簡介
中(zhong)國(guo)工農紅軍(jun)長征在阿壩州停留(liu)一(yi)年零(ling)六個月,留(liu)下了具(ju)有歷(li)史(shi)意義的(de)(de)中(zhong)共中(zhong)央政(zheng)治局兩河口會議(yi)、蘆花會議(yi)、沙窩會議(yi)、毛爾蓋會議(yi)和巴西會議(yi)會址,土門戰役、包(bao)座戰役、綏崇丹懋戰役遺址等(deng)等(deng)以(yi)及存留(liu)的(de)(de)58篇(pian)有關決議(yi)、指令等(deng)歷(li)史(shi)文(wen)獻(xian),600余條標語,38首歌曲,72首歌謠,27篇(pian)故事和傳說,建立了少數民族(zu)早的(de)(de)革命(ming)(ming)政(zheng)權:格勒德沙共和國(guo)中(zhong)央革命(ming)(ming)政(zheng)府,以(yi)及座落在大九(jiu)寨(zhai)國(guo)際旅(lv)游(you)區(qu)內的(de)(de)紅軍(jun)長征紀念總(zong)碑(bei)。
歷史回顧
1935年(nian)(nian)6月(yue)中旬(xun),紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)一(yi)方面(mian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)從四川寶興縣進(jin)入(ru)阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou),橫穿(chuan)阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)出境,歷(li)時(shi)3個月(yue)。途中,翻越了(le)夾金山(shan)(shan)、夢筆(bi)山(shan)(shan)、埡口山(shan)(shan)、倉德山(shan)(shan)和打鼓(gu)山(shan)(shan)等5座雪(xue)山(shan)(shan);紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)二方面(mian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)從滇西(xi)進(jin)入(ru)甘(gan)孜地區(qu)之后(hou)(hou),沿途也翻越了(le)數(shu)座大(da)雪(xue)山(shan)(shan)后(hou)(hou)進(jin)入(ru)阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou),橫穿(chuan)阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)州(zhou)北部(bu)出境。具體過(guo)(guo)(guo)程是(shi):1935年(nian)(nian),紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)左路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)兵(bing)(bing)分兩路(lu)。一(yi)路(lu)從安(an)曲(qu)沿海子(zi)山(shan)(shan)梁子(zi)進(jin)抵阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba);一(yi)路(lu)經四寨(紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)原)進(jin)駐阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)。進(jin)駐阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)后(hou)(hou),總指揮(hui)部(bu)設在格(ge)爾登寺(si)內。張(zhang)國燾在阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)格(ge)爾登寺(si)大(da)殿(dian)內召開了(le)反(fan)黨的(de)(de)(de)“川康省委(wei)擴大(da)會(hui)(hui)議”,即“阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)會(hui)(hui)議”,作(zuo)出了(le)南(nan)下(xia)川康的(de)(de)(de)“阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)會(hui)(hui)議”。下(xia)旬(xun),左路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)先遣部(bu)隊經過(guo)(guo)(guo)麥(mai)(mai)爾瑪至紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)原白(bai)河(he),一(yi)部(bu)分已(yi)(yi)渡(du)過(guo)(guo)(guo)白(bai)河(he),張(zhang)國燾以白(bai)河(he)漲水(shui)為由(you),并強令已(yi)(yi)過(guo)(guo)(guo)河(he)的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)隊折返(fan)阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)。從阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)出發,按(an)原路(lu)返(fan)回,10上(shang)旬(xun)到達馬爾康卓木(mu)碉宣布成(cheng)立偽中央(yang),自封主席,與黨中央(yang)、毛主席分庭對抗(kang),繼續(xu)(xu)南(nan)下(xia)。1936年(nian)(nian)7月(yue),會(hui)(hui)合后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)二、四方面(mian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)從甘(gan)孜,行(xing)經色(se)達后(hou)(hou)分兵(bing)(bing)兩路(lu)第二次北上(shang)向阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(麥(mai)(mai)桑(sang))進(jin)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(第三次經過(guo)(guo)(guo)阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba))。1936年(nian)(nian)8月(yue)下(xia)旬(xun),經茸安(an)、查(cha)理、麥(mai)(mai)爾瑪,過(guo)(guo)(guo)賈洛箭步塘至紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)原縣安(an)曲(qu)過(guo)(guo)(guo)白(bai)河(he),繼續(xu)(xu)北上(shang)。紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)三過(guo)(guo)(guo)阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba),先后(hou)(hou)在這里擊潰了(le)麥(mai)(mai)桑(sang)士(shi)兵(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)阻擊,發生了(le)查(cha)理寺(si)戰斗(dou),賽(sai)格(ge)寺(si)戰斗(dou),召開了(le)“阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)會(hui)(hui)議”決(jue)(jue)定南(nan)下(xia)川康,成(cheng)立了(le)格(ge)勒德沙(sha)共(gong)和國,進(jin)行(xing)了(le)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)政策的(de)(de)(de)大(da)量宣傳(chuan)。在整個阿(a)(a)(a)(a)曲(qu)河(he)谷開展了(le)大(da)規(gui)模(mo)的(de)(de)(de)籌糧(liang)活動,為紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)北上(shang)完成(cheng)二萬五千里長征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)打下(xia)了(le)堅(jian)實的(de)(de)(de)基礎。紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)在阿(a)(a)(a)(a)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)三過(guo)(guo)(guo)雪(xue)山(shan)(shan)草地,打敗了(le)國民黨和地方武裝的(de)(de)(de)圍追(zhui)堵截,特別是(shi)為堅(jian)決(jue)(jue)抵制張(zhang)國燾南(nan)下(xia),完成(cheng)北上(shang)長征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)創舉,是(shi)研究紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長征(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)史珍(zhen)貴(gui)的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史資源。