概況
納(na)子峽(xia)水(shui)電站(zhan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)是青(qing)海(hai)省重點工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，位于門源回族自治縣蘇吉(ji)灘鄉與祁連縣默勒鎮(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)交界(jie)處(chu)。2009年9月15日(ri)，青(qing)海(hai)黃(huang)河中型(xing)水(shui)電開發(fa)公司在(zai)納(na)子峽(xia)水(shui)電站(zhan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)地現場舉(ju)行(xing)隆重的(de)(de)(de)開工(gong)(gong)(gong)儀式(shi)。參加開工(gong)(gong)(gong)儀式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)青(qing)海(hai)省政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)、省發(fa)改委、省水(shui)利(li)廳、海(hai)北州(zhou)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)、祁連縣政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)、門源縣政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)等有(you)關部門和黃(huang)河上游水(shui)電公司的(de)(de)(de)領導和專(zhuan)家。應業主邀請，該院(yuan)副院(yuan)長馬(ma)明(ming)、副總工(gong)(gong)(gong)師梁宗仁出(chu)席了(le)開工(gong)(gong)(gong)儀式(shi)。該項(xiang)目的(de)(de)(de)開工(gong)(gong)(gong)建設，標志(zhi)者該院(yuan)在(zai)大通(tong)河流域設計的(de)(de)(de)最高的(de)(de)(de)面(mian)(mian)板堆石壩工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)正式(shi)實(shi)施，體現了(le)該院(yuan)在(zai)面(mian)(mian)板堆石壩領域的(de)(de)(de)設計實(shi)力(li)。
2011年9月6日(ri)，隨著納子峽水電(dian)站基(ji)坑(keng)基(ji)礎面的清理(li)完畢，中國水電(dian)四局第一(yi)分局納子峽項目部開始對主壩進行填筑(zhu)實驗。
工程
工(gong)程主要建(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)(wu)由混凝土面板堆石壩(ba)(ba)、右(you)岸(an)溢洪(hong)(hong)道、左岸(an)放空泄(xie)洪(hong)(hong)洞(dong)、左岸(an)引水(shui)(shui)發電(dian)洞(dong)、發電(dian)廠房(fang)、升壓站組成。工(gong)程規(gui)模為(wei)(wei)二等大(da)（2）型，大(da)壩(ba)(ba)為(wei)(wei)1級建(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)(wu)，泄(xie)水(shui)(shui)建(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)(wu)、引水(shui)(shui)發電(dian)洞(dong)及廠房(fang)均為(wei)(wei)2級筑(zhu)物(wu)(wu)。大(da)壩(ba)(ba)、泄(xie)水(shui)(shui)、發電(dian)引水(shui)(shui)建(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)(wu)按(an)500年(nian)一(yi)遇洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)設計(ji)(ji)，5000年(nian)一(yi)遇洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)校核，洪(hong)(hong)峰(feng)流(liu)量(liang)分別(bie)為(wei)(wei)1810立(li)方(fang)米/秒(miao)和2340立(li)方(fang)米/秒(miao)；廠房(fang)按(an)100年(nian)一(yi)遇洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)設計(ji)(ji)，500年(nian)一(yi)遇洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)校核，洪(hong)(hong)峰(feng)流(liu)量(liang)分別(bie)為(wei)(wei)1440立(li)方(fang)米/秒(miao)和1810立(li)方(fang)米/秒(miao)；泄(xie)水(shui)(shui)建(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)(wu)消能防沖按(an)50年(nian)一(yi)遇設計(ji)(ji)，洪(hong)(hong)峰(feng)流(liu)量(liang)為(wei)(wei)1270立(li)方(fang)米/秒(miao)。
納子峽水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電站施工(gong)采用圍堰(yan)一次斷流，導(dao)流洞過(guo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)導(dao)流方式；汛期由壩(ba)體(ti)(ti)壩(ba)體(ti)(ti)擋水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、左(zuo)岸導(dao)流洞過(guo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)；水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫初期蓄水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后至工(gong)程竣工(gong)前，選(xuan)用壩(ba)體(ti)(ti)擋水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、永久泄水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)建(jian)筑(zhu)物過(guo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)導(dao)流方式。
根據規范確定(ding)導流(liu)(liu)設(she)計洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)標(biao)準(zhun)為(wei)(wei)10年一遇(yu)(yu)，相(xiang)應洪(hong)(hong)(hong)峰流(liu)(liu)量(liang)為(wei)(wei)877立方米/秒。施工(gong)期壩(ba)體(ti)攔洪(hong)(hong)(hong)渡汛標(biao)準(zhun)為(wei)(wei)50年一遇(yu)(yu)設(she)計，相(xiang)應最大洪(hong)(hong)(hong)峰流(liu)(liu)量(liang)1300立方米/秒。導流(liu)(liu)泄水(shui)建筑(zhu)物封堵期間及竣工(gong)前，永久泄洪(hong)(hong)(hong)建筑(zhu)物尚(shang)未具備設(she)計泄洪(hong)(hong)(hong)能力，壩(ba)體(ti)攔洪(hong)(hong)(hong)標(biao)準(zhun)為(wei)(wei)200年一遇(yu)(yu)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)標(biao)準(zhun)，最大洪(hong)(hong)(hong)峰流(liu)(liu)量(liang)1650立方米/秒。
混(hun)凝土面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)堆石壩(ba)(ba)壩(ba)(ba)軸線方(fang)位為SE145°，壩(ba)(ba)頂(ding)長度為408.3米(mi)，壩(ba)(ba)頂(ding)寬度為10.0米(mi)，最大壩(ba)(ba)高(gao)(gao)121.5米(mi)，上游坡1:1.55，下(xia)(xia)游壩(ba)(ba)坡1：1.5，設置(zhi)三(san)層寬3米(mi)的馬道，綜合(he)坡比為1：1.58。壩(ba)(ba)頂(ding)設有高(gao)(gao)度為3.3米(mi)的放(fang)浪墻(qiang)與(yu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)相接，壩(ba)(ba)頂(ding)高(gao)(gao)程3204.6米(mi)，防浪墻(qiang)頂(ding)高(gao)(gao)程3205.8米(mi)。面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)頂(ding)端厚(hou)度0.3米(mi)，底部最大厚(hou)度0.65米(mi)，為不等厚(hou)面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)，面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)間設垂(chui)直縫(feng)；面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)與(yu)趾板(ban)間設周邊縫(feng)；壩(ba)(ba)頂(ding)防浪墻(qiang)與(yu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)間設伸縮縫(feng)。壩(ba)(ba)體(ti)從(cong)上游到下(xia)(xia)游依(yi)次分(fen)區(qu)(qu)為蓋重區(qu)(qu)、混(hun)凝土面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)、墊層區(qu)(qu)、砂(sha)礫(li)料3B1區(qu)(qu)、保護料區(qu)(qu)、排(pai)水(shui)區(qu)(qu)、砂(sha)礫(li)料3B2區(qu)(qu)及下(xia)(xia)游堆石區(qu)(qu)、護坡。壩(ba)(ba)體(ti)填筑總量(liang)532.7957萬立方(fang)米(mi)。
泄(xie)洪(hong)洞（導(dao)流(liu)洞）布置于(yu)左(zuo)岸(an)，軸線角(jiao)度為SW249°，與(yu)壩軸線的夾角(jiao)為76°；左(zuo)岸(an)上游設電站直立式岸(an)塔進水口(kou)，進水口(kou)右端與(yu)泄(xie)洪(hong)洞進口(kou)相鄰布置；溢洪(hong)道布置于(yu)右岸(an)，軸線為SW205°。
溢(yi)洪(hong)道(dao)布(bu)置于(yu)右岸，進口(kou)堰(yan)頂(ding)(ding)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)程(cheng)3194.6米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，閘(zha)室設(she)計3孔(kong)(kong)弧形閘(zha)門(men)(men)，孔(kong)(kong)口(kou)尺寸(cun)為(wei)(wei)8×10米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，泄(xie)(xie)槽寬度(du)12.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。出(chu)口(kou)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)程(cheng)3119.09米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，挑(tiao)流鼻坎(kan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)程(cheng)3118.80米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，落差72.51米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，水(shui)平(ping)軸(zhou)線全(quan)長(chang)450.52米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。溢(yi)洪(hong)道(dao)控制閘(zha)室位于(yu)壩軸(zhou)線處，上游設(she)置了166.3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)長(chang)的引水(shui)渠，渠底高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)程(cheng)為(wei)(wei)3191.6米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，閘(zha)頂(ding)(ding)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)程(cheng)3204.6米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，溢(yi)流堰(yan)頂(ding)(ding)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)程(cheng)為(wei)(wei)3194.1米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，泄(xie)(xie)槽段水(shui)平(ping)長(chang)215.9米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，縱(zong)坡分(fen)段分(fen)別為(wei)(wei)1/20和1/2，出(chu)口(kou)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)程(cheng)3119.09米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，挑(tiao)流鼻坎(kan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)程(cheng)3118.80米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，落差72.51米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，水(shui)平(ping)軸(zhou)線全(quan)長(chang)450.52米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。溢(yi)洪(hong)道(dao)最(zui)大泄(xie)(xie)量(liang)1066立方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒，最(zui)大流速(su)為(wei)(wei)35.73米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒。3孔(kong)(kong)溢(yi)洪(hong)道(dao)各(ge)設(she)1扇(shan)表孔(kong)(kong)工(gong)作(zuo)閘(zha)門(men)(men)，采用(yong)3臺(tai)后(hou)拉式液壓啟閉機控制3孔(kong)(kong)閘(zha)門(men)(men)。
引水(shui)(shui)(shui)發電洞(dong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)口(kou)(kou)(kou)布置在(zai)左壩肩上(shang)游(you)，座落在(zai)弱風化巖(yan)體上(shang)，為岸塔式(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)口(kou)(kou)(kou)。進(jin)(jin)(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)口(kou)(kou)(kou)底板高程(cheng)3176.0米，進(jin)(jin)(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)口(kou)(kou)(kou)順水(shui)(shui)(shui)流方向總(zong)長21米，閘(zha)室(shi)(shi)頂(ding)部高程(cheng)3204.6米，布置與(yu)大開(kai)挖(wa)后的(de)深槽中(zhong)。進(jin)(jin)(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)口(kou)(kou)(kou)分為攔(lan)污(wu)柵(zha)段和閘(zha)門(men)(men)段，閘(zha)室(shi)(shi)兩(liang)側及(ji)后測與(yu)巖(yan)石開(kai)挖(wa)坡(po)面之間填筑混凝土，使閘(zha)室(shi)(shi)大部分鑲嵌在(zai)巖(yan)石中(zhong)。引水(shui)(shui)(shui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)口(kou)(kou)(kou)建筑物后接壓(ya)力(li)隧洞(dong)，出口(kou)(kou)(kou)與(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)輪機(ji)組相接。進(jin)(jin)(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)口(kou)(kou)(kou)設(she)1扇事(shi)故(gu)(gu)檢(jian)修(xiu)閘(zha)門(men)(men)，在(zai)事(shi)故(gu)(gu)檢(jian)修(xiu)閘(zha)門(men)(men)前設(she)一孔2道主、副(fu)攔(lan)污(wu)柵(zha)攔(lan)截河水(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)污(wu)物，防止污(wu)物進(jin)(jin)(jin)入發電洞(dong)損壞水(shui)(shui)(shui)輪機(ji)，確保電站正常發電。主、副(fu)攔(lan)污(wu)柵(zha)上(shang)的(de)污(wu)物采用(yong)人工清污(wu)。主、副(fu)攔(lan)污(wu)柵(zha)、事(shi)故(gu)(gu)檢(jian)修(xiu)門(men)(men)底板高程(cheng)均為3176.00米，墩頂(ding)高程(cheng)均為3204.60米。事(shi)故(gu)(gu)檢(jian)修(xiu)閘(zha)門(men)(men)為平板滑動(dong)鋼閘(zha)門(men)(men)，孔口(kou)(kou)(kou)尺寸(cun)(寬(kuan)×高) 6 米×6 米，事(shi)故(gu)(gu)檢(jian)修(xiu)閘(zha)門(men)(men)啟閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)機(ji)選用(yong)1臺(tai)(tai)1250KN -30m固(gu)定卷揚(yang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)啟閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)機(ji)操(cao)作。進(jin)(jin)(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)口(kou)(kou)(kou)設(she)二道二孔主、副(fu)攔(lan)污(wu)柵(zha)，攔(lan)污(wu)柵(zha)均為潛孔式(shi)(shi)(shi)滑動(dong)支承攔(lan)污(wu)柵(zha)，主、副(fu)攔(lan)污(wu)柵(zha)孔口(kou)(kou)(kou)尺寸(cun)均為(寬(kuan)×高)8 米×14 米 ，主、副(fu)攔(lan)污(wu)柵(zha)啟閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)機(ji)均設(she)在(zai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)口(kou)(kou)(kou)高程(cheng)為3224.60米的(de)啟閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)機(ji)平臺(tai)(tai)上(shang)，主柵(zha)選用(yong)2×800KN--30m固(gu)定卷揚(yang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)啟閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)機(ji)，副(fu)柵(zha)選用(yong)2×630KN--30m固(gu)定卷揚(yang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)啟閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)機(ji)，啟閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)機(ji)房頂(ding)部設(she)2臺(tai)(tai)50KN的(de)電動(dong)葫蘆(lu)以供(gong)啟閉(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)機(ji)檢(jian)修(xiu)時使用(yong)。
引水發電(dian)隧(sui)洞首端(duan)為(wei)(wei)12.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)長(chang)的(de)(de)漸變(bian)(bian)段(duan)，由(you)(you)6.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)×6.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)矩形(xing)漸變(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)直徑(jing)6.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)圓(yuan)形(xing)，隧(sui)洞軸線方向為(wei)(wei)NE54°，樁號0+021.00～0+257.57段(duan)為(wei)(wei)上(shang)平段(duan)，底板高(gao)程(cheng)以i=4%坡降(jiang)由(you)(you)3176.00米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)降(jiang)至(zhi)3166.54米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，上(shang)平段(duan)長(chang)度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)236.57米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。上(shang)平段(duan)后(hou)(hou)由(you)(you)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彎(wan)半(ban)徑(jing)R=18.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彎(wan)角θ=87.71°的(de)(de)上(shang)彎(wan)段(duan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)入豎井(jing)段(duan)，豎井(jing)段(duan)總高(gao)度(du)(du)38.77米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。豎井(jing)段(duan)后(hou)(hou)緊接著進入轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彎(wan)半(ban)徑(jing)R=18.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彎(wan)角θ=87.71°的(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)(xia)彎(wan)段(duan)，最后(hou)(hou)為(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)平段(duan)。下(xia)(xia)(xia)平段(duan)樁號0+292.13～0+442.15，底板高(gao)程(cheng)以i=4%坡降(jiang)由(you)(you)3091.79米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)降(jiang)至(zhi)3088.79米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，下(xia)(xia)(xia)平段(duan)長(chang)度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)150.02米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。0+442.15~0+454.15段(duan)為(wei)(wei)長(chang)度(du)(du)12米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)漸變(bian)(bian)段(duan)，底板高(gao)程(cheng)以i=4%坡降(jiang)由(you)(you)3088.79米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)降(jiang)至(zhi)3188.31米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，其后(hou)(hou)為(wei)(wei)142.64米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)壓力(li)鋼管(guan)(guan)埋管(guan)(guan)段(duan)，樁號0+454.15～0+596.79，底板高(gao)程(cheng)以i=4%坡降(jiang)由(you)(you)3188.31米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)降(jiang)至(zhi)3082.60米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。0+596.79~0+621.79段(duan)為(wei)(wei)長(chang)度(du)(du)25米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)明管(guan)(guan)段(duan)段(duan)，0+621.79~0+670.04段(duan)為(wei)(wei)長(chang)度(du)(du)48.25米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)叉管(guan)(guan)段(duan)。
引(yin)水(shui)發電洞圍(wei)巖分類及建(jian)筑(zhu)物特性見表1.1.2-4。
電站
電站廠房(fang)(fang)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)壩(ba)址(zhi)下游(you)約(yue)400米(mi)(mi)處左岸，廠房(fang)(fang)座落在(zai)(zai)巖石(shi)基礎上(shang)(shang)，尾水(shui)渠座落在(zai)(zai)河灘砂卵礫石(shi)層上(shang)(shang)。安裝(zhuang)間(jian)緊鄰主(zhu)(zhu)廠房(fang)(fang)機(ji)組(zu)段(duan)左側(ce)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)廠房(fang)(fang)上(shang)(shang)游(you)側(ce)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)副廠房(fang)(fang)，副廠房(fang)(fang)上(shang)(shang)游(you)側(ce)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)戶外(wai)式(shi)升壓站。主(zhu)(zhu)廠房(fang)(fang)總(zong)(zong)長37.75米(mi)(mi)，安裝(zhuang)間(jian)總(zong)(zong)長16.0米(mi)(mi)。廠房(fang)(fang)順水(shui)流向寬度19.0米(mi)(mi)，總(zong)(zong)高33.9米(mi)(mi)。副廠房(fang)(fang)總(zong)(zong)長為53.8米(mi)(mi)， 寬度為12.2米(mi)(mi)，分(fen)為兩層，地面(mian)以上(shang)(shang)及(ji)以下各一(yi)層。尾水(shui)平臺與發電機(ji)層同高程，寬度5.7米(mi)(mi)，主(zhu)(zhu)要布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)尾水(shui)門啟閉設備。安裝(zhuang)間(jian)布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)廠房(fang)(fang)左側(ce)，與進(jin)場(chang)公路相(xiang)接。主(zhu)(zhu)廠房(fang)(fang)內布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)3臺單(dan)機(ji)容(rong)量(liang)為29兆瓦(wa)的水(shui)輪(lun)發電機(ji)組(zu)，總(zong)(zong)裝(zhuang)機(ji)容(rong)量(liang)為87兆瓦(wa)。布(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)1臺125/32t -16.0m橋機(ji)。
引水發電工程由中國水電十五局(ju)承建。
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