伏羲(xi)(xi)廟(miao)(miao)位于(yu)山(shan)(shan)東省濟(ji)寧市微(wei)山(shan)(shan)縣兩城(cheng)鎮劉莊(zhuang)村境內,是(shi)(shi)濟(ji)寧市現存較早的廟(miao)(miao)宇建筑(zhu)。伏羲(xi)(xi)陵臺(tai)(tai)基高筑(zhu),伏羲(xi)(xi)廟(miao)(miao)即在其上(shang)。陵臺(tai)(tai)長40.5米(mi),寬34.6米(mi),面積為1401.3平方(fang)米(mi),臺(tai)(tai)高4.6米(mi)。陵臺(tai)(tai)四周條石砌壘,非常(chang)壯觀(guan)。由于(yu)伏羲(xi)(xi)陵后(hou)(hou)有(you)圣(sheng)母池泉(quan)(quan),陵前又(you)與西(xi)側(ce)諸泉(quan)(quan)交匯,青山(shan)(shan)碧(bi)野,流水潺潺,美麗的景觀(guan),吸(xi)引著(zhu)歷代(dai)文人(ren)墨客,有(you)不少詩篇(pian)載(zai)入“地方(fang)志(zhi)”。位于(yu)兩城(cheng)鄉(xiang)劉莊(zhuang)村西(xi)北30米(mi)處(chu),背依(yi)鳳凰(huang)山(shan)(shan),面朝獨山(shan)(shan)湖。廟(miao)(miao)后(hou)(hou)有(you)“六合(he)”“圣(sheng)母”等諸泉(quan)(quan)匯流。廟(miao)(miao)建于(yu)陵臺(tai)(tai)之(zhi)上(shang),數里(li)之(zhi)外,即可看到。伏羲(xi)(xi)廟(miao)(miao)原是(shi)(shi)一組(zu)完整的古建筑(zhu)群(qun),前有(you)三圣(sheng)閣,后(hou)(hou)有(you)女媧(wa)殿,伏羲(xi)(xi)殿建在中心部(bu)位,并配以(yi)鐘樓、鼓樓、廟(miao)(miao)門等建筑(zhu),繞以(yi)青石圍墻(qiang)。
據《魏書·地形志(zhi)》載:“高(gao)平,二漢屬山陽……有(you)癡水、千秋城(cheng)(cheng)、湖陸城(cheng)(cheng)、齊(qi)城(cheng)(cheng)、高(gao)平山、承雀(que)山、伏羲(xi)廟(miao)。”據此,伏羲(xi)廟(miao)雖(sui)然創建年代不詳(xiang),但(dan)在魏時就已為名勝。
《十(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)道圖·圖經》載:“單(dan)州魚臺(tai)縣東北七(qi)十(shi)(shi)里曰辛(xin)興(xing)村,其(qi)間(jian)有(you)(you)(you)伏羲皇帝之陵,陵上有(you)(you)(you)廟。”唐(tang)、宋、元(yuan)、明皆有(you)(you)(you)重(zhong)修碑刻。由于年久(jiu)失修,許多(duo)建筑(zhu)被拆除,墻垣倒塌(ta)殆盡(jin),現(xian)(xian)唯一留存(cun)的建筑(zhu)物——伏羲殿(dian)(dian)。伏羲殿(dian)(dian)坐落在青石(shi)(shi)云(yun)(yun)臺(tai)(即伏羲陵)上。殿(dian)(dian)面闊(kuo)5間(jian),進深3間(jian),長15.4米(mi),寬9米(mi),面積138.6平方米(mi)。建筑(zhu)形式為(wei)(wei)單(dan)檐歇山式,斗拱(gong)(gong)(gong)結(jie)構,單(dan)華(hua)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)、三(san)(san)下昂、七(qi)鋪(pu)座(zuo)(zuo)。殿(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)八柱(zhu)六重(zhong)梁(liang)九檁,長鼓狀石(shi)(shi)礎。大殿(dian)(dian)東西(xi)兩側各有(you)(you)(you)4根(gen),前后各有(you)(you)(you)兩根(gen)八棱形石(shi)(shi)柱(zhu);前面有(you)(you)(you)6根(gen),后面有(you)(you)(you)4根(gen)木柱(zhu)。兩稍(shao)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)一座(zuo)(zuo)間(jian)斗拱(gong)(gong)(gong),中間(jian)3間(jian)檐下為(wei)(wei)兩座(zuo)(zuo)補間(jian)斗拱(gong)(gong)(gong)。殿(dian)(dian)內梁(liang)、檁、椽、柱(zhu)上均施以彩(cai)繪,因年代久(jiu)遠現(xian)(xian)已模糊不(bu)清(qing)。殿(dian)(dian)頂為(wei)(wei)黃綠色(se)琉璃瓦,脊(ji)瓦作(zuo)對(dui)吻云(yun)(yun)龍圖案。殿(dian)(dian)中頂檁上有(you)(you)(you)大明嘉靖三(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)九年重(zhong)修”字樣。殿(dian)(dian)內現(xian)(xian)還存(cun)有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)碑兩幢:一為(wei)(wei)蒙古中統(tong)二年(1261年)《重(zhong)修伏羲圣祖廟碑》,一為(wei)(wei)明萬歷四十(shi)(shi)一年(1613年)《重(zhong)修伏羲廟碑》。
國(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)核定公布了第(di)七批全國(guo)重(zhong)點文(wen)(wen)物(wu)保護單位(共計(ji)(ji)1943處)以及與現有全國(guo)重(zhong)點文(wen)(wen)物(wu)保護單位合并的(de)項目(mu)(共計(ji)(ji)47處),微山(shan)縣兩城鎮伏羲廟榜上有名。被評(ping)為(wei)全國(guo)重(zhong)點文(wen)(wen)物(wu)古跡。