省立一中(zhong)(zhong)具有光榮的革(ge)命(ming)傳(chuan)統,是太(tai)原(yuan)市暨山(shan)西省中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)黨團組織的誕生地,被稱(cheng)為山(shan)西革(ge)命(ming)史(shi)上的“南湖”,在中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)發展史(shi)上具有重要的意義。高君(jun)宇、王振翼(yi)、賀昌(chang)、王瀛、張叔平、張友清(qing)、彭(peng)真等曾就讀于此(ci)。
這里原是明清時期山西(xi)的(de)(de)(de)貢院,1906年(nian)(nian)(nian)創(chuang)辦山西(xi)公立(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)堂,1913年(nian)(nian)(nian)更(geng)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)山西(xi)省(sheng)立(li)(li)第一中(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)校(xiao)。五四運動(dong)(dong)時,省(sheng)立(li)(li)一中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)進步學(xue)生與其他學(xue)校(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)進步學(xue)生一起,與當(dang)局(ju)進行堅(jian)決的(de)(de)(de)斗(dou)爭,取(qu)得了勝利。高(gao)(gao)君(jun)宇、王振翼、賀昌(chang)、王瀛、張叔平、張友(you)清、彭真等大(da)批(pi)(pi)早期共(gong)產主(zhu)義(yi)者(zhe)和(he)無(wu)產階級革命(ming)家曾就讀于(yu)省(sheng)立(li)(li)一中(zhong)(zhong),并(bing)從事革命(ming)活動(dong)(dong)。1921年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue),以“喚醒勞工(gong),改造(zao)社會”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宗旨的(de)(de)(de)太(tai)原社會主(zhu)義(yi)青年(nian)(nian)(nian)團(tuan)在(zai)省(sheng)立(li)(li)一中(zhong)(zhong)成(cheng)立(li)(li),這是山西(xi)省(sheng)成(cheng)立(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)第一個團(tuan)組織。1924年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue),高(gao)(gao)君(jun)宇受中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)北方區委和(he)李大(da)釗(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)委派,在(zai)省(sheng)立(li)(li)一中(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)太(tai)原黨小組(后改為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)太(tai)原支部(bu)),這也是在(zai)山西(xi)省(sheng)建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)第一個共(gong)產黨組織。2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue),山西(xi)省(sheng)委、省(sheng)政(zheng)(zheng)府于(yu)彭真同志誕辰100周年(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)際在(zai)此建(jian)(jian)起了中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)太(tai)原支部(bu)舊(jiu)址紀念(nian)館(guan)。2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)4月(yue)27日,經中(zhong)(zhong)央同意,正式定(ding)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)彭真生平暨中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)太(tai)原支部(bu)舊(jiu)址紀念(nian)館(guan)。2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)省(sheng)委、省(sheng)政(zheng)(zheng)府命(ming)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)愛國(guo)主(zhu)義(yi)教(jiao)育(yu)基地,2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)山西(xi)省(sheng)人民政(zheng)(zheng)府公布為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)省(sheng)級重點(dian)文物保(bao)(bao)護單(dan)位,2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)國(guo)家文物局(ju)評為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“國(guo)家二級博物館(guan)”,2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(yue)被(bei)省(sheng)委、省(sheng)政(zheng)(zheng)府和(he)省(sheng)軍區確(que)定(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)防(fang)教(jiao)育(yu)基地。 2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)入選第七批(pi)(pi)全國(guo)重點(dian)文物保(bao)(bao)護單(dan)位。