水庫水文
峻山水(shui)庫(ku)位于西(xi)嶺(ling)鄉糖河村澄(cheng)江(jiang)(西(xi)嶺(ling)河)河谷(gu)口,屬澄(cheng)江(jiang)中游,集(ji)雨(yu)面積320平方(fang)公(gong)里(li),森林覆蓋面廣闊(kuo)稠密, 水(shui)源豐(feng)富,多年平均年徑流量3.47億(yi)立方(fang)米。
工程建設
1958年(nian)8月,縣(xian)委(wei)曾動員上萬民工(gong)興建峻山水庫(ku)漿砌石溢(yi)流(liu)壩(ba), 11月勞動力調(diao)去“大(da)辦鋼鐵”而停(ting)建。1959年(nian)8月重新施(shi)工(gong),并將原(yuan)設(she)計改為土壩(ba),采取邊施(shi)工(gong)、邊設(she)計、邊上報的作法,施(shi)工(gong)進(jin)度未能達到(dao)預定計劃(hua)要求。1960年(nian)春雨來臨,3月14日大(da)壩(ba)崩(beng)垮。
1972年秋,自治區(qu)批準重(zhong)建峻(jun)山大壩(ba)(ba)。接受歷史教(jiao)訓,大壩(ba)(ba)定(ding)為漿砌石(shi)溢流重(zhong)力壩(ba)(ba)。設計壩(ba)(ba)高69米(mi)(mi)(mi),壩(ba)(ba)長220米(mi)(mi)(mi),中間(jian)留有80米(mi)(mi)(mi)寬(kuan)的(de)溢洪(hong)段,壩(ba)(ba)頂寬(kuan)5米(mi)(mi)(mi),是(shi)一座以灌(guan)溉為主,兼顧防洪(hong)、發電、航運、養殖等綜合(he)利用的(de)多年調(diao)節水庫(ku)(ku)(ku)。總(zong)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容9900萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)立(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi),其中調(diao)洪(hong)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容2520萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)立(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi),有效庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容6790萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)立(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi),死(si)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容590萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)立(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。設計灌(guan)溉面積(ji)恭城縣24萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)畝,平樂縣2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)畝,發電裝機3臺共8000千(qian)瓦。
1972年9月, 成(cheng)立恭城縣(xian)峻山水(shui)(shui)庫工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)指揮部,地(di)區水(shui)(shui)電(dian)局和(he)縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)局均派技術人員駐工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)地(di)進(jin)行技術指導, 初(chu)期(qi)抽(chou)調全(quan)縣(xian)8個公社4500名民工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong), 1974年秋, 完成(cheng)水(shui)(shui)下(xia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)。1972至(zhi)1978年期(qi)間,采(cai)用大突擊(ji)與常年施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)相結合的方法(fa)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),1979—1985年則(ze)是(shi)固定專業施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)隊(dui)伍(wu)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),1986—1989年由桂林地(di)區水(shui)(shui)電(dian)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)隊(dui)承包施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),完成(cheng)樞紐工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建筑。
峻山水庫樞紐工(gong)程和東、兩總干渠及其附(fu)屬工(gong)程,自1972年(nian)(nian)9月開(kai)工(gong)到1989年(nian)(nian)6月竣工(gong),持續17年(nian)(nian),共完成(cheng)土石方(fang)310.75萬(wan)(wan)立(li)方(fang),漿砌石57.95萬(wan)(wan)立(li)方(fang),混凝土50.91萬(wan)(wan)立(li)方(fang),共投資1998.08萬(wan)(wan)元(yuan),其中(zhong)國家補(bu)助1932.73萬(wan)(wan)元(yuan),自籌65.35萬(wan)(wan)元(yuan),完成(cheng)勞動工(gong)日1578.42萬(wan)(wan)個(ge)。
灌區建設
峻山水(shui)庫設計灌(guan)溉面(mian)積(ji)(ji)26萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu), 其中(zhong):自流灌(guan)溉22.24萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu),提(ti)水(shui)灌(guan)溉3.76萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu),恭城縣24萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu),平樂縣2萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)。到1989年實現灌(guan)溉面(mian)積(ji)(ji)5.02萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)。
渠(qu)(qu)道分東(dong)、 西(xi)(xi)(xi)兩條總干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)(qu),通(tong)過(guo)流(liu)量合計(ji)為(wei)27.7立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)。東(dong)總干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)(qu)全(quan)(quan)長(chang)8.3公(gong)(gong)里(li),通(tong)過(guo)流(liu)量17立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao), 跨澄江河(he),經(jing)(jing)雙(shuang)溪寨,過(guo)朝川(chuan)到(dao)羅卜(bu)村的柜木塘分支。1975年(nian)(nian)(nian)9月開工(gong),次年(nian)(nian)(nian),附屬工(gong)程澄江大渡(du)(du)槽、澄江小(xiao)渡(du)(du)槽、雙(shuang)溪波槽、朝川(chuan)暗涵及(ji)全(quan)(quan)線土石(shi)(shi)方(fang)全(quan)(quan)部完成。 東(dong)北支渠(qu)(qu),經(jing)(jing)嘉會(hui)的蘇陂(po)河(he)直達栗木鎮的建安村,全(quan)(quan)長(chang)18公(gong)(gong)里(li),通(tong)過(guo)流(liu)量4.9立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao),1976年(nian)(nian)(nian)9月開工(gong),1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)春全(quan)(quan)線貫通(tong)。東(dong)東(dong)支渠(qu)(qu)、東(dong)南支渠(qu)(qu)尚未動工(gong)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)總干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)(qu)全(quan)(quan)長(chang)9.4公(gong)(gong)里(li),通(tong)過(guo)流(liu)量10.7立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao),穿金龍(long)山,過(guo)大嶺坪(ping)(ping)到(dao)小(xiao)黃(huang)埠,至清水(shui)(shui)橋分支。西(xi)(xi)(xi)左(zuo)干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)(qu)經(jing)(jing)門樓、 車田到(dao)嶺尾;西(xi)(xi)(xi)右干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)(qu)經(jing)(jing)八巖、平(ping)樂縣的金雞坪(ping)(ping)入沙子鄉境。西(xi)(xi)(xi)總干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)(qu)于(yu)1974年(nian)(nian)(nian)9月開工(gong),次年(nian)(nian)(nian),附屬工(gong)程金龍(long)山隧洞、小(xiao)黃(huang)埠隧洞、紅巖渡(du)(du)槽、小(xiao)黃(huang)埠渡(du)(du)槽、龍(long)崗暗涵及(ji)全(quan)(quan)線石(shi)(shi)渠(qu)(qu)完工(gong)。 1975年(nian)(nian)(nian)6月通(tong)水(shui)(shui)開始發揮灌溉效益。隨后1支渠(qu)(qu)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)左(zuo)干(gan)(gan)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)右干(gan)(gan)3條干(gan)(gan)支渠(qu)(qu)均相繼開工(gong),并(bing)于(yu)1978—1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)通(tong)水(shui)(shui),全(quan)(quan)長(chang)37.2公(gong)(gong)里(li),總計(ji)通(tong)過(guo)流(liu)量8.7立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)每(mei)秒(miao)。
渠道附屬工(gong)程(cheng),均組織(zhi)常年(nian)施工(gong)隊施工(gong)。計(ji)完成的附屬工(gong)程(cheng)有:渡槽10座,總(zong)長(chang)2542米(mi)(mi);隧(sui)洞11座,總(zong)長(chang)3061米(mi)(mi);暗涵5座,總(zong)長(chang)460米(mi)(mi);防滲襯砌35.5公里。
沒搬遷
1983年縣人(ren)民(min)(min)政府組(zu)織水(shui)電、民(min)(min)政、糧食(shi)、交通、農業(ye)、林(lin)業(ye)、商業(ye)、公安、郵電、西嶺鄉人(ren)民(min)(min)政府及有(you)關(guan)村委(wei)會、峻山水(shui)庫指揮部(bu)等(deng)部(bu)門,成(cheng)立搬遷委(wei)員(yuan)會,負責調查、研究、 協商拆遷賠償等(deng)具體問題。水(shui)庫田地(di)淹沒(mei)標準按10年一遇(yu)洪水(shui)位246.3米高程(cheng)計算(suan),房屋等(deng)永久性(xing)建筑物(wu)搬遷至(zhi)250米高程(cheng)以上。
1986年經(jing)過復查核實(shi),庫(ku)(ku)(ku)內淹沒(mei)(mei)島坪一個行(xing)政村(cun),采取就(jiu)地往(wang)淹沒(mei)(mei)線(xian)以上搬(ban)遷(qian)安(an)置,就(jiu)近(jin)造(zao)田造(zao)地,發展農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產,幫助(zhu)修建灌溉渠(qu)道及人行(xing)便道,對(dui)新造(zao)田近(jin)幾年達(da)不到(dao)預(yu)定產量(liang)的由(you)水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)指(zhi)揮部給予糧食差額補助(zhu)金(jin),使庫(ku)(ku)(ku)區搬(ban)遷(qian)工作(zuo)順(shun)利進行(xing)。搬(ban)遷(qian)計劃(hua)投資112萬元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),迄(qi)1989年已完(wan)成103.6萬元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),應處理(li)淹沒(mei)(mei)土地4687畝(mu)(mu),已完(wan)成3002畝(mu)(mu),其(qi)中淹沒(mei)(mei)水(shui)田369畝(mu)(mu),已解決(jue)257畝(mu)(mu)。淹沒(mei)(mei)房屋搬(ban)遷(qian)269間(jian),全部完(wan)成。另(ling)外,峻(jun)山水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)、電站(zhan)(zhan)建設(she)占用糖河(he)、楊溪村(cun)土地2300畝(mu)(mu),經(jing)自治區土地管理(li)局批準,由(you)水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)、電站(zhan)(zhan)賠償土地費11.5萬元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),用于為該(gai)村(cun)安(an)裝10千伏高壓(ya)線(xian)、低壓(ya)線(xian)和照明、加工機具等設(she)施。