藏(zang)波羅花(hua)(hua)(Incarvillea younghusbandii Sprague)是(shi)紫葳科角蒿屬(shu)的(de)(de)矮小宿根草本植物,無(wu)莖;根肉質,粗壯;葉基生(sheng),平(ping)鋪于地上(shang),為1回羽(yu)狀(zhuang)復(fu)葉;頂端(duan)小葉卵圓(yuan)形(xing)至圓(yuan)形(xing),較大(da),頂端(duan)圓(yuan)或(huo)鈍(dun),基部心形(xing),側生(sheng)小葉2~5對,卵狀(zhuang)橢圓(yuan)形(xing),粗糙,具泡狀(zhuang)隆起,有鈍(dun)齒,近(jin)無(wu)柄;花(hua)(hua)單生(sheng)或(huo)3~6朵著生(sheng)于葉腋中抽出縮(suo)短的(de)(de)總梗上(shang);花(hua)(hua)萼鐘(zhong)狀(zhuang),無(wu)毛,萼齒;花(hua)(hua)冠(guan)細(xi)長,漏斗狀(zhuang),花(hua)(hua)冠(guan)筒橘黃色,花(hua)(hua)冠(guan)裂片(pian)開展,圓(yuan)形(xing);蒴果近(jin)于木質,彎(wan)曲或(huo)新月(yue)形(xing),具四(si)棱;花(hua)(hua)期5~8月(yue);果期8~10月(yue)。
藏波羅花(hua)分(fen)布于中國(guo)青海(hai)、西藏,在尼泊(bo)爾也(ye)有分(fen)布,生于高山沙(sha)質草甸及山坡礫石(shi)墊狀灌叢中,海(hai)拔4000~5000米。藏波羅花(hua)喜光,耐(nai)寒,耐(nai)貧瘠。采用種子繁殖。
藏波(bo)羅(luo)花(hua)根可(ke)入藥,性(xing)溫(wen)、味甘,有滋補強壯的功效,可(ke)治產后少乳、久(jiu)病虛弱、頭暈、貧血。藏波(bo)羅(luo)花(hua)也是一種有較好的觀賞(shang)性(xing)的高(gao)山花(hua)卉。
該(gai)種(zhong)極近雞肉參(can),但(dan)植(zhi)株矮(ai)小,小葉粗糙,具泡狀隆起,1-3(-6)枚貼生于地面(mian)上,花梗長1-3厘米,花冠(guan)管細長,蒴果極彎曲,易于區別。
分布(bu)于青海、西藏(拉薩、那(nei)曲、班戈、索縣、比如、仲巴、加里、錯(cuo)那(nei)、普蘭、定結(jie)、聶拉木、定日、改(gai)則)。在尼泊爾也(ye)有(you)分布(bu)。藏波羅花(hua)喜光,耐寒,耐貧瘠。
藏(zang)波羅花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)紫葳科角(jiao)蒿屬的矮小(xiao)宿(su)根(gen)草本(ben)植物(wu),高10-20厘(li)(li)(li)米,無莖(jing)。根(gen)肉質,粗壯;粗6-11毫(hao)(hao)米。葉基(ji)生(sheng)(sheng),平(ping)鋪于(yu)地上,為1回羽狀復葉;葉軸長約(yue)(yue)(yue)3-4厘(li)(li)(li)米;頂(ding)端(duan)(duan)小(xiao)葉卵圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)至(zhi)圓形(xing)(xing)(xing),較大(da),長及(ji)寬為3-5(-7)厘(li)(li)(li)米,頂(ding)端(duan)(duan)圓或鈍,基(ji)部心(xin)形(xing)(xing)(xing),側生(sheng)(sheng)小(xiao)葉2-5對,卵狀橢圓形(xing)(xing)(xing),長1-2厘(li)(li)(li)米,寬約(yue)(yue)(yue)1厘(li)(li)(li)米,粗糙,具泡狀隆起(qi),有鈍齒(chi)(chi)(chi),近(jin)無柄(bing)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)單生(sheng)(sheng)或3-6朵(duo)著生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)葉腋中抽(chou)出縮短的總(zong)梗(geng)上;花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)梗(geng)長6-9毫(hao)(hao)米。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)萼鐘狀,無毛(mao),長8-12毫(hao)(hao)米,口部直徑(jing)約(yue)(yue)(yue)4毫(hao)(hao)米,萼齒(chi)(chi)(chi)5,不等大(da),平(ping)滑,長約(yue)(yue)(yue)5-7毫(hao)(hao)米。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)冠(guan)(guan)細長,漏斗(dou)狀,長4-5(-7)厘(li)(li)(li)米,基(ji)部直徑(jing)3毫(hao)(hao)米,中部直徑(jing)8毫(hao)(hao)米,花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)冠(guan)(guan)筒桔黃色,花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)冠(guan)(guan)裂(lie)片開(kai)展,圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)尊鐘狀,無毛(mao),尊齒(chi)(chi)(chi)5雄蕊(rui)4,著生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)冠(guan)(guan)筒基(ji)部,2強,花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)藥丁字形(xing)(xing)(xing)著生(sheng)(sheng),在藥隔的基(ji)部有一針狀距,長約(yue)(yue)(yue)1毫(hao)(hao)米,膜質,藥室(shi)縱(zong)向開(kai)裂(lie)。雌蕊(rui)的花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)柱由花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)藥抱合(he),并遠伸出于(yu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)冠(guan)(guan)之外,長約(yue)(yue)(yue)4厘(li)(li)(li)米,柱頭扇(shan)形(xing)(xing)(xing),薄膜狀,2片開(kai)裂(lie),子(zi)房2室(shi),棒狀,胚珠在每一胎座上1-2列(lie)。蒴果(guo)近(jin)于(yu)木質,彎曲或新月(yue)形(xing)(xing)(xing),長3-4.5厘(li)(li)(li)米,具四(si)棱,頂(ding)端(duan)(duan)銳尖,淡(dan)褐(he)色,2瓣開(kai)裂(lie)。種子(zi)2列(lie),橢圓形(xing)(xing)(xing),長5毫(hao)(hao)米,寬2.5毫(hao)(hao)米,下面(mian)凸(tu)起(qi),上面(mian)凹(ao)入,近(jin)黑色,具不明顯細齒(chi)(chi)(chi)狀周(zhou)翅(chi)及(ji)鱗片。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)5-8月(yue),果(guo)期(qi)(qi)8-10月(yue)。
采用種子繁殖。
藏波羅花也是一(yi)種有較(jiao)好的(de)觀賞(shang)性的(de)高山花卉。
藏波羅花根可入藥(yao),性味溫甘(gan)淡,有滋補(bu)強(qiang)壯(zhuang)的(de)功效,可治產后少(shao)乳、久病虛弱、頭暈、貧血。