水庫水文
峻山水庫位于西(xi)嶺(ling)(ling)鄉糖(tang)河(he)村澄(cheng)江(西(xi)嶺(ling)(ling)河(he))河(he)谷口,屬澄(cheng)江中(zhong)游(you),集(ji)雨面(mian)(mian)積320平(ping)方(fang)公里,森林覆(fu)蓋面(mian)(mian)廣闊(kuo)稠(chou)密, 水源豐富,多(duo)年平(ping)均年徑流量3.47億立(li)方(fang)米(mi)。
工程建設
1958年(nian)8月,縣委曾動員上(shang)萬民工(gong)興(xing)建(jian)峻山水庫(ku)漿砌石溢流壩(ba), 11月勞(lao)動力調(diao)去“大辦鋼鐵”而停建(jian)。1959年(nian)8月重新(xin)施工(gong),并將(jiang)原(yuan)設計(ji)改為土(tu)壩(ba),采取邊施工(gong)、邊設計(ji)、邊上(shang)報的(de)作法(fa),施工(gong)進(jin)度未能達到(dao)預定計(ji)劃要求。1960年(nian)春(chun)雨來臨(lin),3月14日大壩(ba)崩垮(kua)。
1972年秋,自治(zhi)區(qu)批準(zhun)重建(jian)峻山大(da)(da)壩。接受歷史(shi)教訓(xun),大(da)(da)壩定為(wei)漿砌石(shi)溢(yi)流(liu)重力壩。設計壩高69米(mi),壩長(chang)220米(mi),中間留有80米(mi)寬的(de)溢(yi)洪段,壩頂寬5米(mi),是一座以灌溉為(wei)主,兼(jian)顧防洪、發(fa)(fa)電、航運、養殖等(deng)綜合利用的(de)多年調節水庫(ku)。總庫(ku)容(rong)(rong)9900萬立(li)方米(mi),其中調洪庫(ku)容(rong)(rong)2520萬立(li)方米(mi),有效庫(ku)容(rong)(rong)6790萬立(li)方米(mi),死(si)庫(ku)容(rong)(rong)590萬立(li)方米(mi)。設計灌溉面積恭城縣24萬畝,平樂縣2萬畝,發(fa)(fa)電裝(zhuang)機3臺共(gong)8000千瓦。
1972年(nian)9月, 成立恭(gong)城縣峻山水(shui)庫(ku)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)指揮部,地區水(shui)電(dian)局(ju)和縣水(shui)電(dian)局(ju)均(jun)派技(ji)術人員駐工(gong)(gong)(gong)地進行技(ji)術指導, 初期(qi)抽調全縣8個公社4500名民工(gong)(gong)(gong)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong), 1974年(nian)秋(qiu), 完(wan)(wan)成水(shui)下工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)。1972至(zhi)1978年(nian)期(qi)間,采用大突擊與常年(nian)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)相結合的方法施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong),1979—1985年(nian)則是固定專業施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)隊(dui)伍施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong),1986—1989年(nian)由桂林地區水(shui)電(dian)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)隊(dui)承包施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong),完(wan)(wan)成樞紐(niu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建筑。
峻(jun)山水庫(ku)樞紐工(gong)程和東、兩總干渠(qu)及(ji)其附(fu)屬工(gong)程,自1972年(nian)(nian)9月開工(gong)到(dao)1989年(nian)(nian)6月竣工(gong),持續17年(nian)(nian),共完成(cheng)土(tu)石(shi)方310.75萬(wan)立方,漿砌石(shi)57.95萬(wan)立方,混凝土(tu)50.91萬(wan)立方,共投(tou)資1998.08萬(wan)元(yuan),其中國家補助1932.73萬(wan)元(yuan),自籌65.35萬(wan)元(yuan),完成(cheng)勞動工(gong)日1578.42萬(wan)個。
灌區建設
峻山水庫(ku)設(she)計灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)(gai)面(mian)積26萬(wan)(wan)畝, 其(qi)中(zhong):自(zi)流(liu)灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)(gai)22.24萬(wan)(wan)畝,提水灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)(gai)3.76萬(wan)(wan)畝,恭(gong)城縣24萬(wan)(wan)畝,平樂縣2萬(wan)(wan)畝。到1989年(nian)實現灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)(gai)面(mian)積5.02萬(wan)(wan)畝。
渠(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)道分(fen)東(dong)、 西(xi)兩條總干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),通過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)合計為(wei)27.7立方(fang)米每秒(miao)。東(dong)總干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)全(quan)長(chang)8.3公(gong)里(li),通過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)17立方(fang)米每秒(miao), 跨澄江(jiang)河(he),經雙(shuang)溪(xi)寨,過(guo)朝川(chuan)到(dao)羅(luo)卜(bu)村的柜木塘分(fen)支(zhi)(zhi)。1975年(nian)9月開(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong),次(ci)年(nian),附屬工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)澄江(jiang)大(da)渡槽(cao)(cao)、澄江(jiang)小(xiao)渡槽(cao)(cao)、雙(shuang)溪(xi)波槽(cao)(cao)、朝川(chuan)暗涵及全(quan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)土(tu)石(shi)方(fang)全(quan)部完成。 東(dong)北支(zhi)(zhi)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),經嘉會的蘇陂河(he)直達栗木鎮的建(jian)安村,全(quan)長(chang)18公(gong)里(li),通過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)4.9立方(fang)米每秒(miao),1976年(nian)9月開(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong),1979年(nian)春全(quan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)貫通。東(dong)東(dong)支(zhi)(zhi)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、東(dong)南支(zhi)(zhi)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)尚未動工(gong)(gong)(gong)。西(xi)總干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)全(quan)長(chang)9.4公(gong)里(li),通過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)10.7立方(fang)米每秒(miao),穿金(jin)龍(long)山,過(guo)大(da)嶺坪到(dao)小(xiao)黃埠(bu)(bu),至清水橋分(fen)支(zhi)(zhi)。西(xi)左干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)經門(men)樓、 車田(tian)到(dao)嶺尾;西(xi)右干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)經八巖、平樂(le)縣的金(jin)雞坪入沙子鄉境(jing)。西(xi)總干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)于(yu)1974年(nian)9月開(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong),次(ci)年(nian),附屬工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)金(jin)龍(long)山隧洞(dong)、小(xiao)黃埠(bu)(bu)隧洞(dong)、紅(hong)巖渡槽(cao)(cao)、小(xiao)黃埠(bu)(bu)渡槽(cao)(cao)、龍(long)崗暗涵及全(quan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)石(shi)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)完工(gong)(gong)(gong)。 1975年(nian)6月通水開(kai)始(shi)發揮灌溉(gai)效益。隨后1支(zhi)(zhi)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、西(xi)左干(gan)(gan)、西(xi)右干(gan)(gan)3條干(gan)(gan)支(zhi)(zhi)渠(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)均相繼開(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong),并于(yu)1978—1979年(nian)通水,全(quan)長(chang)37.2公(gong)里(li),總計通過(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)8.7立方(fang)米每秒(miao)。
渠道(dao)附屬(shu)工(gong)(gong)程,均組(zu)織常年施工(gong)(gong)隊施工(gong)(gong)。計完(wan)成(cheng)的附屬(shu)工(gong)(gong)程有(you):渡(du)槽10座(zuo),總(zong)長(chang)2542米;隧洞11座(zuo),總(zong)長(chang)3061米;暗涵5座(zuo),總(zong)長(chang)460米;防滲襯砌35.5公里。
沒搬遷
1983年(nian)縣人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)府組織水電、民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)、糧(liang)食、交通(tong)、農業(ye)(ye)、林業(ye)(ye)、商業(ye)(ye)、公安(an)、郵電、西嶺鄉人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)府及有關村(cun)委會、峻山水庫指揮(hui)部等(deng)部門,成立搬(ban)遷委員會,負責調查、研究、 協(xie)商拆遷賠償等(deng)具體問題。水庫田地淹(yan)沒標準按10年(nian)一遇洪水位246.3米高(gao)程計(ji)算(suan),房屋等(deng)永久性建筑物搬(ban)遷至(zhi)250米高(gao)程以(yi)上。
1986年(nian)(nian)經過復查核實,庫(ku)內淹(yan)(yan)沒(mei)島坪一個(ge)行政村(cun),采(cai)取就地(di)(di)往淹(yan)(yan)沒(mei)線(xian)(xian)以上搬(ban)(ban)(ban)遷(qian)安(an)置,就近(jin)造(zao)田造(zao)地(di)(di),發展農業生產(chan),幫助(zhu)修建(jian)灌溉渠道及(ji)人行便(bian)道,對新造(zao)田近(jin)幾年(nian)(nian)達不到預定產(chan)量的由水庫(ku)指揮部給予糧(liang)食(shi)差額補助(zhu)金,使庫(ku)區(qu)搬(ban)(ban)(ban)遷(qian)工作順利進行。搬(ban)(ban)(ban)遷(qian)計劃投資112萬元,迄(qi)1989年(nian)(nian)已完(wan)(wan)成103.6萬元,應(ying)處理淹(yan)(yan)沒(mei)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)4687畝(mu),已完(wan)(wan)成3002畝(mu),其中(zhong)淹(yan)(yan)沒(mei)水田369畝(mu),已解決257畝(mu)。淹(yan)(yan)沒(mei)房屋搬(ban)(ban)(ban)遷(qian)269間,全部完(wan)(wan)成。另外(wai),峻山水庫(ku)、電站(zhan)建(jian)設占用糖河、楊溪(xi)村(cun)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)2300畝(mu),經自治區(qu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)管(guan)理局批準,由水庫(ku)、電站(zhan)賠償土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)費11.5萬元,用于為(wei)該村(cun)安(an)裝10千伏高壓線(xian)(xian)、低壓線(xian)(xian)和照明(ming)、加工機具等(deng)設施。