長安(an)(an)城的范圍包括現(xian)今西安(an)(an)市的城區和近郊。唐末兵亂(luan),它被毀(hui)壞(huai)得(de)很厲害,終于(yu)成為廢墟(xu)。解(jie)放以前,曾(ceng)有不少(shao)學者試(shi)圖發掘這座唐城的遺(yi)址(zhi),因苦于(yu)條件限(xian)制,沒有成功。
1957年,中(zhong)國科學院考(kao)古研究所組織專門(men)的(de)(de)唐城發(fa)掘隊,開始(shi)了規模較大的(de)(de)發(fa)掘工作。經(jing)過四年多的(de)(de)辛(xin)勤勞動(dong),遺址的(de)(de)概貌已經(jing)顯露出來(lai)。從已經(jing)發(fa)掘的(de)(de)城市布局、宮殿、街道、坊(fang)里的(de)(de)遺跡,可以想(xiang)見當時這座城市中(zhong)千門(men)萬戶、車水馬龍的(de)(de)盛況。
2011年(nian),考古人員在配合基本建設時發現了大面積(ji)的唐代陶窯群遺址,其中(zhong)有兩組(zu)陶窯保存完整(zheng),已在有關部門的協調下進(jin)行回填(tian)保護。
2010年底(di),陜西省考(kao)古研究院對(dui)西安(an)未央區大白楊西村西區基建范圍進行了1000平(ping)方米的考(kao)古發掘。
2010年(nian)底,陜西省(sheng)考古研究院共清理陶窯(yao)22座,其中清理唐(tang)代(dai)陶窯(yao)17座和(he)水井3座,以及(ji)一些(xie)不同時代(dai)的墓(mu)葬等遺(yi)跡。
2015年11月,陜西文物部(bu)門(men)考(kao)古人員在唐代長安(an)城東市遺(yi)址發掘(jue)中(zhong),發現450件唐代遺(yi)物及(ji)(ji)一批重(zhong)要(yao)商業(ye)遺(yi)跡(ji)(ji)。 據(ju)介(jie)紹(shao),此次發掘(jue)位置在東市遺(yi)址中(zhong)部(bu)偏東處(chu)。目前,500平方(fang)米探方(fang)累(lei)計(ji)出土磚瓦、陶器(qi)(qi)、玉器(qi)(qi)、銅器(qi)(qi)、玻璃器(qi)(qi)、寶(bao)石(shi)戒面、開元通(tong)寶(bao)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)有“家酒店(dian)”字樣的瓷壺底片等唐代遺(yi)物450件。現場發掘(jue)過程中(zhong),發現3條(tiao)唐代道路(lu)遺(yi)跡(ji)(ji)、3條(tiao)水溝遺(yi)跡(ji)(ji),店(dian)肆(si)后作(zuo)坊遺(yi)跡(ji)(ji)1片、水井(jing)(jing)4口、窖井(jing)(jing)2口、滲井(jing)(jing)11口、灰坑(keng)(keng)12個、活土坑(keng)(keng)3處(chu)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)臥泥池、陶甕坑(keng)(keng)各1處(chu)。
東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)長(chang)9721米(mi),南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)寬(kuan)8651.7米(mi),周(zhou)長(chang)36.7公里,是(shi)當(dang)時世界上較(jiao)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)有(you)(you)(you)15個(ge)(ge)(ge),東(dong)(dong)(dong)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)由(you)北(bei)(bei)(bei)向(xiang)南(nan)有(you)(you)(you)通化門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、春明(ming)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、延(yan)興(xing)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),南(nan)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)由(you)東(dong)(dong)(dong)向(xiang)西(xi)(xi)為啟(qi)夏門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、明(ming)德(de)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、安(an)(an)化門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),西(xi)(xi)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)自北(bei)(bei)(bei)向(xiang)南(nan)為開遠門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、金光(guang)(guang)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)和(he)(he)延(yan)平(ping)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),北(bei)(bei)(bei)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)中(zhong)段即宮城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)(bei)(bei)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang),宮城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)(yi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)有(you)(you)(you)丹鳳門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),宮城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)(yi)西(xi)(xi)有(you)(you)(you)芳(fang)林門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(隋稱(cheng)華林門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men))、景耀門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)和(he)(he)光(guang)(guang)化門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),玄(xuan)(xuan)武(wu)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)和(he)(he)安(an)(an)禮門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)與(yu)宮城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)共用。地(di)(di)(di)面城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)遺址僅(jin)玄(xuan)(xuan)武(wu)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)附近和(he)(he)安(an)(an)化門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)處(chu)各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)小段。地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)基保存基本完好,寬(kuan)9~10米(mi),個(ge)(ge)(ge)別地(di)(di)(di)方(fang)達20米(mi)。明(ming)德(de)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)是(shi)長(chang)安(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)正南(nan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),位于長(chang)安(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)軸線,朱(zhu)雀(que)(que)(que)大(da)(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)南(nan)端,規模(mo)宏(hong)大(da)(da),是(shi)長(chang)安(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)。門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)址東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)長(chang)52.5米(mi),南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)進(jin)深16.5米(mi),有(you)(you)(you)5個(ge)(ge)(ge)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)道(dao),每(mei)(mei)個(ge)(ge)(ge)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)道(dao)均寬(kuan)6.5米(mi)。門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)道(dao)間的(de)(de)(de)隔墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)厚(hou)2.9米(mi),門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)道(dao)兩(liang)(liang)側有(you)(you)(you)排柱柱坑,每(mei)(mei)排15個(ge)(ge)(ge),東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)對(dui)稱(cheng),各(ge)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)道(dao)中(zhong)部原都有(you)(you)(you)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)檻(jian),用青石制成,現僅(jin)存留(liu)部分(fen)殘(can)件。東(dong)(dong)(dong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)道(dao)石門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)檻(jian)寬(kuan)0.4米(mi),厚(hou)0.26米(mi),殘(can)長(chang)3.7米(mi),門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)檻(jian)上有(you)(you)(you)車(che)轍(che)的(de)(de)(de)溝(gou)槽四(si)條(tiao)在(zai)正中(zhong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)道(dao)。殘(can)留(liu)的(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)檻(jian)較(jiao)其他制作更為精(jing)致,上面雕(diao)刻有(you)(you)(you)流暢的(de)(de)(de)卷草花紋及(ji)浮(fu)雕(diao)臥獸,具有(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)藝術價值。外郭城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)(nei)有(you)(you)(you)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)向(xiang)大(da)(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)11條(tiao),東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)向(xiang)大(da)(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)14條(tiao),街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)道(dao)十分(fen)寬(kuan)闊,其中(zhong)明(ming)德(de)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)內(nei)(nei)朱(zhu)雀(que)(que)(que)大(da)(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)寬(kuan)達150~155米(mi)。兩(liang)(liang)側有(you)(you)(you)寬(kuan)3.3米(mi)、深約2米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)溝(gou)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)(nei)大(da)(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)把(ba)郭城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)為110坊(fang)(fang)(fang),朱(zhu)雀(que)(que)(que)大(da)(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)55坊(fang)(fang)(fang)為萬年(nian)縣(xian),朱(zhu)雀(que)(que)(que)大(da)(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)西(xi)(xi)55坊(fang)(fang)(fang)為長(chang)安(an)(an)縣(xian)。朱(zhu)雀(que)(que)(que)大(da)(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)兩(liang)(liang)側4列(lie)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)面積(ji)最小,有(you)(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)和(he)(he)一(yi)條(tiao)橫(heng)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)兩(liang)(liang)側的(de)(de)(de)6列(lie)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)最大(da)(da),有(you)(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)四(si)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)和(he)(he)十字(zi)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)將(jiang)全坊(fang)(fang)(fang)劃為4個(ge)(ge)(ge)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)區(qu),又(you)有(you)(you)(you)小巷將(jiang)全坊(fang)(fang)(fang)分(fen)為16個(ge)(ge)(ge)小區(qu)。坊(fang)(fang)(fang)內(nei)(nei)是(shi)居民住(zhu)宅、王(wang)公宅第和(he)(he)寺(si)(si)觀(guan),史籍記載佛(fo)寺(si)(si)100多處(chu),道(dao)觀(guan)30多座(zuo),波斯寺(si)(si)二,景教(jiao)寺(si)(si)五 。著(zhu)名的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)慈(ci)恩寺(si)(si)大(da)(da)雁塔(ta)、薦福寺(si)(si)小雁塔(ta)。還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)興(xing)善寺(si)(si)、青龍寺(si)(si)等。坊(fang)(fang)(fang)有(you)(you)(you)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang),坊(fang)(fang)(fang)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)早啟(qi)晚閉,設專人防守。在(zai)皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)和(he)(he)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)的(de)(de)(de)外郭城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)(nei)設有(you)(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)兩(liang)(liang)市(shi),隋代將(jiang)東(dong)(dong)(dong)市(shi)稱(cheng)都會市(shi),西(xi)(xi)市(shi)稱(cheng)利(li)人市(shi),兩(liang)(liang)市(shi)面積(ji)各(ge)占兩(liang)(liang)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)之地(di)(di)(di)。市(shi)內(nei)(nei)有(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)(liang)條(tiao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)大(da)(da)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie),構(gou)成"井"字(zi)形(xing)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)道(dao),市(shi)周(zhou)圍(wei)有(you)(you)(you)夯土圍(wei)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang),四(si)面各(ge)開二門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)。市(shi)內(nei)(nei)9個(ge)(ge)(ge)區(qu),每(mei)(mei)區(qu)四(si)面臨(lin)街(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)店鋪是(shi)長(chang)安(an)(an)手工業和(he)(he)商業的(de)(de)(de)集中(zhong)區(qu)域。
唐代外郭城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)西(xi)南角(jiao)(jiao)當時是否有(you)(you)類似明清(qing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)所(suo)筑的(de)角(jiao)(jiao)樓(lou)(lou)?發(fa)掘結果顯示(shi)這里沒(mei)有(you)(you)筑角(jiao)(jiao)樓(lou)(lou)的(de)跡象。考古隊何歲利分析說,如果有(you)(you)角(jiao)(jiao)樓(lou)(lou),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)角(jiao)(jiao)的(de)基(ji)(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)就應(ying)(ying)該寬于城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)基(ji)(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),應(ying)(ying)形成一處較大的(de)墩臺(tai)基(ji)(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),但發(fa)掘的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)角(jiao)(jiao)轉彎基(ji)(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寬度與(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)基(ji)(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)均為5.5米,應(ying)(ying)不(bu)存(cun)在(zai)構筑角(jiao)(jiao)樓(lou)(lou)的(de)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)。
是供皇帝、皇室居住(zhu)和(he)處理朝政(zheng)的地方,包括太極宮、東宮和(he)掖庭宮,南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)長(chang)(chang)1492.1米(mi),東西(xi)(xi)寬(kuan)2820.3米(mi),周長(chang)(chang)8.6公(gong)里,位于長(chang)(chang)安(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)(bei)部中央。在今西(xi)(xi)安(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內"西(xi)(xi)五臺"有(you)宮城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)(nan)墻(qiang)的遺跡,在自強(qiang)西(xi)(xi)路北(bei)(bei)側(ce)有(you)一(yi)段北(bei)(bei)墻(qiang)遺址。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)均為(wei)(wei)夯土版筑,基(ji)部一(yi)般寬(kuan)18米(mi)左右。宮城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)正南(nan)(nan)門(men)為(wei)(wei)承天(tian)門(men)(隋代稱廣陽(yang)門(men)),遺址在今蓮湖公(gong)園(yuan)內,東西(xi)(xi)殘(can)長(chang)(chang)41.7米(mi),南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)進深(shen)19米(mi),有(you)三個(ge)門(men)道,門(men)基(ji)鋪磚(zhuan)或石板。宮城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)(bei)面二門(men),"玄武門(men)之變"就發生在宮城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)(bei)面的玄武門(men)。
又名"子城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)",位(wei)(wei)于宮(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之南,北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)與宮(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)橫街相(xiang)隔。東西(xi)(xi)寬(kuan)2820.3米(mi)(mi),南北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)1843.6米(mi)(mi),周長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)9.2公里(li)。皇城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)央官署(shu)和(he)太廟、社稷。朱(zhu)(zhu)雀門(men)(men)是(shi)(shi)(shi)皇城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正門(men)(men),北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)與承天門(men)(men)遙相(xiang)對(dui)應,南接朱(zhu)(zhu)雀大(da)街,直達外郭城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正門(men)(men)明(ming)德門(men)(men),是(shi)(shi)(shi)全城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)軸線。含光門(men)(men)是(shi)(shi)(shi)朱(zhu)(zhu)雀門(men)(men)西(xi)(xi)側的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)門(men)(men),其遺址(zhi)(zhi)保存比較完整,平面呈長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)方(fang)形,東西(xi)(xi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)37.4米(mi)(mi),南北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)寬(kuan)?19.6?米(mi)(mi),門(men)(men)墩是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)純凈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃土版筑而(er)成(cheng),包砌磚(zhuan)壁,包磚(zhuan)厚0.35米(mi)(mi)。門(men)(men)道(dao)兩側 各有(you)(you)排列(lie)整齊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青石柱礎(chu),東西(xi)(xi)對(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng),呈正方(fang)形,72~78厘(li)米(mi)(mi)見方(fang),柱礎(chu)中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)有(you)(you)一(yi)直徑(jing)約10厘(li)米(mi)(mi)、深10厘(li)米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圓形榫眼,以(yi)立排柱,證明(ming)當年(nian)門(men)(men)樓是(shi)(shi)(shi)木(mu)結構的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。含光門(men)(men)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻斷面上遺址(zhi)(zhi)清晰地保存著唐(tang)代、宋代、元代及明(ming)清各代修(xiu)補的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)夯(hang)層,成(cheng)為(wei)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)安(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)皇城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)變化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)歷史見證。唐(tang)代在(zai)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)安(an)(an)還建(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)兩座(zuo)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宮(gong)殿(dian),大(da)明(ming)宮(gong)位(wei)(wei)于城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)東北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)龍首原上,因位(wei)(wei)于太極(ji)宮(gong)之東北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei),稱(cheng)(cheng)"東內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)",太極(ji)宮(gong)稱(cheng)(cheng)"西(xi)(xi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)"。唐(tang)玄宗時(shi)期在(zai)春明(ming)門(men)(men)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)建(jian)(jian)造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)興(xing)慶宮(gong)在(zai)太極(ji)宮(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)東南,故稱(cheng)(cheng)"南內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)"。長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)安(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有(you)(you)著完善的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)供水系統,除鑿井外,還有(you)(you)永安(an)(an)、清明(ming)、龍首三渠(qu)(qu)分別引(yin)(yin)進(jin)氵高(gao)水與氵產(chan)水,流經(jing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei),北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)入宮(gong)苑。后又修(xiu)漕渠(qu)(qu),引(yin)(yin)黃渠(qu)(qu)注(zhu)入曲江池(chi)。長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)安(an)(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑模式是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國古代都城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)典范,對(dui)日本和(he)亞(ya)洲其他國家(jia)及國內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)一(yi)些地方(fang)政權的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)都城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設(she)也(ye)產(chan)生了一(yi)定影響。唐(tang)末(mo)天寶元年(nian)(904),朱(zhu)(zhu)溫(wen)挾唐(tang)昭宗遷(qian)都洛陽,命長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)安(an)(an)居民(min)按籍(ji)遷(qian)居,毀長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)安(an)(an)宮(gong)署(shu)民(min)居,使隋(sui)唐(tang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)安(an)(an)300年(nian)帝都成(cheng)為(wei)廢墟(xu)。
發(fa)掘勘測的結果證明:唐(tang)代長(chang)(chang)安(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的周圍有(you)七十多里,比今(jin)天的西安(an)舊城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(即明清時(shi)代的西安(an)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址)大五倍(bei)以上。全城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分三部分,最(zui)外是(shi)外郭城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),中(zhong)間的北(bei)部是(shi)皇城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),皇城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)北(bei)端(duan)正中(zhong)是(shi)宮(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)— —皇帝居住的地方(fang)。在外郭城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣上有(you)十二個城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門。許(xu)多縱橫的街道把全城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)除宮(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和皇城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以外的所有(you)地區整齊地劃分為一百零八個長(chang)(chang)方(fang)形的坊里。
隋(sui)(sui)唐長安(an)城(cheng)(cheng)是中國(guo)古代(dai)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)規(gui)劃(hua)設計的(de)杰作,在中國(guo)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)規(gui)劃(hua)史乃至世界城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)規(gui)劃(hua)史上占有(you)十分重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)地位。隋(sui)(sui)唐長安(an)城(cheng)(cheng)規(gui)劃(hua)手法(fa)(fa)的(de)探討對于隋(sui)(sui)唐時期城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)設計理論與方法(fa)(fa)的(de)研究(jiu)、隋(sui)(sui)唐長安(an)城(cheng)(cheng)遺址(zhi)的(de)保護(hu)和當代(dai)西安(an)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)規(gui)劃(hua)都具有(you)十分重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)意義。