基本信息
對河口水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)位于(yu)浙江省德清縣西部(bu)東苕溪支流余英溪上,是一座(zuo)以防洪為主,結合(he)灌溉(gai)、發電(dian)等綜合(he)利用的大(二)型水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)。水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)工(gong)程于(yu)1958年7月動工(gong)興建(jian),1965年8月竣工(gong)。水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)控制流域面積148.7平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公里,總庫(ku)(ku)容1.16億(yi)(yi)立方(fang)(fang)米(mi),正常庫(ku)(ku)容0.44億(yi)(yi)立方(fang)(fang)米(mi),2003年經過除(chu)險加固(gu)工(gong)程竣工(gong)后(hou),水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)總庫(ku)(ku)容增加到1.47億(yi)(yi)立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)。
水庫主體工(gong)程由粘土心(xin)墻(qiang)多種均(jun)質土壩(ba)(ba);均(jun)質土副壩(ba)(ba)、泄洪洞、溢洪道、輸水隧洞、裝機1360千瓦(wa)和320千瓦(wa)各一臺的(de)壩(ba)(ba)后電(dian)站組成。工(gong)程投入(ru)運行以來,已攔蓄大小洪水60多次,為確保德(de)清縣城、莫(mo)干山經濟開(kai)發區、下游(you)10萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)農田和間接保護杭(hang)嘉平原(yuan)32萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)農田的(de)防洪安全,發揮了巨(ju)大效益(yi),灌溉農田約3.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu),水庫多年平均(jun)發電(dian)量500萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千瓦(wa)時(shi),基本達到設計效益(yi)。
樞紐工程
(1)粘土心墻各種土質(zhi)壩(ba),壩(ba)高33米(mi)(mi),壩(ba)頂高程58米(mi)(mi),主壩(ba)長292.5米(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)7.3米(mi)(mi);副壩(ba)為均質(zhi)土壩(ba),高22米(mi)(mi),壩(ba)頂長123米(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)6.4米(mi)(mi)。
(2)泄(xie)水(shui)(shui)建(jian)筑(zhu)物為(wei)泄(xie)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),底(di)部高(gao)(gao)程(cheng)41.03米(mi)(mi),洞(dong)(dong)(dong)長59.1米(mi)(mi),內(nei)(nei)徑(jing)3.85米(mi)(mi),平板鋼閘(zha)門設(she)置在豎井中,及溢(yi)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)道(dao)底(di)高(gao)(gao)程(cheng)51.0米(mi)(mi),上有1.86米(mi)(mi)高(gao)(gao)小(xiao)土埝,當洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)位(wei)達52.75米(mi)(mi)時,破埝溢(yi)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong),溢(yi)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)底(di)寬12米(mi)(mi);以及輸水(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),進口高(gao)(gao)程(cheng)29.2米(mi)(mi),內(nei)(nei)徑(jing)2.5米(mi)(mi),長238米(mi)(mi),在洞(dong)(dong)(dong)出口已裝錐形(xing)閘(zha)頭封閉,在隧洞(dong)(dong)(dong)中段(duan)列出發電(dian)鋼管;水(shui)(shui)電(dian)站裝機2臺840千(qian)瓦(wa)。 水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)以防洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)為(wei)主,結(jie)合(he)灌溉發電(dian)。原按百年(nian)一遇(yu)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)設(she)計(ji)(ji),千(qian)年(nian)一遇(yu)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)校核(he),設(she)計(ji)(ji)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)位(wei)52.75米(mi)(mi),校核(he)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)位(wei)57.35米(mi)(mi)。總庫(ku)容1.16億(yi)立米(mi)(mi),設(she)計(ji)(ji)正常水(shui)(shui)位(wei)41.6米(mi)(mi),相應庫(ku)容0.318億(yi)立米(mi)(mi)。為(wei)解決由于渠系配套(tao)不善,灌溉水(shui)(shui)量不足的問題,正常蓄(xu)水(shui)(shui)位(wei),控制水(shui)(shui)位(wei):臺汛42.0米(mi)(mi);梅汛期44.0米(mi)(mi)。
旅游開發
莫(mo)干(gan)湖(hu)在(zai)莫(mo)干(gan)山(shan)南(nan)麓。1960年對河口水庫(ku)攔河壩建成(cheng)蓄水后(hou),形成(cheng)的(de)大(da)型人工湖(hu)。面(mian)積3.7平方公里。湖(hu)周群(qun)山(shan)環抱、林木(mu)蔥郁,湖(hu)岸曲折多姿,站在(zai)湖(hu)心(xin)小(xiao)島上,可飽覽湖(hu)光山(shan)色(se)。北面(mian)有一小(xiao)山(shan)伸入湖(hu)中,曰(yue)美女峰,南(nan)面(mian)湖(hu)畔(pan),花果成(cheng)林,栽植著(zhu)楊梅、桃、板栗等多種果樹,猶如置身于(yu)世外桃源。