基本信息
廖坊水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)是撫(fu)州興建的(de)第二座大型(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)址(zhi)位于撫(fu)河干流中(zhong)游的(de)臨川(chuan)鵬(peng)田鄉廖坊村,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)因位居(ju)其側而得名。涉及東鄉、金溪(xi)(xi)、臨川(chuan)三(san)(san)(san)(san)縣(xian)(xian)(區(qu))及金巢經濟開發區(qu)25個(ge)鄉(鎮、場)、61萬人(ren)。壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)址(zhi)以(yi)上控制流域面積7060平方(fang)公里,多(duo)年平均徑流量70.6億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。工程(cheng)以(yi)防洪(hong)(hong)和(he)(he)灌溉(gai)為(wei)主(zhu),兼顧發電、供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)航運等綜合效益。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)正常蓄水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位65米(mi)(mi)(mi),汛期防洪(hong)(hong)限制水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位為(wei)61米(mi)(mi)(mi),防洪(hong)(hong)高(gao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位67.94米(mi)(mi)(mi)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)總庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)4.32億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi),防洪(hong)(hong)庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)3.1億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi),調洪(hong)(hong)庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)3.44億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi),調節庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)1.14億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。電站總裝(zhuang)機容(rong)量4.95萬千瓦。大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)全長283米(mi)(mi)(mi),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)高(gao)程(cheng)70.5米(mi)(mi)(mi),最(zui)大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)38.2米(mi)(mi)(mi)。主(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)設計(ji)洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)標(biao)準(zhun)為(wei)100年一遇,設計(ji)標(biao)準(zhun)洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)下泄流量為(wei)6000立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒。在距主(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)上游約2公里右岸三(san)(san)(san)(san)處埡(wu)口(kou)設三(san)(san)(san)(san)座副(fu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),三(san)(san)(san)(san)座副(fu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)均為(wei)均質土壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),最(zui)大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)分別為(wei)9.8米(mi)(mi)(mi)、2.8米(mi)(mi)(mi)、2.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)。庫(ku)(ku)區(qu)內(nei)淹沒(mei)范(fan)圍(wei)涉及臨川(chuan)區(qu)的(de)鵬(peng)田,金溪(xi)(xi)縣(xian)(xian)的(de)石(shi)門(men),南(nan)城縣(xian)(xian)的(de)岳口(kou)、徐家、洪(hong)(hong)門(men)、建昌等6個(ge)鄉鎮,39個(ge)村(居(ju))委會(hui),庫(ku)(ku)區(qu)移民(min)18556人(ren),淹沒(mei)耕地28403畝。
地理位置
廖坊水庫(ku)大(da)壩之所以(yi)選(xuan)擇(ze)在(zai)廖坊村側,主(zhu)要有(you)兩方面原因:其(qi)一是這里(li)流域控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)面積大(da),廣昌、南(nan)(nan)豐、南(nan)(nan)城、黎(li)川等(deng)縣河流的水系均交匯于(yu)此(ci),其(qi)有(you)效控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)面高達7060平方公里(li);其(qi)二是這里(li)天然條件優,壩址兩山(shan)間(jian)距(ju)只有(you)298米,且山(shan)石堅硬,十分利于(yu)攔(lan)河筑壩。有(you)專家說,此(ci)處建壩條件是近十年來江(jiang)西省境(jing)內最(zui)好(hao)的。
建設歷程
從廖坊水利樞紐工程(cheng)規劃的提出(chu)到正(zheng)式開工,歷時46年,工程(cheng)項目曾三(san)次提交國務院總理辦公會審議(yi),三(san)任省長將(jiang)其寫進了《政(zheng)府工作(zuo)報告》。
廖坊水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)樞(shu)(shu)紐(niu)(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)早在(zai)(zai)1956年(nian),在(zai)(zai)長江(jiang)流(liu)域(yu)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)中,就被(bei)列(lie)為規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)項(xiang)目。在(zai)(zai)國(guo)家(jia)第(di)七個五年(nian)計劃(hua)(hua)中,該工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)還被(bei)列(lie)為撫(fu)河(he)流(liu)域(yu)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)中的重(zhong)點項(xiang)目。然而,由于種(zhong)種(zhong)原因,該工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)直(zhi)至1990年(nian)3月(yue)(yue)(yue)《撫(fu)河(he)流(liu)域(yu)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)報(bao)告(gao)》通過(guo)江(jiang)西省水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)設計院(yuan)(yuan)審(shen)查后,才真正被(bei)提(ti)到各(ge)級領導(dao)的議(yi)事日(ri)(ri)(ri)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上。1990年(nian)3月(yue)(yue)(yue),省政府(fu)批(pi)準撫(fu)河(he)流(liu)域(yu)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)。隨后撫(fu)州(zhou)成(cheng)立(li)“廖坊水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)樞(shu)(shu)紐(niu)(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)籌(chou)備(bei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作小組(zu)”,不久又成(cheng)立(li)“廖坊水(shui)(shui)庫工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)籌(chou)建(jian)處”。1996年(nian)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)19日(ri)(ri)(ri),省計委(wei)同(tong)意(yi)興建(jian)廖坊水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)樞(shu)(shu)紐(niu)(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。1997年(nian)1月(yue)(yue)(yue),成(cheng)立(li)“廖坊水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)樞(shu)(shu)紐(niu)(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有限責(ze)任(ren)公司”,注(zhu)冊資(zi)金400萬(wan)元(yuan)。6月(yue)(yue)(yue)27日(ri)(ri)(ri),廖坊水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)樞(shu)(shu)紐(niu)(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)征山(shan)征地的前期工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作全部(bu)(bu)完成(cheng)。1999年(nian)12月(yue)(yue)(yue)23日(ri)(ri)(ri),國(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)(yuan)總理(li)辦(ban)公室研究批(pi)準該工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立(li)項(xiang),總投資(zi)12.09億(yi)元(yuan),其中水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)部(bu)(bu)投資(zi)3.5億(yi)元(yuan),省、市(shi)投資(zi)5.99億(yi)元(yuan),銀行(xing)貸款3億(yi)元(yuan)。2002年(nian)7月(yue)(yue)(yue)12日(ri)(ri)(ri)順(shun)利(li)(li)(li)通過(guo)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)部(bu)(bu)審(shen)批(pi)后,9月(yue)(yue)(yue)10日(ri)(ri)(ri),在(zai)(zai)第(di)137次(ci)國(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)(yuan)總理(li)辦(ban)公會上順(shun)利(li)(li)(li)通過(guo)了工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)報(bao)告(gao)。10月(yue)(yue)(yue)28日(ri)(ri)(ri),廖坊水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)樞(shu)(shu)紐(niu)(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)儀式在(zai)(zai)撫(fu)河(he)岸邊的毛家(jia)灣舉行(xing)。從此,撫(fu)州(zhou)的水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)史(shi)翻開了嶄新的一頁。2007年(nian)12月(yue)(yue)(yue)19日(ri)(ri)(ri)上午,廖坊灌區奠基典禮在(zai)(zai)東(dong)鄉縣(xian)大富工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業園區隆重(zhong)舉行(xing),省委(wei)副書記、省長吳新雄(xiong)宣布工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)奠基。
工程效益
廖坊(fang)水(shui)利(li)(li)樞(shu)紐(niu)工(gong)程意義巨大。首先,該工(gong)程有助于提(ti)(ti)高(gao)撫(fu)河(he)防(fang)(fang)洪(hong)標準。我省境內有5條大江(jiang)大河(he),撫(fu)河(he)列(lie)居第(di)二(er),僅次于贛江(jiang)。在(zai)這5條大江(jiang)大河(he)上,除(chu)撫(fu)河(he)外其余4條江(jiang)河(he)的上游均設有控(kong)制性(xing)水(shui)利(li)(li)樞(shu)紐(niu)工(gong)程,唯(wei)獨撫(fu)河(he)上游干流為空(kong)白。而鳥瞰撫(fu)河(he),下(xia)游乃美麗(li)富(fu)饒(rao)的贛撫(fu)平原,是江(jiang)西省境內人(ren)口稠密、經濟發達地區(qu),有南(nan)昌、撫(fu)州等城市及重要(yao)的鐵路(lu)、公(gong)路(lu)干線。由于缺乏(fa)骨(gu)干控(kong)制性(xing)水(shui)利(li)(li)樞(shu)紐(niu)工(gong)程,防(fang)(fang)洪(hong)問題突(tu)出。廖坊(fang)水(shui)利(li)(li)樞(shu)紐(niu)工(gong)程建成后,將使壩址以下(xia)撫(fu)河(he)重要(yao)圩堤(di)防(fang)(fang)洪(hong)標準由50年一(yi)遇提(ti)(ti)高(gao)到100年一(yi)遇。
其次,廖(liao)坊水(shui)利樞紐(niu)工程(cheng)具(ju)有巨大的灌(guan)溉效益,它(ta)的建成將為(wei)我市改善、新增農田(tian)灌(guan)溉面積(ji)50.3萬畝,其中(zhong)新增農田(tian)灌(guan)溉面積(ji)21.9萬畝;每年還(huan)可以為(wei)周圍城(cheng)鎮提(ti)供工業和生活用(yong)水(shui)2670萬立方(fang)米,從(cong)而加速一方(fang)經濟(ji)發(fa)展。
同時(shi),廖坊(fang)(fang)(fang)水利(li)(li)樞紐工程(cheng)還兼有(you)發電效(xiao)益。據了解,廖坊(fang)(fang)(fang)水電站裝機(ji)總容量為4.95(3臺)萬(wan)瓦,年發電量1.56億度(du),可大(da)大(da)緩解我(wo)市(shi)電力(li)供需矛(mao)盾緊張狀態,為我(wo)市(shi)區域電網的調峰、提高供電質量起到(dao)十分積極作用。此外(wai),廖坊(fang)(fang)(fang)水利(li)(li)樞紐工程(cheng)正常(chang)水面(mian)高達37.08平方公里,不僅具有(you)水產養殖功能,還可以發展旅(lv)游業。