概況
納子峽水電站(zhan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)是青海(hai)省(sheng)(sheng)重(zhong)點工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，位(wei)于門源回(hui)族(zu)自(zi)治縣蘇吉灘鄉與祁(qi)連縣默勒鎮的交(jiao)界處(chu)。2009年(nian)9月15日，青海(hai)黃河中型水電開(kai)發公(gong)(gong)司在(zai)納子峽水電站(zhan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)地現場舉(ju)行隆重(zhong)的開(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)儀式。參加(jia)開(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)儀式的有(you)青海(hai)省(sheng)(sheng)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府、省(sheng)(sheng)發改委(wei)、省(sheng)(sheng)水利廳(ting)、海(hai)北州(zhou)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府、祁(qi)連縣政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府、門源縣政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府等(deng)有(you)關部門和(he)黃河上游水電公(gong)(gong)司的領(ling)導和(he)專(zhuan)家。應業主邀請，該院(yuan)副院(yuan)長(chang)馬明、副總工(gong)(gong)(gong)師梁宗仁(ren)出(chu)席了(le)(le)開(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)儀式。該項(xiang)目的開(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)建設，標(biao)志者該院(yuan)在(zai)大通河流域(yu)設計的最(zui)高(gao)的面板堆(dui)石壩工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的正(zheng)式實施，體現了(le)(le)該院(yuan)在(zai)面板堆(dui)石壩領(ling)域(yu)的設計實力。
2011年9月6日，隨著納(na)子峽(xia)(xia)水(shui)電(dian)站基坑基礎面的清理完(wan)畢，中國水(shui)電(dian)四局第一分(fen)局納(na)子峽(xia)(xia)項(xiang)目部(bu)開始(shi)對主壩進行填筑實驗。
工程
工程(cheng)主要建筑物由混(hun)凝(ning)土面板堆石壩(ba)、右岸溢洪(hong)道、左(zuo)岸放空泄(xie)洪(hong)洞、左(zuo)岸引(yin)水(shui)(shui)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)洞、發(fa)電(dian)(dian)廠房(fang)(fang)、升壓站組成。工程(cheng)規模(mo)為(wei)(wei)二等(deng)大(da)（2）型，大(da)壩(ba)為(wei)(wei)1級建筑物，泄(xie)水(shui)(shui)建筑物、引(yin)水(shui)(shui)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)洞及廠房(fang)(fang)均為(wei)(wei)2級筑物。大(da)壩(ba)、泄(xie)水(shui)(shui)、發(fa)電(dian)(dian)引(yin)水(shui)(shui)建筑物按500年(nian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)遇(yu)(yu)洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)設(she)計(ji)，5000年(nian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)遇(yu)(yu)洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)校核，洪(hong)峰(feng)流(liu)量分(fen)別為(wei)(wei)1810立(li)(li)方米(mi)(mi)/秒(miao)和2340立(li)(li)方米(mi)(mi)/秒(miao)；廠房(fang)(fang)按100年(nian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)遇(yu)(yu)洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)設(she)計(ji)，500年(nian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)遇(yu)(yu)洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)校核，洪(hong)峰(feng)流(liu)量分(fen)別為(wei)(wei)1440立(li)(li)方米(mi)(mi)/秒(miao)和1810立(li)(li)方米(mi)(mi)/秒(miao)；泄(xie)水(shui)(shui)建筑物消(xiao)能防沖按50年(nian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)遇(yu)(yu)設(she)計(ji)，洪(hong)峰(feng)流(liu)量為(wei)(wei)1270立(li)(li)方米(mi)(mi)/秒(miao)。
納子峽水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)站(zhan)施工(gong)采用(yong)圍堰(yan)一次斷流(liu)(liu)，導流(liu)(liu)洞過(guo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的導流(liu)(liu)方式；汛期(qi)由壩(ba)(ba)體壩(ba)(ba)體擋水(shui)(shui)(shui)、左岸導流(liu)(liu)洞過(guo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)；水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫初(chu)期(qi)蓄水(shui)(shui)(shui)后至工(gong)程竣工(gong)前，選用(yong)壩(ba)(ba)體擋水(shui)(shui)(shui)、永久泄水(shui)(shui)(shui)建筑物過(guo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的導流(liu)(liu)方式。
根據規(gui)范確(que)定導流(liu)設(she)(she)計洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水標準為(wei)10年一(yi)遇(yu)，相(xiang)應(ying)(ying)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)峰流(liu)量為(wei)877立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)/秒(miao)。施工期壩體攔洪(hong)(hong)(hong)渡汛標準為(wei)50年一(yi)遇(yu)設(she)(she)計，相(xiang)應(ying)(ying)最(zui)(zui)大洪(hong)(hong)(hong)峰流(liu)量1300立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)/秒(miao)。導流(liu)泄水建筑(zhu)物(wu)封堵(du)期間及竣工前，永久泄洪(hong)(hong)(hong)建筑(zhu)物(wu)尚未(wei)具備設(she)(she)計泄洪(hong)(hong)(hong)能力(li)，壩體攔洪(hong)(hong)(hong)標準為(wei)200年一(yi)遇(yu)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水標準，最(zui)(zui)大洪(hong)(hong)(hong)峰流(liu)量1650立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)/秒(miao)。
混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)面(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)堆(dui)石壩(ba)(ba)壩(ba)(ba)軸線方位為(wei)(wei)SE145°，壩(ba)(ba)頂(ding)長度(du)為(wei)(wei)408.3米(mi)，壩(ba)(ba)頂(ding)寬度(du)為(wei)(wei)10.0米(mi)，最大(da)壩(ba)(ba)高121.5米(mi)，上(shang)游(you)(you)坡(po)(po)(po)1:1.55，下游(you)(you)壩(ba)(ba)坡(po)(po)(po)1：1.5，設置三層寬3米(mi)的(de)馬道，綜合(he)坡(po)(po)(po)比為(wei)(wei)1：1.58。壩(ba)(ba)頂(ding)設有高度(du)為(wei)(wei)3.3米(mi)的(de)放浪墻(qiang)與面(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)相接，壩(ba)(ba)頂(ding)高程(cheng)3204.6米(mi)，防浪墻(qiang)頂(ding)高程(cheng)3205.8米(mi)。面(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)頂(ding)端厚(hou)度(du)0.3米(mi)，底部最大(da)厚(hou)度(du)0.65米(mi)，為(wei)(wei)不等厚(hou)面(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)，面(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)間設垂直縫(feng)；面(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)與趾板(ban)(ban)(ban)間設周邊縫(feng)；壩(ba)(ba)頂(ding)防浪墻(qiang)與面(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)間設伸縮縫(feng)。壩(ba)(ba)體從(cong)上(shang)游(you)(you)到下游(you)(you)依(yi)次(ci)分區(qu)為(wei)(wei)蓋重區(qu)、混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)面(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)、墊(dian)層區(qu)、砂(sha)礫料3B1區(qu)、保護(hu)料區(qu)、排水區(qu)、砂(sha)礫料3B2區(qu)及下游(you)(you)堆(dui)石區(qu)、護(hu)坡(po)(po)(po)。壩(ba)(ba)體填(tian)筑總量532.7957萬立方米(mi)。
泄洪洞（導流洞）布置于左(zuo)岸，軸線角度(du)為SW249°，與(yu)壩軸線的(de)夾角為76°；左(zuo)岸上(shang)游設電站直(zhi)立式岸塔進水口(kou)，進水口(kou)右端與(yu)泄洪洞進口(kou)相鄰布置；溢洪道(dao)布置于右岸，軸線為SW205°。
溢(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)洪(hong)道(dao)布置于(yu)右岸，進口(kou)堰頂高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)3194.6米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，閘(zha)室(shi)設(she)計3孔(kong)弧形閘(zha)門，孔(kong)口(kou)尺寸為8×10米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，泄槽寬度12.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。出口(kou)高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)3119.09米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，挑(tiao)流鼻(bi)坎高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)3118.80米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，落(luo)差(cha)72.51米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，水平(ping)(ping)軸(zhou)(zhou)線(xian)全長450.52米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。溢(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)洪(hong)道(dao)控制閘(zha)室(shi)位于(yu)壩軸(zhou)(zhou)線(xian)處，上游設(she)置了166.3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)長的引水渠(qu)，渠(qu)底(di)高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為3191.6米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，閘(zha)頂高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)3204.6米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，溢(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)流堰頂高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為3194.1米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，泄槽段(duan)水平(ping)(ping)長215.9米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，縱坡分段(duan)分別為1/20和1/2，出口(kou)高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)3119.09米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，挑(tiao)流鼻(bi)坎高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)3118.80米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，落(luo)差(cha)72.51米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，水平(ping)(ping)軸(zhou)(zhou)線(xian)全長450.52米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。溢(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)洪(hong)道(dao)最大泄量1066立方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒，最大流速為35.73米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒。3孔(kong)溢(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)洪(hong)道(dao)各(ge)設(she)1扇表孔(kong)工(gong)作閘(zha)門，采用3臺后拉式液壓啟閉(bi)機控制3孔(kong)閘(zha)門。
引水(shui)(shui)發電(dian)洞進(jin)水(shui)(shui)口(kou)布置在左壩肩上游，座落(luo)在弱風化巖(yan)體(ti)上，為岸塔式(shi)(shi)進(jin)水(shui)(shui)口(kou)。進(jin)水(shui)(shui)口(kou)底板高程(cheng)(cheng)3176.0米(mi)，進(jin)水(shui)(shui)口(kou)順水(shui)(shui)流(liu)方向(xiang)總長21米(mi)，閘(zha)室(shi)頂部(bu)高程(cheng)(cheng)3204.6米(mi)，布置與大開挖后的深槽中(zhong)。進(jin)水(shui)(shui)口(kou)分(fen)(fen)為攔(lan)(lan)(lan)污(wu)(wu)柵(zha)(zha)段和閘(zha)門(men)(men)段，閘(zha)室(shi)兩側(ce)及后測(ce)與巖(yan)石開挖坡(po)面之間填筑混凝土(tu)，使閘(zha)室(shi)大部(bu)分(fen)(fen)鑲嵌(qian)在巖(yan)石中(zhong)。引水(shui)(shui)進(jin)水(shui)(shui)口(kou)建筑物(wu)(wu)后接壓力隧洞，出口(kou)與水(shui)(shui)輪機(ji)(ji)組相接。進(jin)水(shui)(shui)口(kou)設(she)1扇事(shi)故(gu)檢(jian)(jian)修閘(zha)門(men)(men)，在事(shi)故(gu)檢(jian)(jian)修閘(zha)門(men)(men)前設(she)一孔(kong)2道主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、副(fu)攔(lan)(lan)(lan)污(wu)(wu)柵(zha)(zha)攔(lan)(lan)(lan)截(jie)河水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)污(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)，防止(zhi)污(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)進(jin)入發電(dian)洞損(sun)壞水(shui)(shui)輪機(ji)(ji)，確保電(dian)站(zhan)正常(chang)發電(dian)。主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、副(fu)攔(lan)(lan)(lan)污(wu)(wu)柵(zha)(zha)上的污(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)采用(yong)人工(gong)清污(wu)(wu)。主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、副(fu)攔(lan)(lan)(lan)污(wu)(wu)柵(zha)(zha)、事(shi)故(gu)檢(jian)(jian)修門(men)(men)底板高程(cheng)(cheng)均為3176.00米(mi)，墩頂高程(cheng)(cheng)均為3204.60米(mi)。事(shi)故(gu)檢(jian)(jian)修閘(zha)門(men)(men)為平板滑動(dong)鋼閘(zha)門(men)(men)，孔(kong)口(kou)尺寸(寬×高) 6 米(mi)×6 米(mi)，事(shi)故(gu)檢(jian)(jian)修閘(zha)門(men)(men)啟(qi)閉機(ji)(ji)選用(yong)1臺1250KN -30m固定卷揚式(shi)(shi)啟(qi)閉機(ji)(ji)操作。進(jin)水(shui)(shui)口(kou)設(she)二(er)道二(er)孔(kong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、副(fu)攔(lan)(lan)(lan)污(wu)(wu)柵(zha)(zha)，攔(lan)(lan)(lan)污(wu)(wu)柵(zha)(zha)均為潛孔(kong)式(shi)(shi)滑動(dong)支(zhi)承攔(lan)(lan)(lan)污(wu)(wu)柵(zha)(zha)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、副(fu)攔(lan)(lan)(lan)污(wu)(wu)柵(zha)(zha)孔(kong)口(kou)尺寸均為(寬×高)8 米(mi)×14 米(mi) ，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、副(fu)攔(lan)(lan)(lan)污(wu)(wu)柵(zha)(zha)啟(qi)閉機(ji)(ji)均設(she)在進(jin)水(shui)(shui)口(kou)高程(cheng)(cheng)為3224.60米(mi)的啟(qi)閉機(ji)(ji)平臺上，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)柵(zha)(zha)選用(yong)2×800KN--30m固定卷揚式(shi)(shi)啟(qi)閉機(ji)(ji)，副(fu)柵(zha)(zha)選用(yong)2×630KN--30m固定卷揚式(shi)(shi)啟(qi)閉機(ji)(ji)，啟(qi)閉機(ji)(ji)房頂部(bu)設(she)2臺50KN的電(dian)動(dong)葫蘆以供啟(qi)閉機(ji)(ji)檢(jian)(jian)修時使用(yong)。
引水發電隧(sui)洞首(shou)端為(wei)(wei)(wei)12.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)長(chang)的(de)(de)漸(jian)變段(duan)(duan)(duan)，由(you)(you)6.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)×6.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)矩形漸(jian)變為(wei)(wei)(wei)直徑6.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)圓形，隧(sui)洞軸線方(fang)向為(wei)(wei)(wei)NE54°，樁(zhuang)號0+021.00～0+257.57段(duan)(duan)(duan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)上平(ping)段(duan)(duan)(duan)，底板(ban)(ban)高(gao)程(cheng)以(yi)i=4%坡(po)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)由(you)(you)3176.00米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)至3166.54米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，上平(ping)段(duan)(duan)(duan)長(chang)度為(wei)(wei)(wei)236.57米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。上平(ping)段(duan)(duan)(duan)后由(you)(you)轉彎半徑R=18.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、轉彎角(jiao)θ=87.71°的(de)(de)上彎段(duan)(duan)(duan)轉入(ru)豎井段(duan)(duan)(duan)，豎井段(duan)(duan)(duan)總(zong)高(gao)度38.77米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。豎井段(duan)(duan)(duan)后緊(jin)接著(zhu)進入(ru)轉彎半徑R=18.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、轉彎角(jiao)θ=87.71°的(de)(de)下(xia)彎段(duan)(duan)(duan)，最后為(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)平(ping)段(duan)(duan)(duan)。下(xia)平(ping)段(duan)(duan)(duan)樁(zhuang)號0+292.13～0+442.15，底板(ban)(ban)高(gao)程(cheng)以(yi)i=4%坡(po)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)由(you)(you)3091.79米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)至3088.79米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，下(xia)平(ping)段(duan)(duan)(duan)長(chang)度為(wei)(wei)(wei)150.02米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。0+442.15~0+454.15段(duan)(duan)(duan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)長(chang)度12米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)漸(jian)變段(duan)(duan)(duan)，底板(ban)(ban)高(gao)程(cheng)以(yi)i=4%坡(po)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)由(you)(you)3088.79米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)至3188.31米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，其(qi)后為(wei)(wei)(wei)142.64米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)壓力鋼管(guan)埋管(guan)段(duan)(duan)(duan)，樁(zhuang)號0+454.15～0+596.79，底板(ban)(ban)高(gao)程(cheng)以(yi)i=4%坡(po)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)由(you)(you)3188.31米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)至3082.60米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。0+596.79~0+621.79段(duan)(duan)(duan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)長(chang)度25米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)明(ming)管(guan)段(duan)(duan)(duan)段(duan)(duan)(duan)，0+621.79~0+670.04段(duan)(duan)(duan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)長(chang)度48.25米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)叉(cha)管(guan)段(duan)(duan)(duan)。
引水發電洞圍巖分類及建(jian)筑物特性(xing)見(jian)表1.1.2-4。
電站
電站廠(chang)(chang)房(fang)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)在壩址下游約400米處左(zuo)岸，廠(chang)(chang)房(fang)座落在巖(yan)石基(ji)礎上(shang)，尾(wei)水(shui)(shui)渠座落在河灘砂卵礫(li)石層(ceng)上(shang)。安(an)裝(zhuang)間緊鄰主(zhu)廠(chang)(chang)房(fang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)組段左(zuo)側(ce)(ce)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)，主(zhu)廠(chang)(chang)房(fang)上(shang)游側(ce)(ce)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)副廠(chang)(chang)房(fang)，副廠(chang)(chang)房(fang)上(shang)游側(ce)(ce)布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)戶外式(shi)升壓站。主(zhu)廠(chang)(chang)房(fang)總長37.75米，安(an)裝(zhuang)間總長16.0米。廠(chang)(chang)房(fang)順水(shui)(shui)流向寬度(du)19.0米，總高33.9米。副廠(chang)(chang)房(fang)總長為53.8米， 寬度(du)為12.2米，分為兩層(ceng)，地面(mian)以上(shang)及以下各一層(ceng)。尾(wei)水(shui)(shui)平臺與(yu)發電機(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)同高程，寬度(du)5.7米，主(zhu)要布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)有(you)尾(wei)水(shui)(shui)門(men)啟閉設備。安(an)裝(zhuang)間布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)在主(zhu)廠(chang)(chang)房(fang)左(zuo)側(ce)(ce)，與(yu)進場公路(lu)相接。主(zhu)廠(chang)(chang)房(fang)內布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)有(you)3臺單機(ji)(ji)(ji)容量(liang)為29兆瓦(wa)的水(shui)(shui)輪發電機(ji)(ji)(ji)組，總裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)容量(liang)為87兆瓦(wa)。布(bu)(bu)置(zhi)有(you)1臺125/32t -16.0m橋機(ji)(ji)(ji)。
引水發電工(gong)程由中國水電十五(wu)局承建。
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