基本信息
廖坊水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)是撫州興建(jian)(jian)的第二(er)座(zuo)大型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)址(zhi)位于撫河干流(liu)中游(you)的臨(lin)川鵬田(tian)鄉(xiang)廖坊村,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)因位居(ju)(ju)其(qi)側而得名。涉(she)及東鄉(xiang)、金(jin)(jin)溪、臨(lin)川三(san)縣(xian)(區(qu))及金(jin)(jin)巢經濟開發區(qu)25個(ge)鄉(xiang)(鎮、場(chang))、61萬(wan)人。壩(ba)(ba)(ba)址(zhi)以上(shang)控制流(liu)域(yu)面積7060平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)公里,多(duo)年平(ping)均(jun)徑流(liu)量70.6億立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)。工程以防洪(hong)(hong)和(he)灌溉為(wei)主(zhu),兼顧發電、供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)航(hang)運(yun)等(deng)綜(zong)合效(xiao)益。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)正常蓄(xu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位65米(mi)(mi),汛期(qi)防洪(hong)(hong)限制水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位為(wei)61米(mi)(mi),防洪(hong)(hong)高(gao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位67.94米(mi)(mi)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)總庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容4.32億立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi),防洪(hong)(hong)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容3.1億立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi),調洪(hong)(hong)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容3.44億立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi),調節庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容1.14億立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)。電站(zhan)總裝機容量4.95萬(wan)千瓦。大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)全長(chang)283米(mi)(mi),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)高(gao)程70.5米(mi)(mi),最大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)38.2米(mi)(mi)。主(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)設計洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)準為(wei)100年一遇(yu),設計標(biao)準洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)下泄流(liu)量為(wei)6000立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)/秒。在距主(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)上(shang)游(you)約2公里右岸三(san)處埡(wu)口(kou)設三(san)座(zuo)副壩(ba)(ba)(ba),三(san)座(zuo)副壩(ba)(ba)(ba)均(jun)為(wei)均(jun)質土壩(ba)(ba)(ba),最大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)分別為(wei)9.8米(mi)(mi)、2.8米(mi)(mi)、2.5米(mi)(mi)。庫(ku)(ku)(ku)區(qu)內淹沒(mei)范圍涉(she)及臨(lin)川區(qu)的鵬田(tian),金(jin)(jin)溪縣(xian)的石門(men),南城縣(xian)的岳(yue)口(kou)、徐家、洪(hong)(hong)門(men)、建(jian)(jian)昌等(deng)6個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮,39個(ge)村(居(ju)(ju))委會(hui),庫(ku)(ku)(ku)區(qu)移民18556人,淹沒(mei)耕地28403畝。
地理位置
廖坊水庫大(da)壩之(zhi)所(suo)以選擇(ze)在廖坊村側,主要有兩(liang)方(fang)面原(yuan)因:其(qi)一是這里(li)流(liu)域控制面積大(da),廣昌、南(nan)豐、南(nan)城、黎川等縣河流(liu)的水系均交匯于此(ci),其(qi)有效(xiao)控制面高達7060平方(fang)公里(li);其(qi)二是這里(li)天然條(tiao)件(jian)優(you),壩址兩(liang)山間距只(zhi)有298米,且山石堅硬,十(shi)分利于攔河筑(zhu)壩。有專家(jia)說,此(ci)處(chu)建壩條(tiao)件(jian)是近十(shi)年來江西(xi)省境內最好(hao)的。
建設歷程
從廖坊水(shui)利樞紐工(gong)程規(gui)劃的提出到正式開工(gong),歷(li)時46年,工(gong)程項目曾三次提交國務院總理辦公(gong)會審議,三任省長將(jiang)其寫進(jin)了《政(zheng)府工(gong)作報告》。
廖(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)樞(shu)(shu)紐(niu)(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)早在(zai)(zai)(zai)1956年(nian)(nian),在(zai)(zai)(zai)長(chang)江流(liu)域(yu)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong),就(jiu)被列為(wei)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)目。在(zai)(zai)(zai)國家第七(qi)個(ge)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)計劃(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong),該(gai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)還被列為(wei)撫河流(liu)域(yu)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)的(de)(de)重點項(xiang)(xiang)目。然(ran)而,由于(yu)種種原因,該(gai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)直至(zhi)1990年(nian)(nian)3月《撫河流(liu)域(yu)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)報告》通(tong)過(guo)(guo)江西省(sheng)(sheng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)設計院(yuan)(yuan)審查后(hou),才真正被提(ti)到各級領(ling)導的(de)(de)議(yi)事日(ri)(ri)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)。1990年(nian)(nian)3月,省(sheng)(sheng)政府(fu)批準撫河流(liu)域(yu)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)。隨后(hou)撫州成立“廖(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)樞(shu)(shu)紐(niu)(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)籌備工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作小組”,不久又(you)成立“廖(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)籌建處”。1996年(nian)(nian)8月19日(ri)(ri),省(sheng)(sheng)計委同意興建廖(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)樞(shu)(shu)紐(niu)(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。1997年(nian)(nian)1月,成立“廖(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)樞(shu)(shu)紐(niu)(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有限(xian)責任公司”,注(zhu)冊資金400萬元(yuan)(yuan)。6月27日(ri)(ri),廖(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)樞(shu)(shu)紐(niu)(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)征山征地的(de)(de)前期工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作全(quan)部完成。1999年(nian)(nian)12月23日(ri)(ri),國務院(yuan)(yuan)總(zong)(zong)理辦公室研(yan)究批準該(gai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立項(xiang)(xiang),總(zong)(zong)投資12.09億元(yuan)(yuan),其(qi)中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)部投資3.5億元(yuan)(yuan),省(sheng)(sheng)、市投資5.99億元(yuan)(yuan),銀行貸款3億元(yuan)(yuan)。2002年(nian)(nian)7月12日(ri)(ri)順利(li)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)部審批后(hou),9月10日(ri)(ri),在(zai)(zai)(zai)第137次國務院(yuan)(yuan)總(zong)(zong)理辦公會上(shang)順利(li)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)了工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)報告。10月28日(ri)(ri),廖(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)樞(shu)(shu)紐(niu)(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)儀式在(zai)(zai)(zai)撫河岸邊的(de)(de)毛家灣(wan)舉行。從(cong)此,撫州的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)史翻(fan)開了嶄新的(de)(de)一(yi)頁(ye)。2007年(nian)(nian)12月19日(ri)(ri)上(shang)午(wu),廖(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)灌區奠(dian)基典禮在(zai)(zai)(zai)東鄉縣大富(fu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)園區隆重舉行,省(sheng)(sheng)委副書記、省(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)吳新雄宣布工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)奠(dian)基。
工程效益
廖坊(fang)水(shui)(shui)利樞(shu)(shu)紐工(gong)(gong)程意義(yi)巨大(da)(da)。首先,該工(gong)(gong)程有(you)助于(yu)提高撫(fu)(fu)(fu)河(he)防洪標(biao)準。我省(sheng)境(jing)內有(you)5條(tiao)大(da)(da)江(jiang)(jiang)大(da)(da)河(he),撫(fu)(fu)(fu)河(he)列居(ju)第二,僅次于(yu)贛江(jiang)(jiang)。在(zai)這5條(tiao)大(da)(da)江(jiang)(jiang)大(da)(da)河(he)上(shang),除撫(fu)(fu)(fu)河(he)外其余4條(tiao)江(jiang)(jiang)河(he)的上(shang)游均設有(you)控制(zhi)性水(shui)(shui)利樞(shu)(shu)紐工(gong)(gong)程,唯獨撫(fu)(fu)(fu)河(he)上(shang)游干流為空白。而鳥瞰撫(fu)(fu)(fu)河(he),下(xia)游乃美麗富(fu)饒的贛撫(fu)(fu)(fu)平(ping)原,是江(jiang)(jiang)西省(sheng)境(jing)內人(ren)口(kou)稠密(mi)、經濟發(fa)達地區,有(you)南昌、撫(fu)(fu)(fu)州等城市及(ji)重(zhong)要的鐵路(lu)、公(gong)路(lu)干線。由于(yu)缺乏骨干控制(zhi)性水(shui)(shui)利樞(shu)(shu)紐工(gong)(gong)程,防洪問題突出。廖坊(fang)水(shui)(shui)利樞(shu)(shu)紐工(gong)(gong)程建成后,將使壩址以下(xia)撫(fu)(fu)(fu)河(he)重(zhong)要圩堤防洪標(biao)準由50年一遇提高到(dao)100年一遇。
其次,廖(liao)坊水利樞紐工程具(ju)有巨(ju)大的灌(guan)溉(gai)效益,它的建成將為我市改善、新(xin)(xin)增農田灌(guan)溉(gai)面積50.3萬(wan)畝,其中(zhong)新(xin)(xin)增農田灌(guan)溉(gai)面積21.9萬(wan)畝;每年還可以為周圍城鎮提供工業(ye)和生活用(yong)水2670萬(wan)立方米,從而加速(su)一方經濟發展。
同時,廖(liao)坊(fang)水(shui)(shui)利(li)樞紐(niu)工程還(huan)兼有發(fa)電效益。據了解,廖(liao)坊(fang)水(shui)(shui)電站裝(zhuang)機總容量為4.95(3臺)萬(wan)瓦(wa),年發(fa)電量1.56億(yi)度,可(ke)大大緩解我(wo)市(shi)電力供(gong)需(xu)矛盾(dun)緊張狀態,為我(wo)市(shi)區域電網的調峰、提高供(gong)電質(zhi)量起到十分(fen)積(ji)極作用。此外(wai),廖(liao)坊(fang)水(shui)(shui)利(li)樞紐(niu)工程正常水(shui)(shui)面(mian)高達37.08平方(fang)公(gong)里,不(bu)僅具有水(shui)(shui)產養殖功能,還(huan)可(ke)以發(fa)展旅游業(ye)。