在(zai)長(chang)(chang)汀縣城關。唐大歷(li)四(si)年(nian)(769年(nian)),汀州(zhou)刺(ci)史陳劍將(jiang)州(zhou)治(zhi)從東坊口大丘頭(距城關約(yue)5里(li)(li))遷移(yi)至今址(zhi),于臥龍(long)山之陽筑土城。宋治(zhi)平(ping)三(san)年(nian)(1066年(nian)),郡守劉均擴城,城墻周長(chang)(chang)5里(li)(li)余,基(ji)寬(kuan)3丈,高1.8丈,城壕深1.5丈。
辟城(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)六處:東曰“濟川(chuan)(chuan)”,西曰“秋成(cheng)”,南曰“頒條”、“鄞(yin)(yin)江”,東南曰“通(tong)遠(yuan)”,東北曰“興賢(xian)”。明洪武四年(nian)(1371年(nian))重(zhong)修,并將(jiang)城(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)包以(yi)磚石(shi),封閉“頒條門(men)(men)(men)(men)”,“濟川(chuan)(chuan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)”改(gai)(gai)為(wei)(wei)“麗(li)春(chun)門(men)(men)(men)(men)”,“秋成(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)”改(gai)(gai)為(wei)(wei)“通(tong)津門(men)(men)(men)(men)”,“通(tong)遠(yuan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)”改(gai)(gai)為(wei)(wei)“鎮南門(men)(men)(men)(men)”,“鄞(yin)(yin)江門(men)(men)(men)(men)”改(gai)(gai)為(wei)(wei)“廣儲門(men)(men)(men)(men)”,“興賢(xian)門(men)(men)(men)(men)”改(gai)(gai)為(wei)(wei)“朝天(tian)門(men)(men)(men)(men)”。明弘治(zhi)十(shi)一年(nian)(1499年(nian)),建“廣儲門(men)(men)(men)(men)”和“麗(li)春(chun)門(men)(men)(men)(men)”兩門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓。崇禎(zhen)九年(nian)(1635年(nian))重(zhong)修,將(jiang)城(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)增(zeng)高加厚(hou),并筑“寶珠門(men)(men)(men)(men)”和“惠吉門(men)(men)(men)(men)”。清順治(zhi)以(yi)后(hou),經(jing)幾次重(zhong)修,至(zhi)1924年(nian),城(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)大部(bu)分被拆毀(hui),余者十(shi)之二三(san)。
古城(cheng)墻始建于(yu)唐大歷四年(nian),依山傍水,體現(xian)了(le)我國古代高超的建筑技藝和不(bu)朽的藝術價(jia)值。現(xian)在保存完好的城(cheng)墻近3000米,2013年(nian)被列為全國重(zhong)點文(wen)物(wu)保護單位。2014年(nian)11月(yue),長汀(ting)縣(xian)政府(fu)重(zhong)修的濟川門建成。?
古城(cheng)(cheng)墻曾有四(si)大城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men),朝天門(men)(men)(men)(men)是汀州(zhou)府(fu)四(si)大城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi),俗(su)稱東門(men)(men)(men)(men),原名興(xing)賢門(men)(men)(men)(men),明(ming)洪(hong)武四(si)年進行修葺,以磚石砌(qi)之(zhi)(zhi),上有門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓,門(men)(men)(men)(men)固樓高,形(xing)勢雄偉,便改名朝天門(men)(men)(men)(men)。清代汀州(zhou)知府(fu)鄢翼明(ming)又重(zhong)修,城(cheng)(cheng)樓主體建筑(zhu)于城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)高臺之(zhi)(zhi)上,層(ceng)層(ceng)飛檐,凌空高翥,列為(wei)汀城(cheng)(cheng)勝(sheng)跡“東翹舒嘯(xiao)”。 坐落于南大街的寶珠門(men)(men)(men)(men),因南朝珠峰,故得名玉(yu)珠門(men)(men)(men)(men)。明(ming)崇禎十年被修繕過,分為(wei)內(nei)外兩重(zhong),是一(yi)(yi)座較為(wei)特殊的古城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men),至今(jin)仍(reng)保存(cun)完(wan)整,人們習慣稱之(zhi)(zhi)“寶珠樓”。
水(shui)東橋(qiao)西邊城(cheng)墻原有堅固的城(cheng)門,原名會川門,據志(zhi)載,明嘉靖四十年,知府楊世芳率知縣王邈督建城(cheng)樓,改名挹清(qing)(qing)門。清(qing)(qing)兵(bing)入閩時,隆武(wu)帝與隨行(xing)官員、宮中后妃逃至(zhi)長汀,城(cheng)內即戒備森嚴,城(cheng)門緊閉,許多人自告奮勇登城(cheng)守(shou)衛。清(qing)(qing)兵(bing)則(ze)縱火焚(fen)燒挹清(qing)(qing)門,守(shou)衛者戰死(si)于門樓上。至(zhi)民國,因擴充道路門樓被(bei)拆除(chu),但水(shui)東橋(qiao)西端至(zhi)今群眾還習慣(guan)稱之為“挹清(qing)(qing)門頭”。
今三(san)元閣門(men)樓是(shi)最(zui)古老的城(cheng)門(men),原名鄞江門(men),后改為(wei)廣(guang)儲(chu)門(men),是(shi)唐朝(chao)大歷(li)年間汀州(zhou)刺史(shi)陳劍遷(qian)徙(xi)州(zhou)治(zhi)建(jian)筑土城(cheng)時的城(cheng)門(men),歷(li)代均(jun)有(you)修(xiu)繕(shan),清代為(wei)三(san)層城(cheng)樓,閣基是(shi)原古城(cheng)門(men),用(yong)方塊石條堆砌,上邊用(yong)城(cheng)墻磚砌成,翹(qiao)角飛檐,甚(shen)為(wei)壯觀。在(zai)(zai)歷(li)代王朝(chao)中(zhong),古城(cheng)墻經過不(bu)斷修(xiu)葺擴建(jian),也增設許多城(cheng)門(men),如古郡(jun)南門(men)、五(wu)通門(men)、水吉門(men)、西門(men)等(deng),有(you)些后來在(zai)(zai)道路擴建(jian)中(zhong)被拆(chai)除,有(you)些尚(shang)保存,成為(wei)古跡,被列為(wei)縣級文物保護。?
現存城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻自朝(chao)(chao)天門(men)至惠吉門(men)近河一帶,長(chang)1125米(mi)(mi),還有城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)樓(lou)3座(zuo)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)樓(lou)皆明清時期磚(zhuan)木結構(gou)(gou),氣(qi)勢雄偉(wei)。廣(guang)儲門(men)樓(lou),位于城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區和(he)平路,花崗石(shi)砌基,青磚(zhuan)斗拱(gong),三重(zhong)(zhong)遞進,長(chang)8.55米(mi)(mi),拱(gong)門(men)高3.4米(mi)(mi),一重(zhong)(zhong)跨(kua)度4.4米(mi)(mi),二重(zhong)(zhong)跨(kua)度6.1米(mi)(mi),遺(yi)有唐代八角復盆(pen)式石(shi)柱(zhu)礎;朝(chao)(chao)天門(men)樓(lou),位于東大街(jie),磚(zhuan)砌城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men),甬道長(chang)4.88米(mi)(mi),跨(kua)度3.3米(mi)(mi),清代重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian),樓(lou)閣式雙層磚(zhuan)木結構(gou)(gou),面闊3間,進深2間,重(zhong)(zhong)檐歇山頂(ding);寶珠門(men)樓(lou)經南大街(jie),雙重(zhong)(zhong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間有天窗,兩(liang)廊馬槽連接(jie),建(jian)筑風(feng)格獨特。面對這(zhe)文化遺(yi)產中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)瑰(gui)寶,不能不贊嘆中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國古代勞(lao)動人民的(de)(de)豐富智慧(hui)和(he)偉(wei)大的(de)(de)創(chuang)造。
汀(ting)(ting)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)古(gu)城墻古(gu)城樓、汀(ting)(ting)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)試院(yuan)、汀(ting)(ting)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)三元閣(ge)、朝天(tian)門、五通門、水吉(ji)門、寶珠門、惠(hui)吉(ji)門、汀(ting)(ting)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)文(wen)廟、汀(ting)(ting)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)朱子祠、汀(ting)(ting)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)宗(zong)圣廟、北極(ji)樓、云驤(xiang)閣(ge)、汀(ting)(ting)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)府城隍廟、汀(ting)(ting)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)天(tian)后宮、汀(ting)(ting)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)南禪(chan)寺、唐宋明清古(gu)街古(gu)民(min)居(烏石(shi)巷(xiang)、五通街、東門街、南大(da)街、惠(hui)吉(ji)巷(xiang)街、店頭(tou)街)、汀(ting)(ting)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)古(gu)井雙(shuang)陰塔、汀(ting)(ting)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)狀(zhuang)元亭、大(da)同十里鋪定光陂、館前沈宅“九廳(ting)十八井”、童(tong)坊平原(yuan)山(shan)(shan)廣福院(yuan)、汀(ting)(ting)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)紫云公(gong)祠、汀(ting)(ting)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)賴氏(shi)坦公(gong)祠、濯田水頭(tou)賴氏(shi)宗(zong)祠建筑群、策武(wu)永隆橋、烏石(shi)崠(dong)古(gu)文(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)址、南山(shan)(shan)古(gu)瓷(ci)窯遺(yi)(yi)址、古(gu)城隘(ai)嶺及大(da)同天(tian)鄰古(gu)驛棧遺(yi)(yi)址等。
去古(gu)城鎮做火車(che)是有古(gu)城站,或者下車(che)進縣城的西客車(che)站(摩的3塊(kuai)錢左右)轉(zhuan)班車(che)。