yuan)屬光(guang)資(zi)源(yuan)豐富的地(di)區。年(nian)平(ping)均日照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)時數達2000小時以上,日照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)百分率(lv)平(ping)均為40%以上。日照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)最多月(yue)份為7~8月(yue),日照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)最少月(yue)份為2~3月(yue),太陽(yang)輻射量年(nian)平(ping)均115.6千卡/平(ping)方厘米(mi)。
(3)風(feng):冬季(ji)受(shou)(shou)大(da)陸(lu)高(gao)壓影(ying)響,地面(mian)多為偏北(bei)(bei)風(feng)。夏季(ji)受(shou)(shou)副熱帶高(gao)壓控制,偶有臺(tai)風(feng)影(ying)響,地面(mian)多偏南風(feng)。春(chun)秋為過(guo)渡(du)性季(ji)節,偏北(bei)(bei)風(feng)和偏南風(feng)可以互見,但以東北(bei)(bei)風(feng)為主(zhu),西北(bei)(bei)風(feng)也時有可見。平(ping)(ping)均(jun)風(feng)速3.0米/秒,最(zui)大(da)風(feng)速為30米/秒,各月(yue)風(feng)速2.5~3.7米/秒。年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)大(da)風(feng)日(ri)數(shu)9.7日(ri)。
(4)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu):降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)受季風氣候的影(ying)響,夏季明顯(xian)多于冬季。年平均降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)量1600毫米。降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)量年際變(bian)化大(da),降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)季節也差異很大(da)。年平均降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)日為(wei)140.9天。
(5)霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍:霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍有早霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍、晚(wan)霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍,10月(yue)到11月(yue)出現(xian)的霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍為早霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍,3、4月(yue)出現(xian)的霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍為晚(wan)霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍。平(ping)均無霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)期為274.5天
公(gong)園(yuan)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被具有植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類豐富(fu)、地(di)(di)(di)理成(cheng)分復(fu)雜多樣、廣布植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)繁(fan)多的(de)(de)特(te)點。據不完全統計,共有維管(guan)束(shu)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)141種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),隸屬(shu)(shu)43科(ke)(ke),99屬(shu)(shu)。其中蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)4科(ke)(ke)5屬(shu)(shu)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);裸子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)1科(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),被子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)38科(ke)(ke)92屬(shu)(shu)134種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),以菊科(ke)(ke)(Compositae)、禾本科(ke)(ke)(Gramineae)、莎草科(ke)(ke)(Cyperaceae)為優勢科(ke)(ke)。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)內的(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)分別占江西(xi)省(sheng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)維管(guan)束(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)總(zong)(zong)科(ke)(ke)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、總(zong)(zong)屬(shu)(shu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、總(zong)(zong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)41.18%、34.74%、23.23%。在141種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)中,有浮水植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)16種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),沉(chen)水植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),挺(ting)水植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)19種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)94種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),浮水、沉(chen)水、挺(ting)水和(he)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)分別占濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)總(zong)(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)11.35%、8.51%、13.48%和(he)66.66%。這些數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據充(chong)分說明了鄱(po)陽湖濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類豐富(fu)的(de)(de)特(te)點,也(ye)表明該濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)所在區也(ye)是江西(xi)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)區系較豐富(fu)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)區之一。
通(tong)過實地調查(cha)和(he)原始資料的(de)整理,在公園先后發現野(ye)生脊(ji)椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)共(gong)計249種(zhong),隸(li)屬(shu)于33目77科,其(qi)種(zhong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)為江(jiang)西(xi)(xi)已知脊(ji)椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)總數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)29.0%。其(qi)中列為國家(jia)一級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保護(hu)(hu)的(de)野(ye)生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)4種(zhong),國家(jia)二級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保護(hu)(hu)的(de)野(ye)生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)17種(zhong),占(zhan)江(jiang)西(xi)(xi)省國家(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保護(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)總數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)24.4%;省級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保護(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)63種(zhong),占(zhan)總數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)56.8%。
魚類:
魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)有(you)6目14科(ke)68種(zhong)(zhong),種(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)占(zhan)江(jiang)西(xi)已知(zhi)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)33.2%。魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)中(zhong)以(yi)(yi)鯉科(ke)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)為(wei)主,種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)約占(zhan)56.0%,經(jing)濟魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)約占(zhan)總種(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)的(de)(de)81.4%。如(ru)(ru)鯉、鯽(ji)、草魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、餐條、鳊、紅鰭鲌(ba)、鰱(lian)(lian)、鳙(yong)、黃(huang)尾鲴、翹嘴(zui)紅鲌(ba)、泥(ni)鰍、鯰魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、黃(huang)顙魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、胡子鯰、烏鱧、鱖(gui)等。鄱(po)陽(yang)湖國家濕地公(gong)園內的(de)(de)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)從(cong)生態類(lei)(lei)(lei)型劃(hua)分,絕大多數(shu)屬廣布性(xing)(xing)緩水流(liu)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)和靜水魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei),如(ru)(ru)鯉、鯽(ji)、鳊、魴、鰱(lian)(lian)、鳙(yong)等。以(yi)(yi)食(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)劃(hua)分,調查所(suo)獲的(de)(de)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)中(zhong),草食(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)6種(zhong)(zhong),占(zhan)8.8%;雜(za)食(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)44種(zhong)(zhong),占(zhan)64.7%;肉食(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)18種(zhong)(zhong),占(zhan)26.5%,雜(za)食(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)占(zhan)大多數(shu),草食(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)所(suo)占(zhan)比例較(jiao)(jiao)小,肉食(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)不僅種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)增加,而(er)且數(shu)量(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)以(yi)(yi)前增多。有(you)長(chang)吻鮠(wei)、鰻鱺(li)、暗紋東方鲀、吻鰕虎魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)為(wei)江(jiang)西(xi)省重點(dian)保護野生動物。經(jing)濟價值較(jiao)(jiao)高而(er)且產量(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)大的(de)(de)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)有(you)青魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、草魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、鰱(lian)(lian)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、鳙(yong)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、鯉魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、鯽(ji)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、泥(ni)鰍、鯰魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、黃(huang)鱔(shan)、黃(huang)顙魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、鱖(gui)、鰻鱺(li)等。
兩棲動物:
兩(liang)棲(qi)動(dong)物有(you)2目7科(ke)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數為(wei)江西已知兩(liang)棲(qi)動(dong)物的(de)30.8%。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)科(ke)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類最(zui)多(duo)有(you)為(wei)1屬(shu)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)占58.3%,鋤足蟾科(ke)、蟾蜍(chu)科(ke)、樹蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)科(ke)、雨(yu)(yu)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)科(ke)和(he)(he)姬蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)科(ke)均為(wei)1屬(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),各占8.3%,無尾目共有(you)6科(ke)6屬(shu)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)國家二級重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)兩(liang)棲(qi)動(dong)物1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),即虎(hu)紋蛙(wa)(wa)(wa),國家保(bao)護(hu)的(de)有(you)益的(de)或(huo)者有(you)重(zhong)(zhong)要經濟、科(ke)學研究(jiu)價值的(de)陸(lu)生(sheng)野生(sheng)動(dong)物11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),即東方蠑螈(yuan)、淡肩角蟾、中(zhong)(zhong)華大(da)蟾蜍(chu)、日本林蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)、黑斑蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)、沼(zhao)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)、澤蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)、金(jin)線蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)、大(da)樹蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)、中(zhong)(zhong)國雨(yu)(yu)蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)和(he)(he)飾紋姬蛙(wa)(wa)(wa);其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)東方蠑螈(yuan)、中(zhong)(zhong)華大(da)蟾蜍(chu)和(he)(he)黑斑蛙(wa)(wa)(wa)還是江西省(sheng)重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)動(dong)物。
爬行動物:
爬(pa)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)2目(mu)8科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)24種,其(qi)種數為(wei)江西已知爬(pa)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)30.4%。其(qi)中(zhong)龜鱉目(mu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)2種,包括龜科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)1種及鱉科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)1種,分別約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)該地(di)爬(pa)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)總種數的(de)(de)4.2%。有(you)鱗目(mu)6科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)19屬(shu)22種,其(qi)中(zhong)游蛇(she)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)種類最多,有(you)11屬(shu)13種,約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)該地(di)爬(pa)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)總種數的(de)(de)54.2%;石龍子科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)3種,約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)12.5%;眼鏡蛇(she)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)和蝰科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)均為(wei)2屬(shu)2種,約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)8.3%;壁虎科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、蜥蜴(yi)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)均為(wei)1屬(shu)1種,約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)4.2%。所有(you)24種爬(pa)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)均已列入國家(jia)保護的(de)(de)有(you)益的(de)(de)或(huo)者有(you)重要經濟、科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)學(xue)研(yan)究價值的(de)(de)陸生野生動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)名錄。此外,中(zhong)華鱉、王錦(jin)蛇(she)、黑眉錦(jin)蛇(she)、灰鼠蛇(she)、烏梢蛇(she)、銀環蛇(she)、舟山眼鏡蛇(she)還被列為(wei)江西省重點保護野生動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)。
哺乳動物:
哺乳動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)6目(mu)(mu)7科(ke)(ke)(ke)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數為(wei)江西已知(zhi)哺乳動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)12.4%。其(qi)中(zhong)食蟲目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)(猬科(ke)(ke)(ke))1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)占(zhan)當地哺乳動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)總數的(de)(de)7.7%;兔形(xing)目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)(兔科(ke)(ke)(ke))1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)占(zhan)7.7%;翼手(shou)目(mu)(mu)(蝙(bian)蝠科(ke)(ke)(ke))1科(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)占(zhan)15.4%;嚙齒目(mu)(mu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)4屬(shu)(shu)(shu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),包(bao)括松鼠(shu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)占(zhan)7.7%,鼠(shu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)(shu)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)占(zhan)38.5%;食肉目(mu)(mu)(鼬(you)科(ke)(ke)(ke))1科(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)占(zhan)15.4%;偶蹄目(mu)(mu)(豬科(ke)(ke)(ke))1科(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),占(zhan)7.7%。其(qi)中(zhong)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)鼬(you)、被列為(wei)瀕危野(ye)生動(dong)(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)國際貿易(yi)公約(yue)附(fu)錄三保護物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。國家(jia)保護的(de)(de)有(you)(you)益的(de)(de)或者有(you)(you)重要經濟、科(ke)(ke)(ke)學研究價值(zhi)的(de)(de)陸生野(ye)生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),即華南(nan)兔、隱紋花松鼠(shu)、黃(huang)(huang)(huang)鼬(you)、鼬(you)獾(huan)、野(ye)豬;其(qi)中(zhong)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)鼬(you)、鼬(you)獾(huan)還被列為(wei)江西省重點保護野(ye)生動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)。
公園有鳥類17目41科86屬132種,其種數為江西已知鳥類(lei)的(de)30.6%。其中(zhong)鸊鷉目(mu)(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)該地鳥類(lei)總種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數的(de)1.5%;鵜形(xing)目(mu)(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)0.76%;鸛形(xing)目(mu)(mu)(mu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)8屬(shu)(shu)11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)8.3%;雁形(xing)目(mu)(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)5屬(shu)(shu)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)13.6%;隼形(xing)目(mu)(mu)(mu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)4.5%;雞形(xing)目(mu)(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)0.76%;鶴形(xing)目(mu)(mu)(mu)3科(ke)(ke)(ke)8屬(shu)(shu)11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)8.3%;鴴形(xing)目(mu)(mu)(mu)4科(ke)(ke)(ke)7屬(shu)(shu)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)10.6%;鷗形(xing)目(mu)(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)2.3%;鴿形(xing)目(mu)(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)1.5%;鵑形(xing)目(mu)(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)3.0%;鸮形(xing)目(mu)(mu)(mu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)3.0%;夜鷹目(mu)(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)0.76%;雨燕目(mu)(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)0.76%;佛法僧目(mu)(mu)(mu)2科(ke)(ke)(ke)4屬(shu)(shu)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)3.0%;鴷形(xing)目(mu)(mu)(mu)1科(ke)(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)1.5%;雀形(xing)目(mu)(mu)(mu)17科(ke)(ke)(ke)35屬(shu)(shu)48種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),約(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)36.4%。
國(guo)家(jia)(jia)一(yi)級(ji)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥類(lei)4種(zhong)、國(guo)家(jia)(jia)二級(ji)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥類(lei)16種(zhong)、國(guo)家(jia)(jia)“三有”保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥類(lei)83種(zhong);省級(ji)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥類(lei)63種(zhong);國(guo)際(ji)貿易公約保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥類(lei)17種(zhong)。鄱(po)陽湖國(guo)家(jia)(jia)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公園有不少(shao)中國(guo)與日本(ben)、中國(guo)與澳大(da)利亞共同保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)候(hou)鳥,列入中日保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)協定的(de)有55種(zhong),列入中澳保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)協定的(de)有14種(zhong)。這里聚集了世界上98%的(de)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)候(hou)鳥種(zhong)群,一(yi)到冬天98%的(de)白鶴與數十萬(wan)的(de)天鵝(e)會選擇(ze)到鄱(po)陽湖越冬
白糖糕:一圈圈的(de)糕顏色呈半(ban)透明晶瑩的(de)白(bai)(bai)、口感酥松而且軟糯,上面(mian)放的(de)卻不是(shi)白(bai)(bai)糖,白(bai)(bai)糖是(shi)和在粉里(li)面(mian)的(de)。
螺螄:任何大排檔必備。
煎餅:煎餅的味道有點像油(you)條,有韭菜(cai)豆干餡(xian)和蘿卜絲餡(xian)。
米餃子:餃(jiao)子的(de)特點是皮(pi)薄餡(xian)嫩(nen),味(wei)道鮮(xian)美,形狀獨特。
米粉:有煮粉、炒粉、拌粉等(deng),各有各的特色及風味。
油炸粑:一個面盆(pen),面盆(pen)里是(shi)米粉糊。往(wang)往(wang)還會配上韭菜餡的餃子一起賣(mai)。
春鲇:鲇魚因有涎遍布全(quan)身,腥滑粘膩而得名(ming)。做為(wei)底層(ceng)魚類,喜性(xing)葷食,常棲(qi)深水污泥(ni)之中。
夏鯉:鯉為(wei)(wei)廣食性(xing)魚類。鯉為(wei)(wei)吉祥的象(xiang)征,“鯉魚跳(tiao)龍門”,使鯉在人們(men)眼中有著(zhu)升騰的隱喻,年節婚慶,紅白(bai)喜事,都喜歡以鯉魚入席。
秋鱖:在一(yi)些地區,因為唐人(ren)張志和"桃花流水鱖(gui)魚肥"的詩而(er)有了歧(qi)誤,認為鱖(gui)魚是春時(shi)的寵食。而(er)積累(lei)幾千年食魚歷史的鄱(po)陽人(ren),根據魚的生(sheng)長習性(xing)斷(duan)言,此魚秋天吃食是最佳季節。
冬鳊:鳊魚的(de)(de)正名叫魴,肉嫩味美,有(you)(you)調(diao)胃(wei)氣,利五臟,去胃(wei)風(feng)、消谷的(de)(de)功效,有(you)(you)益于人體在冬(dong)天的(de)(de)養護。
銀魚:古稱膾殘魚,又名白小。鄱陽銀魚肉質細嫩,味道鮮美。而(er)“繡花針”肥(fei)度不(bu)夠,干癟味淡;“面條”肉(rou)老筋硬,入口(kou)不(bu)適。銀魚是極富鈣質的魚類,營養學家將它列為(wei)長壽食品。
鰻鱺:又稱白鱔,簡稱鰻,洄(hui)游性(xing)魚(yu)類(lei)。此魚(yu)在秋(qiu)季游入(ru)深海產卵,幼魚(yu)變態后,進入(ru)淡水(shui)生長(chang)。形狀(zhuang)如(ru)蛇(she),肉鬣(lie)連尾,無(wu)鱗有舌(she),大者長(chang)數尺。肉嫩如(ru)豆腐,味美似(si)河豚(tun),為葷食屬(shu)性(xing)魚(yu)類(lei)。
鱭:俗名鳳尾、刨花魚(yu)(yu),是名貴的經濟魚(yu)(yu)類(lei),食用歷史悠久。
線路一:烏(wu)金汊游客服務中心——龜腦山——瓢里(li)山——龍吼山——鶴園——鄱陽湖濕地科學(xue)館——水生(sheng)植物園——天(tian)鵝之家——觀湖長廊(lang)——落雁臺——麋鹿苑——二號天(tian)橋——返程碼頭(內湖游覽線路)
線路二:烏金汊游(you)客(ke)服務中心——龜腦山(shan)——瓢里山(shan)——龍吼山(shan)——鶴(he)園——鄱(po)陽湖(hu)(hu)濕地科學館——水生植物園——天鵝之家——觀(guan)湖(hu)(hu)長廊——落(luo)雁臺(tai)——麋鹿苑——二(er)號天橋——乘(cheng)車至店前渡口(kou)——大草(cao)原景(jing)區——香油(you)州(內外湖(hu)(hu)游(you)覽線路)
線路三:白(bai)沙洲濕(shi)地(di)科(ke)學(xue)園(yuan)檢票口——鶴園(yuan)——鄱陽湖(hu)濕(shi)地(di)科(ke)學(xue)館——水生植(zhi)物園(yuan)——天(tian)(tian)鵝之家——觀湖(hu)長(chang)廊——落(luo)雁(yan)臺——麋鹿苑(yuan)——二號天(tian)(tian)橋——乘(cheng)車(che)至店前渡(du)口——大草原景區——香(xiang)油州(外湖(hu)游覽(lan)線路(lu))