基本信息
廖(liao)坊水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)是(shi)撫州興建(jian)的(de)(de)(de)第二座大(da)型(xing)水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)。水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)壩址(zhi)位(wei)(wei)于撫河干(gan)流(liu)中游的(de)(de)(de)臨(lin)川鵬田(tian)鄉(xiang)廖(liao)坊村,水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)因(yin)位(wei)(wei)居其側而(er)得名。涉及(ji)(ji)東鄉(xiang)、金溪(xi)、臨(lin)川三(san)(san)縣(xian)(區(qu))及(ji)(ji)金巢經濟開(kai)發區(qu)25個(ge)鄉(xiang)(鎮(zhen)、場)、61萬人(ren)。壩址(zhi)以上控制(zhi)流(liu)域面積(ji)7060平方公里(li)(li),多年(nian)平均(jun)徑流(liu)量70.6億(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)。工程(cheng)以防(fang)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)和灌溉(gai)為(wei)主(zhu),兼顧發電(dian)、供(gong)水(shui)和航運等綜合效益(yi)。水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)正常蓄(xu)水(shui)位(wei)(wei)65米(mi)(mi)(mi),汛期防(fang)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)限制(zhi)水(shui)位(wei)(wei)為(wei)61米(mi)(mi)(mi),防(fang)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)高(gao)水(shui)位(wei)(wei)67.94米(mi)(mi)(mi)。水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)總庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容(rong)4.32億(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi),防(fang)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容(rong)3.1億(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi),調(diao)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容(rong)3.44億(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi),調(diao)節(jie)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容(rong)1.14億(yi)立(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)。電(dian)站總裝機容(rong)量4.95萬千瓦(wa)。大(da)壩壩頂(ding)全(quan)長(chang)283米(mi)(mi)(mi),壩頂(ding)高(gao)程(cheng)70.5米(mi)(mi)(mi),最(zui)大(da)壩高(gao)38.2米(mi)(mi)(mi)。主(zhu)壩設計(ji)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)標準(zhun)為(wei)100年(nian)一遇,設計(ji)標準(zhun)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)下泄(xie)流(liu)量為(wei)6000立(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒(miao)。在距主(zhu)壩上游約2公里(li)(li)右(you)岸三(san)(san)處埡(wu)口(kou)設三(san)(san)座副壩,三(san)(san)座副壩均(jun)為(wei)均(jun)質土(tu)壩,最(zui)大(da)壩高(gao)分別為(wei)9.8米(mi)(mi)(mi)、2.8米(mi)(mi)(mi)、2.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)。庫(ku)(ku)(ku)區(qu)內淹沒范(fan)圍涉及(ji)(ji)臨(lin)川區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)鵬田(tian),金溪(xi)縣(xian)的(de)(de)(de)石門,南城縣(xian)的(de)(de)(de)岳口(kou)、徐家、洪(hong)(hong)(hong)門、建(jian)昌等6個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen),39個(ge)村(居)委會(hui),庫(ku)(ku)(ku)區(qu)移民18556人(ren),淹沒耕地28403畝(mu)。
地理位置
廖(liao)坊(fang)水庫大壩(ba)之所(suo)以選擇在廖(liao)坊(fang)村側,主要有(you)(you)兩方(fang)面原因(yin):其一是(shi)這里(li)流(liu)域控制面積大,廣昌、南(nan)豐(feng)、南(nan)城、黎川等縣(xian)河流(liu)的水系均交匯(hui)于此,其有(you)(you)效控制面高達7060平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li);其二是(shi)這里(li)天(tian)然條件優,壩(ba)址兩山(shan)間距只有(you)(you)298米,且(qie)山(shan)石堅硬,十分利于攔河筑壩(ba)。有(you)(you)專家說,此處建壩(ba)條件是(shi)近十年來江西省境內最(zui)好(hao)的。
建設歷程
從廖坊(fang)水利(li)樞紐工程規劃的提出到(dao)正式開工,歷時46年,工程項目曾三(san)次提交國務院總理辦公(gong)會(hui)審議(yi),三(san)任(ren)省長將其寫進了(le)《政府工作報告(gao)》。
廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)樞(shu)紐工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)早在1956年(nian),在長(chang)江流域(yu)規劃(hua)中(zhong)(zhong),就被(bei)列為規劃(hua)項目。在國(guo)家第七個五年(nian)計(ji)劃(hua)中(zhong)(zhong),該(gai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)還被(bei)列為撫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)河流域(yu)規劃(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)重點項目。然而(er),由于種種原因,該(gai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)直至1990年(nian)3月(yue)(yue)《撫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)河流域(yu)規劃(hua)報告(gao)》通(tong)過(guo)(guo)江西省(sheng)(sheng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)規劃(hua)設計(ji)院(yuan)審查后,才真(zhen)正被(bei)提到各級領導的(de)議事(shi)日程(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)。1990年(nian)3月(yue)(yue),省(sheng)(sheng)政(zheng)府批(pi)準撫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)河流域(yu)規劃(hua)。隨后撫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)州成(cheng)立(li)(li)“廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)樞(shu)紐工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)籌備工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作小組”,不久又成(cheng)立(li)(li)“廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)籌建處”。1996年(nian)8月(yue)(yue)19日,省(sheng)(sheng)計(ji)委(wei)(wei)同意興建廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)樞(shu)紐工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)。1997年(nian)1月(yue)(yue),成(cheng)立(li)(li)“廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)樞(shu)紐工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)有(you)限責(ze)任公(gong)司”,注冊資(zi)(zi)金400萬元(yuan)。6月(yue)(yue)27日,廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)樞(shu)紐工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)征山征地的(de)前期工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作全部完成(cheng)。1999年(nian)12月(yue)(yue)23日,國(guo)務(wu)(wu)院(yuan)總理(li)辦(ban)公(gong)室研(yan)究批(pi)準該(gai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)立(li)(li)項,總投(tou)資(zi)(zi)12.09億(yi)元(yuan),其中(zhong)(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)部投(tou)資(zi)(zi)3.5億(yi)元(yuan),省(sheng)(sheng)、市投(tou)資(zi)(zi)5.99億(yi)元(yuan),銀行貸款3億(yi)元(yuan)。2002年(nian)7月(yue)(yue)12日順利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)部審批(pi)后,9月(yue)(yue)10日,在第137次(ci)國(guo)務(wu)(wu)院(yuan)總理(li)辦(ban)公(gong)會上(shang)順利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)了工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)報告(gao)。10月(yue)(yue)28日,廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)樞(shu)紐工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)儀式在撫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)河岸邊的(de)毛(mao)家灣舉行。從(cong)此(ci),撫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)州的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)史翻開了嶄新的(de)一頁(ye)。2007年(nian)12月(yue)(yue)19日上(shang)午,廖(liao)(liao)(liao)坊(fang)(fang)灌區奠基(ji)典禮(li)在東(dong)鄉縣大富工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)園區隆重舉行,省(sheng)(sheng)委(wei)(wei)副(fu)書記、省(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)吳新雄宣布工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)奠基(ji)。
工程效益
廖坊(fang)水(shui)利樞紐工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)意(yi)義巨(ju)大(da)(da)。首先,該工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)有助于(yu)提高撫(fu)河(he)(he)防洪(hong)標準。我省境(jing)內有5條(tiao)大(da)(da)江(jiang)大(da)(da)河(he)(he),撫(fu)河(he)(he)列居第二,僅次(ci)于(yu)贛江(jiang)。在(zai)這5條(tiao)大(da)(da)江(jiang)大(da)(da)河(he)(he)上(shang)(shang),除(chu)撫(fu)河(he)(he)外其余4條(tiao)江(jiang)河(he)(he)的(de)上(shang)(shang)游(you)均設有控(kong)制(zhi)性(xing)(xing)水(shui)利樞紐工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng),唯獨撫(fu)河(he)(he)上(shang)(shang)游(you)干(gan)流為(wei)空白。而鳥瞰撫(fu)河(he)(he),下游(you)乃(nai)美麗富饒的(de)贛撫(fu)平原,是(shi)江(jiang)西省境(jing)內人口稠(chou)密、經濟(ji)發達地區(qu),有南昌、撫(fu)州等城(cheng)市及重要的(de)鐵路(lu)、公路(lu)干(gan)線。由(you)于(yu)缺乏(fa)骨干(gan)控(kong)制(zhi)性(xing)(xing)水(shui)利樞紐工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng),防洪(hong)問題突出。廖坊(fang)水(shui)利樞紐工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)成后,將(jiang)使(shi)壩(ba)址以下撫(fu)河(he)(he)重要圩堤防洪(hong)標準由(you)50年一(yi)(yi)遇提高到100年一(yi)(yi)遇。
其次,廖坊水(shui)利(li)樞紐工程具有巨大的(de)灌溉(gai)效益(yi),它的(de)建成(cheng)將(jiang)為我市改善(shan)、新增農(nong)田灌溉(gai)面積50.3萬畝,其中新增農(nong)田灌溉(gai)面積21.9萬畝;每年還可以(yi)為周圍城鎮(zhen)提供工業(ye)和生活(huo)用水(shui)2670萬立方米,從而加速(su)一方經濟發(fa)展。
同時,廖(liao)坊(fang)水(shui)利(li)樞紐工程(cheng)還(huan)兼有發電(dian)(dian)(dian)效益。據了解,廖(liao)坊(fang)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站裝機總容量(liang)為4.95(3臺)萬瓦(wa),年發電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)1.56億(yi)度,可大大緩解我市(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力供需矛盾緊張狀態,為我市(shi)區域電(dian)(dian)(dian)網的調峰、提高(gao)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)質量(liang)起(qi)到十(shi)分積(ji)極作用。此外,廖(liao)坊(fang)水(shui)利(li)樞紐工程(cheng)正常水(shui)面高(gao)達37.08平方公里,不僅具(ju)有水(shui)產養殖功(gong)能,還(huan)可以發展(zhan)旅(lv)游業。