在(zai)長汀縣城(cheng)(cheng)關。唐大(da)歷四年(nian)(769年(nian)),汀州刺(ci)史陳劍(jian)將(jiang)州治從東(dong)坊口大(da)丘頭(tou)(距城(cheng)(cheng)關約5里)遷移至今址,于(yu)臥龍山(shan)之陽筑土城(cheng)(cheng)。宋(song)治平(ping)三年(nian)(1066年(nian)),郡守劉(liu)均擴城(cheng)(cheng),城(cheng)(cheng)墻周長5里余,基寬3丈(zhang),高(gao)1.8丈(zhang),城(cheng)(cheng)壕深1.5丈(zhang)。
辟(pi)城(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)六處(chu):東(dong)曰“濟川(chuan)”,西曰“秋成”,南(nan)(nan)曰“頒條”、“鄞江”,東(dong)南(nan)(nan)曰“通(tong)(tong)遠(yuan)”,東(dong)北曰“興賢(xian)”。明洪(hong)武四(si)年(1371年)重修(xiu),并(bing)將城(cheng)墻(qiang)包以(yi)磚石(shi),封(feng)閉(bi)“頒條門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”,“濟川(chuan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”改(gai)(gai)為“麗春門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”,“秋成門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”改(gai)(gai)為“通(tong)(tong)津門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”,“通(tong)(tong)遠(yuan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”改(gai)(gai)為“鎮南(nan)(nan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”,“鄞江門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”改(gai)(gai)為“廣(guang)儲(chu)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”,“興賢(xian)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”改(gai)(gai)為“朝天門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”。明弘治十一年(1499年),建“廣(guang)儲(chu)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”和(he)“麗春門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”兩(liang)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓。崇禎九年(1635年)重修(xiu),將城(cheng)墻(qiang)增高加厚,并(bing)筑“寶(bao)珠(zhu)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”和(he)“惠吉(ji)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”。清順治以(yi)后,經幾次重修(xiu),至1924年,城(cheng)墻(qiang)大部分被拆(chai)毀,余者十之二三。
古(gu)城(cheng)墻始建于唐大歷(li)四(si)年,依山傍(bang)水,體現了我國(guo)古(gu)代(dai)高超的建筑技(ji)藝(yi)和不朽的藝(yi)術價值(zhi)。現在保(bao)存(cun)完好的城(cheng)墻近3000米,2013年被列為(wei)全國(guo)重(zhong)點文物保(bao)護單位。2014年11月(yue),長(chang)汀縣(xian)政府重(zhong)修的濟川門建成。?
古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)曾有四大城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men),朝天門(men)(men)(men)(men)是汀(ting)州府四大城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi),俗(su)稱(cheng)東門(men)(men)(men)(men),原名興(xing)賢門(men)(men)(men)(men),明洪武四年進(jin)行修(xiu)葺,以(yi)磚石(shi)砌(qi)之(zhi)(zhi),上有門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓,門(men)(men)(men)(men)固樓高(gao),形勢雄偉,便改名朝天門(men)(men)(men)(men)。清代汀(ting)州知府鄢(yan)翼明又重修(xiu),城(cheng)(cheng)樓主體建筑于城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)高(gao)臺(tai)之(zhi)(zhi)上,層層飛(fei)檐,凌(ling)空高(gao)翥,列(lie)為汀(ting)城(cheng)(cheng)勝跡“東翹(qiao)舒嘯(xiao)”。 坐(zuo)落于南大街的(de)寶珠(zhu)門(men)(men)(men)(men),因南朝珠(zhu)峰,故(gu)得名玉(yu)珠(zhu)門(men)(men)(men)(men)。明崇(chong)禎十年被修(xiu)繕過,分為內外兩(liang)重,是一(yi)座較為特殊的(de)古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men),至今仍保(bao)存完(wan)整,人們習慣(guan)稱(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)“寶珠(zhu)樓”。
水東橋西邊城(cheng)(cheng)墻原有堅固的城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men),原名會(hui)川門(men)(men),據(ju)志載,明嘉靖四十年,知府楊世芳率知縣王(wang)邈督(du)建(jian)城(cheng)(cheng)樓,改名挹清(qing)門(men)(men)。清(qing)兵入閩(min)時(shi),隆武帝與(yu)隨行官(guan)員、宮中(zhong)后妃逃(tao)至長汀,城(cheng)(cheng)內即戒備森嚴,城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)緊閉,許多人自告奮勇登城(cheng)(cheng)守衛。清(qing)兵則縱火焚燒挹清(qing)門(men)(men),守衛者戰死于(yu)門(men)(men)樓上。至民國(guo),因擴充(chong)道路門(men)(men)樓被拆除,但(dan)水東橋西端至今群眾還習慣稱之為“挹清(qing)門(men)(men)頭”。
今(jin)三元閣門(men)(men)樓是(shi)最(zui)古老的城(cheng)門(men)(men),原(yuan)名鄞江門(men)(men),后(hou)改為廣儲門(men)(men),是(shi)唐(tang)朝大歷年間(jian)汀州刺(ci)史(shi)陳劍遷徙州治建筑土(tu)城(cheng)時的城(cheng)門(men)(men),歷代均有修(xiu)(xiu)繕,清代為三層(ceng)城(cheng)樓,閣基(ji)是(shi)原(yuan)古城(cheng)門(men)(men),用方塊石條(tiao)堆砌(qi),上(shang)邊用城(cheng)墻磚(zhuan)砌(qi)成(cheng),翹角飛(fei)檐,甚為壯觀。在歷代王(wang)朝中,古城(cheng)墻經過不斷修(xiu)(xiu)葺擴(kuo)建,也增設許多(duo)城(cheng)門(men)(men),如(ru)古郡(jun)南(nan)門(men)(men)、五通門(men)(men)、水吉門(men)(men)、西門(men)(men)等,有些后(hou)來在道路擴(kuo)建中被拆除(chu),有些尚保存,成(cheng)為古跡,被列為縣級文物保護。?
現存城(cheng)(cheng)墻自朝天(tian)門(men)(men)(men)至惠吉(ji)門(men)(men)(men)近河一(yi)帶,長(chang)(chang)1125米(mi)(mi),還有(you)(you)城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)樓3座。城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)樓皆明清時期磚(zhuan)(zhuan)木(mu)(mu)結(jie)構,氣勢雄偉(wei)。廣儲門(men)(men)(men)樓,位于(yu)(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)區和平路,花崗石砌基(ji),青磚(zhuan)(zhuan)斗(dou)拱,三重(zhong)(zhong)遞進,長(chang)(chang)8.55米(mi)(mi),拱門(men)(men)(men)高3.4米(mi)(mi),一(yi)重(zhong)(zhong)跨度4.4米(mi)(mi),二重(zhong)(zhong)跨度6.1米(mi)(mi),遺(yi)有(you)(you)唐代(dai)八角復(fu)盆(pen)式石柱礎;朝天(tian)門(men)(men)(men)樓,位于(yu)(yu)東大街,磚(zhuan)(zhuan)砌城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men),甬道長(chang)(chang)4.88米(mi)(mi),跨度3.3米(mi)(mi),清代(dai)重(zhong)(zhong)建,樓閣式雙(shuang)層磚(zhuan)(zhuan)木(mu)(mu)結(jie)構,面闊3間,進深2間,重(zhong)(zhong)檐(yan)歇(xie)山頂(ding);寶珠門(men)(men)(men)樓經南大街,雙(shuang)重(zhong)(zhong)城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men),中(zhong)間有(you)(you)天(tian)窗,兩(liang)廊(lang)馬槽連接,建筑風格獨特。面對這文化遺(yi)產中(zhong)的(de)瑰寶,不能(neng)不贊嘆(tan)中(zhong)國古代(dai)勞動人民的(de)豐富智慧和偉(wei)大的(de)創造(zao)。
汀(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)州(zhou)古(gu)城墻古(gu)城樓(lou)、汀(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)州(zhou)試(shi)院、汀(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)州(zhou)三元閣(ge)、朝天(tian)門、五通(tong)門、水(shui)吉門、寶珠門、惠吉門、汀(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)州(zhou)文廟、汀(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)州(zhou)朱子祠、汀(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)州(zhou)宗(zong)圣廟、北極樓(lou)、云驤閣(ge)、汀(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)州(zhou)府城隍廟、汀(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)州(zhou)天(tian)后宮、汀(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)州(zhou)南禪(chan)寺、唐(tang)宋(song)明清古(gu)街古(gu)民(min)居(烏石巷、五通(tong)街、東(dong)門街、南大街、惠吉巷街、店頭(tou)街)、汀(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)州(zhou)古(gu)井(jing)雙陰(yin)塔(ta)、汀(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)州(zhou)狀元亭(ting)、大同十(shi)里(li)鋪定光陂、館前沈宅“九廳十(shi)八(ba)井(jing)”、童坊平(ping)原山廣福院、汀(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)州(zhou)紫云公(gong)祠、汀(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)州(zhou)賴氏(shi)坦公(gong)祠、濯田水(shui)頭(tou)賴氏(shi)宗(zong)祠建筑(zhu)群(qun)、策武永隆橋(qiao)、烏石崠(dong)古(gu)文化(hua)遺址、南山古(gu)瓷窯(yao)遺址、古(gu)城隘嶺及大同天(tian)鄰古(gu)驛棧遺址等(deng)。
去古城(cheng)鎮(zhen)做火車是(shi)有古城(cheng)站(zhan)(zhan),或者下車進縣(xian)城(cheng)的西客(ke)車站(zhan)(zhan)(摩的3塊錢左右)轉班(ban)車。