簡介
唐(tang)節愍太(tai)子李重俊墓位(wei)于富平縣宮里鄉南陵村北,九二(er)(er)年九月二(er)(er)十日(ri)被公布為(wei)省級(ji)重點文物保護單位(wei)。
李重俊生平
李重(zhong)俊(jun),唐中宗李顯第(di)三子(zi)(zi),后(hou)宮所生,圣歷元(yuan)年(nian)(698年(nian))封(feng)(feng)義興郡王。神(shen)龍(long)元(yuan)年(nian)(705年(nian))封(feng)(feng)衛王,拜(bai)洛州(zhou)(zhou)牧,賜實封(feng)(feng)千戶。尋遷左(zuo)衛大將軍,兼遷授(shou)楊(yang)(yang)州(zhou)(zhou)大都督(du),神(shen)龍(long)二年(nian)(706年(nian))秋(qiu),被(bei)立為(wei)(wei)(wei)皇太(tai)(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)。李重(zhong)俊(jun)性惰剛果,沒有賢(xian)能的(de)老師(shi)指教,辦(ban)事沒有行(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)準則, 他以秘(mi)書監楊(yang)(yang)繳,太(tai)(tai)(tai)常(chang)卿武(wu)崇訓(xun)做為(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)賓(bin)客(ke),楊(yang)(yang)繳等人(ren),憑(ping)李重(zhong)俊(jun)得(de)寵,不(bu)學無(wu)術(shu),唯有狗(gou)、馬、蹴鞠取樂于重(zhong)俊(jun),左(zuo)庶(shu)子(zi)(zi)姚(yao)挺數次(ci)建(jian)議重(zhong)俊(jun)改正自己(ji)的(de)過(guo)錯,或(huo)庶(shu)子(zi)(zi)平貞給太(tai)(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)獻上孝(xiao)經議、養德等傳。太(tai)(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)只(zhi)納而不(bu)用,武(wu)三思以韋(wei)后(hou)的(de)勢力,欲(yu)圖不(bu)軌,但害怕太(tai)(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)的(de)勢力。武(wu)三思的(de)兒子(zi)(zi)武(wu)崇訓(xun),取安樂公(gong)(gong)(gong)主,經常(chang)唆(suo)使安樂公(gong)(gong)(gong)主凌辱重(zhong)俊(jun),以不(bu)是韋(wei)后(hou)所生而呼為(wei)(wei)(wei)奴。并數次(ci)勸公(gong)(gong)(gong)主請求中宗廢重(zhong)俊(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)王,而立安樂公(gong)(gong)(gong)主為(wei)(wei)(wei)皇太(tai)(tai)(tai)女。
神龍(long)三年(nian)(707年(nian))七月,氣憤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)急(ji)的(de)(de)李(li)(li)(li)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俊率(lv)(lv)左(zuo)羽(yu)林大將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)李(li)(li)(li)多(duo)詐(zha),右羽(yu)林軍(jun)(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)李(li)(li)(li)思沖、李(li)(li)(li)承況、獨(du)孤諱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),沙(sha)吒忠義(yi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng),矯制發(fa)左(zuo)右羽(yu)林軍(jun)(jun)及千(qian)騎(qi)三百(bai)(bai)余人(ren),把正(zheng)在尋歡做樂的(de)(de)武(wu)三思與(yu)武(wu)崇(chong)訓(xun)你子(zi)(zi)殺死于(yu)(yu)其府地,并(bing)殺死同黨十(shi)余人(ren),又(you)命(ming)令(ling)(ling)左(zuo)右金吾(wu)大將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)成王千(qian)里(li), 分兵(bing)(bing)守衛(wei)宮誠(cheng)諸門(men)(men),親自率(lv)(lv)兵(bing)(bing)追(zhui)至(zhi)(zhi)肅(su)章門(men)(men),斬(zhan)關而(er)入,叩合追(zhui)殺韋庶人(ren)及安樂公主,上(shang)(shang)官(guan)婉兒、韋庶人(ren)及公主遂擁中宗帝馳赴玄(xuan)武(wu)門(men)(men)樓(lou),命(ming)令(ling)(ling)左(zuo)羽(yu)林軍(jun)(jun)劉(liu)仁景等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng),率(lv)(lv)令(ling)(ling)留軍(jun)(jun)飛(fei)騎(qi)百(bai)(bai)余人(ren)于(yu)(yu)樓(lou)下(xia)(xia)列隊守衛(wei)玄(xuan)武(wu)門(men)(men)。李(li)(li)(li)多(duo)詐(zha)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)領兵(bing)(bing)至(zhi)(zhi),欲突(tu)玄(xuan)武(wu)門(men)(men)樓(lou),守衛(wei)兵(bing)(bing)卒拒擋,不(bu)得進。中宗依檻呼叫李(li)(li)(li)多(duo)詐(zha)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)部(bu)(bu)下(xia)(xia),曰:“汝并(bing)是(shi)(shi)我(wo)爪牙,何故作逆?若能歸順(shun),斬(zhan)多(duo)詐(zha)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng),與(yu)汝富貴”。于(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi),千(qian)騎(qi)王歡喜倒戈(ge),斬(zhan)多(duo)詐(zha)及李(li)(li)(li)承況,獨(du)孤諱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),沙(sha)吒忠義(yi)于(yu)(yu)玄(xuan)武(wu)門(men)(men)前,其余同黨遂潰散,重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俊兵(bing)(bing)敗(bai),率(lv)(lv)部(bu)(bu)屬百(bai)(bai)余人(ren)從肅(su)章門(men)(men)逃奔終(zhong)南山,準備投奔突(tu)厥。中宗下(xia)(xia)令(ling)(ling)長(chang)上(shang)(shang)果(guo)毅趙思慎率(lv)(lv)輕騎(qi)追(zhui)趕,重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俊逃至(zhi)(zhi)鄂縣西十(shi)余里(li)休息,被部(bu)(bu)下(xia)(xia)人(ren)殺死,并(bing)把首級獻(xian)于(yu)(yu)朝廷(ting),又(you)獻(xian)于(yu)(yu)太(tai)廟,并(bing)祭武(wu)三思、武(wu)崇(chong)訓(xun)的(de)(de)靈柩(jiu)。 唐睿(rui)宗即(ji)位,下(xia)(xia)制曰:“重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)俊,大千(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi),元(yuan)良守器。往罹構間,困于(yu)(yu)讒嫉。莫顧鐵鉞(yue),輕盜甲兵(bing)(bing),有北誅夷,無不(bu)悲憧;今四兇咸服,十(shi)起(qi)何追(zhui),方申赤暈(yun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冤,以黃泉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)痛,可贈皇太(tai)子(zi)(zi)”。謚曰:節愍(min),陪(pei)葬(zang)定陵。
李重俊墓的文物價值
李重俊(jun)墓已由省考古研究所(suo)發掘清理,從發掘情(qing)況看,墓園由兩(liang)部(bu)分(fen)組(zu)成,即地面和地下兩(liang)部(bu)分(fen)構成,地面文物由于年代久遠(yuan),幸存(cun)無幾,封土(tu)堆因雨水沖刷和人為(wei)的蝕食(shi)。現(xian)為(wei)覆斗形,系夯筑,夯層厚12─15厘米(mi)(mi)(mi),底部(bu)邊長37米(mi)(mi)(mi),高20余米(mi)(mi)(mi)。已探明陵(ling)園東(dong)西120米(mi)(mi)(mi),南(nan)北(bei)150米(mi)(mi)(mi),中有(you)(you)門(men)闕(que)一對(dui),面積10×10米(mi)(mi)(mi),四個(ge)角有(you)(you)角闕(que)11×11米(mi)(mi)(mi),四個(ge)角闕(que)有(you)(you)夯筑城墻相連,寬2─2.5米(mi)(mi)(mi),門(men)闕(que)前(qian)有(you)(you)司(si)馬(ma)(ma)道(dao),寬約20米(mi)(mi)(mi),司(si)馬(ma)(ma)道(dao)兩(liang)側原有(you)(you)大量(liang)石刻,今(jin)僅存(cun)石人一尊,石蹲獅一座,地下部(bu)分(fen)由墓道(dao),過洞、天井(jing)、甬道(dao)、壁(bi)龕、墓室(shi)(shi)等六部(bu)分(fen)組(zu)成,全長54.25米(mi)(mi)(mi),在(zai)壁(bi)龕、天井(jing)、過洞、 甬道(dao)、墓室(shi)(shi)出土(tu)大量(liang)的文物,有(you)(you)彩繪陶俑、三彩殘(can)片、白瓷、哀冊(ce)、玉壁(bi)等文物200余件和大面積的壁(bi)畫,有(you)(you):山水、馬(ma)(ma)球圖、列(lie)戟、仕女、官吏、瑞(rui)禽、屏風(feng)等,對(dui)研究唐代禮制(zhi)制(zhi)度,工藝繪畫等,是(shi)難(nan)得(de)的實(shi)物依(yi)據。