站在葛仙(xian)峰上,可望(wang)見(jian)龜峰、黃崗(gang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、鵝湖山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、七星山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、獨豎尖。在葛仙(xian)峰上,近觀九條支脈如九條蒼龍(long),匯聚于大葛仙(xian)殿后,人稱“九龍(long)竄頂”,形家(jia)稱此九龍(long)匯聚之(zhi)處(chu)為風水較好之(zhi)地。遠視可見(jian)武(wu)夷(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)主峰黃崗(gang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、上饒靈山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、弋(yi)陽龜峰。
紫(zi)云(yun)(yun)峰(feng)(feng)位于大葛仙殿西(xi)北。春(chun)夏之季(ji)在紫(zi)云(yun)(yun)峰(feng)(feng)可以看(kan)到(dao)紫(zi)色的云(yun)(yun)海(hai),故(gu)名紫(zi)云(yun)(yun)峰(feng)(feng)。
香爐峰(feng)(feng)位于(yu)大葛仙殿(dian)西(xi)南約3500米(mi)處,海拔1037米(mi),山(shan)勢峻峭(qiao)挺拔,香爐峰(feng)(feng)巔恰在大葛仙殿(dian)的中(zhong)軸線(xian)和水平線(xian)上,被稱為“葛仙祠的天然香爐”。
大葛(ge)(ge)(ge)仙殿(dian)(dian)(dian)俗稱葛(ge)(ge)(ge)仙祠(ci),又稱玉虛(xu)觀,坐(zuo)落在葛(ge)(ge)(ge)仙山較高峰香爐峰上。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)長(chang)29.2米,寬17米,面積496平方米。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內有(you)壇,壇上有(you)葛(ge)(ge)(ge)仙山葛(ge)(ge)(ge)玄(xuan)行像(xiang)、坐(zuo)像(xiang)各一,有(you)橫匾6塊。壇下有(you)古(gu)井,相傳為葛(ge)(ge)(ge)玄(xuan)所筑(zhu)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)門(men)外(wai)右側有(you)三(san)(san)官(guan)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、靈官(guan)殿(dian)(dian)(dian),再(zai)由(you)百步階可(ke)通玉皇殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、地(di)母樓、慈濟寺、龍池。祠(ci)依山筑(zhu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian),座東(dong)北朝西南,有(you)大葛(ge)(ge)(ge)仙殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、老君殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、觀音殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、三(san)(san)官(guan)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、靈官(guan)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、地(di)母殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、玉皇閣(ge)等。
娘(niang)娘(niang)殿(dian)位(wei)于大葛(ge)仙殿(dian)西北3.5千(qian)米處,海拔610米。娘(niang)娘(niang)殿(dian)為紀念(nian)葛(ge)玄之母而建。傳(chuan)說葛(ge)玄在(zai)葛(ge)仙山上(shang)修(xiu)練之后(hou),其母特從江(jiang)蘇老(lao)家趕來探望,不意(yi)行至半山突然故去,未能見上(shang)兒子一面,因此在(zai)葛(ge)母仙逝(shi)處筑殿(dian)紀念(nian)。
慈濟寺(si)位于(yu)大(da)葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)殿的(de)(de)玉皇(huang)閣之(zhi)北(bei),與大(da)葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)殿相距約(yue)100米(mi)左右,低于(yu)大(da)葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)殿約(yue)25米(mi)。座(zuo)向與葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)祠相反。明朝萬歷(li)三十年(nian)(1593年(nian)),當時葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)山的(de)(de)大(da)葛(ge)仙(xian)(xian)殿有(you)萬眾(zhong)香客(ke),因(yin)人滿為(wei)患,恐生事(shi)端,道士邀請同樣(yang)在(zai)江西和東南宗教界頗(po)有(you)影(ying)響的(de)(de)鵝湖峰(feng)頂寺(si)的(de)(de)僧人前來(lai)設立分院,共理(li)廟(miao)會。形成(cheng)“一(yi)山兩(liang)教”,“道釋共處”的(de)(de)宗教文化特色。
接(jie)官亭為葛(ge)仙山(shan)之(zhi)門戶。據記載(zai),系為迎接(jie)京官內閣(ge)大員而建。每有(you)朝中大員或名士上山(shan),道長要(yao)率全山(shan)道士在接(jie)官亭恭迎。接(jie)官亭為八柱式大型牌(pai)樓(lou),融合了古代建筑造型藝術(shu)與現代建筑技術(shu)。接(jie)官亭前亭后是數百(bai)級(ji)寬闊平整的(de)登山(shan)步(bu)道。
飛(fei)升臺位于大葛仙(xian)殿東北(bei)約300米處(chu)的舍身崖(ya)上,為六方石柱雙層(ceng)仿古亭(ting)榭建筑。亭(ting)下為斷崖(ya)千(qian)尺。傳說(shuo)此處(chu)為當(dang)年葛玄羽化成仙(xian)之處(chu)。
步云亭和觀道亭均為六方石柱仿古建筑,分別(bie)位于大葛仙殿左400米和右80米的山頭上(shang),遙相(xiang)呼(hu)應。
龍須溝(gou)位于葛仙峰之西(xi),溝(gou)谷(gu)(gu)延伸(shen)5千米,龍須溝(gou)兩岸山(shan)峰相夾,崖陡谷(gu)(gu)深(shen)。谷(gu)(gu)中(zhong)怪石(shi)嶙峋(xun)。溝(gou)谷(gu)(gu)溪水湍急,撞擊(ji)溝(gou)石(shi),發出轟鳴之聲。
西潭(tan)谷(gu)(gu)位于大(da)(da)葛仙(xian)殿八卦門下,谷(gu)(gu)深數百米。站(zhan)在大(da)(da)殿外的(de)祭(ji)坪邊緣,俯(fu)視谷(gu)(gu)底(di)可見斷崖壁(bi)立、奇石(shi),烘(hong)托著葛仙(xian)祠。
高鐵路線:上饒站—鉛山縣—葛仙山鎮—葛仙山風景區。
自駕(jia)路線:打開導(dao)航搜索“上饒鉛(qian)(qian)山葛仙(xian)山風景區”,上鉛(qian)(qian)通道(dao)—鉛(qian)(qian)山書院大橋—葛仙(xian)山大道(dao)。
葛仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)位于(yu)江西省上饒市鉛山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)(xian)葛仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)鎮境內。鉛山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)(xian)屬(shu)中亞(ya)熱帶(dai)溫(wen)(wen)濕型氣候(hou),距(ju)海洋較近,受亞(ya)洲(zhou)大陸(lu)和太平(ping)洋、印度洋季風交叉影響(xiang),氣候(hou)溫(wen)(wen)和,雨量充(chong)沛,日照充(chong)足,四(si)季分明(ming),年(nian)降雨量1733—2000毫米,年(nian)平(ping)均氣溫(wen)(wen)8.7℃—17.9℃,較冷的(de)一月份平(ping)均氣溫(wen)(wen)16℃—5.6℃,較熱的(de)七(qi)月份平(ping)均氣溫(wen)(wen)18.7℃—29.4℃,平(ping)均年(nian)日照為(wei)1952小(xiao)時,常年(nian)主導(dao)風向為(wei)東(dong)南風。葛仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)系武夷山(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)支脈,葛仙峰(feng)是葛仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)景區內的(de)較高峰(feng),海拔1096.3米。
據清同(tong)治《鉛山縣志(zhi)》記(ji)載(zai),唐咸通(860年—873年)中于葛玄(xuan)煉(lian)丹處(chu)建(jian)宗(zong)華觀(guan)。
宋治平二(er)年(1065年),宗華觀賜名玉虛觀。
北宋元祜(hu)七(qi)年(nian)(1092年(nian)),玉虛觀改名為大(da)葛仙殿。后又多次修葺,經(jing)南(nan)宋、元、明幾代(dai)擴建,遂成(cheng)一氣勢宏大(da)的道(dao)教建筑群(qun),除大(da)葛仙殿外,有三官(guan)殿、靈官(guan)殿、地(di)母殿、玉皇樓。
明代嘉靖年間(1522年—1566年),葛(ge)仙山(shan)修建了接(jie)官亭。
明朝(chao)萬歷三十(shi)年(1593年),葛仙山始建慈(ci)濟寺。
清嘉慶(qing)年(nian)間(1796年(nian)—1820年(nian)),大(da)葛仙殿毀于火(huo),后修復(fu)。
民國(guo)十七年(1928年),大葛仙(xian)殿又毀于火,次年再度重建。
1995年,接(jie)官亭在(zai)原址上重建。
2015年6月2日(ri)上午,上饒市鉛山縣投資5億元打造葛(ge)仙(xian)山景(jing)區,一期工程建(jian)設(she)旅(lv)游服務中心(xin)、停車場、景(jing)區旅(lv)游公(gong)路、客(ke)運索道等,二期主要建(jian)設(she)度假(jia)酒店、商(shang)業街、養生度假(jia)區等。
2016年9月,葛仙山(shan)景區索(suo)道項(xiang)目開(kai)工,索(suo)道全(quan)長2069米(mi),高(gao)差(cha)691米(mi),單趟運輸時間為7—10分鐘。該項(xiang)目投資(zi)1.2億元,采(cai)用法(fa)國(guo)馬公司(si)進口,亞洲(zhou)較好(hao)的雙直(zhi)驅(qu)技術脫掛(gua)式客(ke)運索(suo)道設備。
2017年6月19日,鉛(qian)山縣葛(ge)仙山景(jing)(jing)區升級改造及客運索道(dao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設加速推進。該(gai)項目(mu)投(tou)資13.5億元建(jian)設,系(xi)省、市要點工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)之(zhi)一(yi),客運索道(dao)大部分(fen)支架已(yi)完成,索道(dao)站房主體結(jie)構工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)已(yi)建(jian)成,景(jing)(jing)區停車場、酒店等項目(mu)土地平整已(yi)完成。
2017年8月29日,葛(ge)仙山索道正式開通。
葛仙(xian)(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)名(ming)稱較早記載是古石印《葛仙(xian)(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)志》(殘本)收錄的(de)唐(tang)詩(shi)人白(bai)居易(yi)題《葛仙(xian)(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)景雜(za)詠》:“三天極目觀,陽村山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)落(luo)下(xia)”。證明在唐(tang)代,葛仙(xian)(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)名(ming)稱已經出(chu)現。白(bai)居易(yi)作(zuo)這(zhe)首詩(shi)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)大致為(wei)(wei)唐(tang)元和十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)至十(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(815年(nian)(nian)(nian)—818年(nian)(nian)(nian)),其時(shi)白(bai)居易(yi)被貶(bian)為(wei)(wei)江(jiang)(jiang)州(今(jin)江(jiang)(jiang)西九江(jiang)(jiang))司馬,司馬是個閑職,基本上沒(mei)有權力。正(zheng)因為(wei)(wei)如此,白(bai)居易(yi)才有時(shi)間(jian)游山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)玩水,先(xian)后(hou)到過(guo)廬山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、葛仙(xian)(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)等地。而葛仙(xian)(xian)祠(ci)建(jian)造時(shi)間(jian)較早出(chu)自(zi)萬歷《鉛書》記載,“葛仙(xian)(xian)祠(ci),在鉛山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣南西七(qi)十(shi)里(li)葛仙(xian)(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。宋元祐(you)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1092年(nian)(nian)(nian)),鄉人立祠(ci)祀(si)之。元至正(zheng)間(jian)(1341年(nian)(nian)(nian)—1368年(nian)(nian)(nian)),增建(jian)太極觀,中造仙(xian)(xian)翁像。”
據(ju)歷代郡(jun)縣志(zhi)載,漢(han)以前葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)(xian)山名云崗(gang)山,因漢(han)末赤烏元年(nian)(nian)間(238年(nian)(nian)—251年(nian)(nian))江左道(dao)士(shi)、醫藥(yao)學家、道(dao)教靈寶派創始(shi)人(ren)葛(ge)(ge)玄(xuan)(后人(ren)稱(cheng)之為葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)(xian)翁)在此煉丹(dan)、飛升,故易名葛(ge)(ge)仙(xian)(xian)山,又稱(cheng)葛(ge)(ge)山。
葛(ge)(ge)(ge)仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)是“一(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)兩(liang)教,道(dao)佛同修”。葛(ge)(ge)(ge)仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)供(gong)奉的(de)是道(dao)教靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)派始祖葛(ge)(ge)(ge)玄(xuan),也(ye)就是民間傳(chuan)說中(zhong)的(de)太極仙翁(weng)。《神仙傳(chuan)》中(zhong)載:“漢建安四(si)年,太極真人及太上玄(xuan)一(yi)三真人于會(hui)稽虞山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)以《靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)經(jing)(jing)》授太極左仙翁(weng)葛(ge)(ge)(ge)玄(xuan)。”其(qi)后,葛(ge)(ge)(ge)玄(xuan)輾轉(zhuan)至(zhi)江西楊村云(yun)崗山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)結(jie)廬修持。鄉人感其(qi)靈(ling)(ling)驗(yan),遂改云(yun)崗山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)為葛(ge)(ge)(ge)仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。葛(ge)(ge)(ge)玄(xuan)羽化后,其(qi)侄(zhi)孫葛(ge)(ge)(ge)洪(hong)(hong)成(cheng)為靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)宗(zong)的(de)重要傳(chuan)人,葛(ge)(ge)(ge)洪(hong)(hong)從孫葛(ge)(ge)(ge)巢(chao)甫又(you)進一(yi)步(bu)將古(gu)《靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)經(jing)(jing)》發(fa)揚(yang)光大,著新《靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)經(jing)(jing)》,并正式開山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)立(li)宗(zong),創靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)派。葛(ge)(ge)(ge)仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)也(ye)自(zi)然成(cheng)了靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)派好地方——中(zhong)華道(dao)教靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)第一(yi)仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。唐宋間,靈(ling)(ling)寶(bao)派昌(chang)盛。唐代(dai)懿宗(zong)皇(huang)帝,北宋英宗(zong)、徽宗(zong),南(nan)宋理宗(zong)皇(huang)帝皆賜封葛(ge)(ge)(ge)玄(xuan)、敕(chi)建仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。來葛(ge)(ge)(ge)仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)創建佛教慈(ci)(ci)濟(ji)寺(si)的(de)乃是鵝(e)湖峰頂(ding)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)慈(ci)(ci)濟(ji)禪(chan)寺(si)六堂之(zhi)一(yi)“隆隱堂”的(de)高(gao)僧大德。這鵝(e)湖慈(ci)(ci)濟(ji)禪(chan)寺(si)的(de)開山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)始祖又(you)是唐代(dai)佛教界的(de)大義慧覺禪(chan)師(shi),他先后歷經(jing)(jing)四(si)朝皇(huang)帝,蒙賜錫杖(zhang)、玉環,敕(chi)建鵝(e)湖寺(si)宅,為天(tian)下八大叢林(lin)之(zhi)一(yi)。葛(ge)(ge)(ge)仙山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)慈(ci)(ci)濟(ji)寺(si)即為鵝(e)湖峰頂(ding)慈(ci)(ci)濟(ji)禪(chan)寺(si)分寺(si)。
葛玄在鉛山修煉,歷代郡縣志均有(you)(you)(you)記載(zai)(zai)。如:明代萬歷四(si)十六(liu)年(1618年)《鉛書》記載(zai)(zai):“(縣治)南七十里,日葛仙(xian)(xian)山,其高三(san)十有(you)(you)(you)六(liu),二十里,漢仙(xian)(xian)人葛玄之(zhi)所筑也(ye)(ye)。爰有(you)(you)(you)仙(xian)(xian)壇、香爐、水碙,皆(jie)鐵冶。有(you)(you)(you)仙(xian)(xian)井焉,有(you)(you)(you)龍池焉,有(you)(you)(you)上(shang)馬石,下馬石,息心(xin)石;有(you)(you)(you)試劍石,字書精妙;有(you)(you)(you)飛升臺(tai),懸峰凌虛;有(you)(you)(you)鶴跡鹿(lu)蹄。”“鉛山邑小(xiao),而(er)道集其大(da),門辟以(yi)三(san):有(you)(you)(you)朱呂二陸(lu)四(si)儒也(ye)(ye),有(you)(you)(you)大(da)義、智孚、云震三(san)禪(chan)也(ye)(ye);遡而(er)上(shang)之(zhi),又(you)有(you)(you)(you)葛孝先焉。四(si)儒興(xing)于(yu)宋,三(san)禪(chan)住于(yu)唐,而(er)葛仙(xian)(xian)則始于(yu)漢。翹翹三(san)氏之(zhi)宗(zong),皆(jie)萃之(zhi)于(yu)鉛山,鉛山之(zhi)學合三(san)氏,而(er)知(zhi)所適從矣。”
佛(fo)教寺院的“慈濟寺”匾額(e)為中(zhong)國佛(fo)協會長(chang),書法家趙(zhao)樸初(chu)題寫。山上的石刻(ke)碑林是按(an)道教太極衍生圖和(he)《洛書》布(bu)列,深(shen)含《易(yi)理(li)》,堪(kan)稱江南一絕。
貴溪(xi)人(ren)夏言(yan),官居(ju)明代嘉(jia)靖年(nian)間內閣首(shou)(shou)輔。據(ju)說夏言(yan)對葛仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)仰(yang)慕不已(yi),傳言(yan)他(ta)曾(ceng)請畫家把山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)畫下,懸(xuan)于靜室(shi),時時觀看,聲聲慨嘆(tan)。夏言(yan)對葛仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)喜(xi)愛是(shi)受到了他(ta)的(de)前任、明正德年(nian)間大學(xue)士、內閣首(shou)(shou)輔費(fei)(fei)宏的(de)影響,費(fei)(fei)宏是(shi)鉛山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)人(ren),和(he)夏言(yan)也算(suan)是(shi)鄉鄰(lin)。費(fei)(fei)宏出任首(shou)(shou)輔后(hou)曾(ceng)赴葛仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)祭祀,籌劃擴建祠觀事(shi)宜,并親(qin)題匾額,議(yi)定每年(nian)開山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)門日期(qi),留下了費(fei)(fei)宰相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)為葛仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)換(huan)夏布鼓(gu)的(de)傳說。費(fei)(fei)宏去世后(hou),夏言(yan)奉(feng)旨(zhi)護送費(fei)(fei)宏靈柩歸里,趁便(bian)登葛仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)一(yi)覽真容,了卻平生心愿,留下了夏宰相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)夢中與葛仙(xian)翁論道,自嘆(tan)不如,醒來后(hou)脫(tuo)下冠袍玉帶親(qin)手披于葛仙(xian)翁塑像上(shang)的(de)佳話。葛仙(xian)翁塑像即(ji)著宰相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)袍服,稱(cheng)為“天(tian)機內相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)”。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)志記載夏言(yan)親(qin)自議(yi)定每年(nian)十月一(yi)日為葛仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)關閉山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)門日期(qi)。
唐代(dai)(dai)(dai)白(bai)居(ju)(ju)易、李(li)商(shang)隱、韋應物;宋代(dai)(dai)(dai)王安石(shi)、熊元(yuan)復、金熙;明代(dai)(dai)(dai)姚昶、龔敞(chang)、柯(ke)仲炯等都登山(shan)游覽祭祀,皆(jie)作(zuo)詩文題詠(yong),且多(duo)有佳句。白(bai)居(ju)(ju)易到(dao)葛(ge)仙山(shan)作(zuo)詩曰(yue)“三天(tian)極目觀(guan),楊村山(shan)落下”;李(li)商(shang)隱則(ze)贊葛(ge)仙山(shan)“日(ri)臥云霞窩,嵩華并五(wu)岳”;姚昶贊之曰(yue):“兒孫羅列獨巍然(ran),磅(bang)礴應居(ju)(ju)太古前。”明代(dai)(dai)(dai)御史桂榮:“葛(ge)仙之山(shan)斗柄極,撐去東南天(tian)半壁(bi)”。內閣首輔夏(xia)言也坦言:“到(dao)此方覺宇宙寬”。