文物遺存
查干浩特城址(zhi)平面呈方形(xing),每邊長約(yue)500米。夯筑土(tu)墻,殘(can)高0.9-1.5米。四面各開一門,外筑甕(weng)城。四隅設角臺。北墻有(you)馬面。城內(nei)發現建筑址(zhi)三十余處,十字(zi)形(xing)街道與四門相連,寬8-10米。遺址(zhi)中采集到筒(tong)瓦(wa)、板瓦(wa),灰陶卷沿盆(pen)、直口(kou)罐,鐵銹(xiu)花白瓷罐、茶釉(you)甕(weng)等殘(can)片。城東北高地(di)上有(you)古(gu)墓(mu)群,已清理兩座為(wei)土(tu)穴(xue)洞室(shi)墓(mu),內(nei)置(zhi)木棺,單(dan)人仰身(shen)直肢葬,頭朝西,死者穿絲綢衣服(fu)。墓(mu)地(di)上有(you)景教(jiao)墓(mu)頂石,屬(shu)阿(a)剌(la)兀(wu)思(si)系汪古(gu)人墓(mu)地(di)。
查干(gan)浩特(te),意為白(bai)(bai)色的城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)池。該遺址(zhi)由東白(bai)(bai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、白(bai)(bai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、西白(bai)(bai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、阿巴嘎山(shan)祭祀址(zhi)及白(bai)(bai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)附近村落遺址(zhi)等幾部分(fen)組(zu)成。總面積69萬平方(fang)米。它利用棋盤山(shan)作為天然屏障,在(zai)兩(liang)座山(shan)峰(feng)之(zhi)間的山(shan)坳(ao)處(chu)采(cai)用夯筑城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻,中心(xin)辟(pi)有寬10米的白(bai)(bai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南門(men)。白(bai)(bai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的內(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建以宮(gong)殿。中央宮(gong)殿位(wei)于(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市的中軸線上(shang),四周環以配殿,形成眾星(xing)拱月式的格局。在(zai)白(bai)(bai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和內(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)共發現24塊不同(tong)形狀(zhuang)和規格的柱礎石(shi),全部采(cai)用白(bai)(bai)色花(hua)崗巖(yan)制造(zao),柱礎正面和立面均經(jing)過磨刻或(huo)鑿刻處(chu)理(li),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中出土有綠、黃色琉(liu)璃龍鱗紋殘磚、綠釉筒瓦(wa)、高足杯、銀(yin)錠(ding)等一批重要文物(wu),充分(fen)顯示(shi)出主人的權位(wei)之(zhi)高。
保護
2006年(nian)5月(yue)被國務院公(gong)布為第六批全國文物保(bao)護單位。