基本信息
對河口水(shui)庫(ku)位于(yu)浙(zhe)江省德清縣西(xi)部東苕溪支流余英溪上,是一座以防洪為主,結合灌溉(gai)、發電(dian)等綜合利用的大(二(er))型水(shui)庫(ku)。水(shui)庫(ku)工(gong)程(cheng)于(yu)1958年7月動工(gong)興建,1965年8月竣工(gong)。水(shui)庫(ku)控制(zhi)流域面積(ji)148.7平方(fang)(fang)公里,總(zong)庫(ku)容(rong)1.16億立方(fang)(fang)米(mi),正常庫(ku)容(rong)0.44億立方(fang)(fang)米(mi),2003年經過(guo)除險(xian)加固(gu)工(gong)程(cheng)竣工(gong)后,水(shui)庫(ku)總(zong)庫(ku)容(rong)增加到1.47億立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)。
水庫(ku)主體(ti)工(gong)程由粘(zhan)土心(xin)墻多種均質土壩(ba)(ba);均質土副壩(ba)(ba)、泄洪(hong)洞、溢洪(hong)道(dao)、輸水隧洞、裝機(ji)1360千(qian)瓦和320千(qian)瓦各一臺的壩(ba)(ba)后電站組成(cheng)。工(gong)程投(tou)入運(yun)行以來,已攔蓄(xu)大小洪(hong)水60多次,為確保德清(qing)縣(xian)城、莫干山經濟(ji)開發區、下游10萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)農(nong)田和間接保護杭(hang)嘉平(ping)原32萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)農(nong)田的防洪(hong)安全,發揮(hui)了巨大效益(yi),灌溉農(nong)田約3.5萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu),水庫(ku)多年(nian)平(ping)均發電量(liang)500萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)瓦時,基本(ben)達(da)到設計效益(yi)。
樞紐工程
(1)粘土(tu)心(xin)墻(qiang)各種土(tu)質壩(ba),壩(ba)高(gao)33米(mi),壩(ba)頂(ding)高(gao)程(cheng)58米(mi),主壩(ba)長292.5米(mi),寬(kuan)7.3米(mi);副壩(ba)為均質土(tu)壩(ba),高(gao)22米(mi),壩(ba)頂(ding)長123米(mi),寬(kuan)6.4米(mi)。
(2)泄水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)建筑物為泄洪(hong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),底部高(gao)(gao)程41.03米(mi)(mi)(mi),洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)長(chang)59.1米(mi)(mi)(mi),內徑(jing)3.85米(mi)(mi)(mi),平板鋼閘門設(she)置在(zai)豎井中(zhong),及(ji)溢洪(hong)道底高(gao)(gao)程51.0米(mi)(mi)(mi),上有(you)1.86米(mi)(mi)(mi)高(gao)(gao)小土埝,當洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)達52.75米(mi)(mi)(mi)時,破埝溢洪(hong),溢洪(hong)底寬12米(mi)(mi)(mi);以(yi)(yi)及(ji)輸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),進口(kou)高(gao)(gao)程29.2米(mi)(mi)(mi),內徑(jing)2.5米(mi)(mi)(mi),長(chang)238米(mi)(mi)(mi),在(zai)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)出口(kou)已裝錐形閘頭(tou)封閉,在(zai)隧洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)中(zhong)段(duan)列(lie)出發電(dian)(dian)鋼管;水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)站裝機2臺840千瓦。 水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)以(yi)(yi)防洪(hong)為主,結(jie)合灌(guan)溉發電(dian)(dian)。原按百年一遇洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)計(ji)(ji),千年一遇洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)校(xiao)核,設(she)計(ji)(ji)洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)52.75米(mi)(mi)(mi),校(xiao)核洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)57.35米(mi)(mi)(mi)。總庫(ku)容(rong)1.16億立(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi),設(she)計(ji)(ji)正常(chang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)41.6米(mi)(mi)(mi),相應庫(ku)容(rong)0.318億立(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。為解決由于渠系配套不善,灌(guan)溉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量不足的問(wen)題(ti),正常(chang)蓄(xu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei),控制水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei):臺汛42.0米(mi)(mi)(mi);梅汛期44.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)。
旅游開發
莫(mo)干(gan)湖(hu)(hu)在莫(mo)干(gan)山南麓(lu)。1960年對河口水庫攔河壩建成蓄水后,形成的大型人工湖(hu)(hu)。面積(ji)3.7平方公里。湖(hu)(hu)周(zhou)群山環抱、林木蔥郁,湖(hu)(hu)岸曲折多姿,站在湖(hu)(hu)心(xin)小(xiao)島上(shang),可(ke)飽覽湖(hu)(hu)光(guang)山色。北(bei)面有一小(xiao)山伸(shen)入湖(hu)(hu)中,曰美女峰,南面湖(hu)(hu)畔,花果成林,栽植著楊梅、桃(tao)、板栗(li)等(deng)多種果樹,猶如(ru)置身于世外桃(tao)源。