保安古屯田寨堡群包括保安古城、年都乎城堡、郭麻日城堡和吾屯城堡,位于同仁市隆務鎮以北8公里的隆務河中游東西兩岸臺地上,建于明代洪武年間,明萬歷二年(公園1574年)重新擴建。明萬歷后,保安四屯在保安堡中軍千總王延儀帶領下,忠于明朝,守衛此地,并在計屯(年都乎城堡)、吳屯(吾屯城堡)、李屯(郭麻日城堡)、脫屯(保安古城)等四屯筑建城堡,防御“西海蒙古”。明末清初,兵源和糧餉仍出自四寨堡。清代雍正后增設營制,增設都司衙門,在堡內修建兵營、兵房及馬房共500間,增募兵騎500余人,形成甘青地區歷史上重要的口外重鎮和軍事陣地,成為明清中央政府在隆務河流域控制各部落的一個政治、軍事和文化中心。2013年,同仁市保安古屯田寨(zhai)堡(bao)群被(bei)正(zheng)式(shi)批列為(wei)全國重點(dian)文物保護單位。
相關介紹
具有400多(duo)年(nian)歷(li)史的(de)(de)(de)同仁市(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)歷(li)經(jing)滄(cang)桑歲(sui)月,歷(li)史上是(shi)一(yi)座(zuo)雄(xiong)踞西(xi)(xi)北(bei)的(de)(de)(de)邊關重鎮、黃南(nan)地區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)中(zhong)心。迄(qi)今,古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)還保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)留著古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻、都(dou)司衙門、明清(qing)兵營等40多(duo)處歷(li)史遺跡,是(shi)名(ming)副其(qi)實的(de)(de)(de)活著的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史文(wen)化(hua)(hua)名(ming)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。據(ju)了解,保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)所在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)湟水、隆務河(he)流域自(zi)古(gu)以來(lai)是(shi)兵家的(de)(de)(de)必爭之地,漢(han)代(dai)就有中(zhong)央(yang)政府派軍把守。明朝(chao)時期(qi),由于受到海寇屢犯邊境,神宗皇(huang)帝便下令在(zai)(zai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)所在(zai)(zai)地增(zeng)加防御(yu)人員,擴建城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堡,命名(ming)為保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)位于民族(zu)(zu)(zu)聚居和(he)遷移(yi)的(de)(de)(de)農、牧(mu)區(qu)交(jiao)(jiao)匯處,自(zi)漢(han)朝(chao)以來(lai),漢(han)、西(xi)(xi)羌(qiang)、鮮卑、吐蕃、蒙(meng)古(gu)、土、回等民族(zu)(zu)(zu),長(chang)期(qi)在(zai)(zai)這里交(jiao)(jiao)融共處,孕育了保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)族(zu)(zu)(zu)和(he)融合了中(zhong)亞伊斯蘭文(wen)化(hua)(hua)、西(xi)(xi)域突厥文(wen)化(hua)(hua)、蒙(meng)古(gu)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)、藏文(wen)化(hua)(hua)以及中(zhong)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)地區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)漢(han)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)族(zu)(zu)(zu)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)。如今,保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雖然保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)存(cun)了一(yi)些古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺址,但(dan)早已失去了往日(ri)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)貌(mao)(mao)。這幾年(nian),同仁市(shi)(shi)依托“中(zhong)國歷(li)史文(wen)化(hua)(hua)名(ming)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”的(de)(de)(de)品牌效應,充分利用“北(bei)依西(xi)(xi)寧、南(nan)望九寨”的(de)(de)(de)地理(li)優勢,積極傳承保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)悠久的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史文(wen)化(hua)(hua),生(sheng)動再現保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)始風貌(mao)(mao),將古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建設成具有明清(qing)建筑風格,重現明清(qing)時代(dai)古(gu)雅的(de)(de)(de)青(qing)(qing)磚、漢(han)瓦、木床風格的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)座(zuo)歷(li)史文(wen)化(hua)(hua)名(ming)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。據(ju)悉,古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)修(xiu)繕工程首(shou)先(xian)實施了保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)大街(jie)街(jie)面(mian)部分修(xiu)繕工程,統一(yi)建成青(qing)(qing)磚、漢(han)瓦、彩(cai)雕、吊欄等形狀的(de)(de)(de)明清(qing)風格古(gu)街(jie),并(bing)修(xiu)建保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)牌坊、停車(che)場(chang)(chang)、農貿市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)、鐵城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)山景區(qu)。同時將陸(lu)續(xu)恢復(fu)都(dou)司衙門、明清(qing)兵營、南(nan)北(bei)古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門、古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻等30余(yu)處歷(li)史遺跡,全面(mian)恢復(fu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)面(mian)貌(mao)(mao),重現歷(li)史輝煌(huang),為同仁市(shi)(shi)旅游興縣戰略打(da)下堅(jian)實的(de)(de)(de)基礎。