芒果视频下载

網站(zhan)分類
登錄 |    
秀山古(gu)建筑群(qun)
0
票數:0 #人文景觀建筑#
秀山古建筑群,位于云南省通海縣城南秀山。秀山曾名青山,宋代大理國(938-1254年)時名為秀山。從山下毓秀坊上山,郁郁蔥蔥的山林中廟、塔、亭、橋等錯落有致,擁有古建筑二十多座。主建筑有五組,山下部為明代創建的三元宮。再上為大理時期始建的普光寺,元代紀念治水神僧畔富的石塔和廟堂。山腰大理時期創建的啟梓宮,明萬歷初改建為顥穹宮,今名玉皇閣。秀山,屬中亞熱帶半濕潤高原涼冬季風氣候,雨熱同季,四季如春。交通極其便利。
  • 別名: 云南通海秀山(shan)古建筑群
  • 門票參考: 10元
  • 所在地/隸屬: 云(yun)南省玉溪市通海縣城南隅
  • 開放時間: 08:30~17:30
  • 適宜季節: 全(quan)年
  • 建議游玩時間: 1小時
  • 文物保護單位: 國家級第(di)六(liu)批(元至民國)
介(jie)紹攻(gong)略

地理位置

秀山(shan),位(wei)于(yu)云南玉溪(xi)通海縣城南隅,峰(feng)頂海拔2060米(mi)(mi),垂直高度近200米(mi)(mi),轄區面(mian)(mian)積7.6平(ping)方(fang)公里,游(you)覽(lan)面(mian)(mian)積155萬(wan)平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi),建筑面(mian)(mian)積5萬(wan)余平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。 氣候、交通條件。

秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),屬(shu)中亞(ya)熱帶半(ban)濕(shi)潤(run)高(gao)原涼(liang)冬季風(feng)氣候,雨(yu)熱同季,四季如春(chun)。交通(tong)(tong)(tong)極其便(bian)利(li),東(dong)漢(公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)25—56年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)),通(tong)(tong)(tong)海(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)人行道路(lu)西(xi)可達于(yu)玉溪、晉城(cheng)、昆(kun)明方向,東(dong)可抵(di)于(yu)建(jian)水(shui)等(deng)地(di),自(zi)古(gu)(gu)就(jiu)是交通(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)樞(shu)紐。現在(zai)(zai),4車道的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)等(deng)級公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)橫貫(guan)通(tong)(tong)(tong)海(hai)(hai),西(xi)接(jie)玉元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)高(gao)速公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)、東(dong)連(lian)(lian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)建(jian)(通(tong)(tong)(tong)海(hai)(hai)至建(jian)水(shui))高(gao)速公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu),由縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)至秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)景區(qu)也可乘坐大(da)型旅(lv)游客車,行2公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里就(jiu)可到(dao)達。歷史沿革 秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),始于(yu)西(xi)漢元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)鼎(ding)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)前116年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))時(shi)名(ming)(ming)青(qing)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),唐謂秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),宋名(ming)(ming)普光(guang)(guang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、明稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)玉隱山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),清(qing)代(dai)又(you)恢復了秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之名(ming)(ming),民國(guo)二十六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1937年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))始名(ming)(ming)秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)。漢元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)鼎(ding)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),漢武帝封莊蹺的(de)(de)(de)后裔毋波(bo)為(wei)(wei)田勾町王,始在(zai)(zai)秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)辟園(yuan)林(lin),建(jian)古(gu)(gu)剎。歷唐、宋、元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、明、清(qing)五個朝代(dai),今(jin)尚(shang)存田勾町王廟、三(san)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)宮、普光(guang)(guang)寺(si)、玉皇閣(ge)、清(qing)涼(liang)臺(tai)、涌(yong)金寺(si)、白龍寺(si)七大(da)古(gu)(gu)建(jian)筑群體。 秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),自(zi)西(xi)漢元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)鼎(ding)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)始1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)新中國(guo)成立已經歷了兩千余(yu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)滄(cang)桑,歷史悠久,多元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)文(wen)化積淀豐厚。據《大(da)明一統志(zhi)》載,秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)是云南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)四大(da)名(ming)(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之一,與(yu)昆(kun)明金馬(ma)(ma)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、碧雞山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、大(da)理(li)點蒼山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)齊名(ming)(ming)。明代(dai)地(di)理(li)學家(jia)(jia)徐霞客游秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)時(shi)留下了贊美(mei)秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)詩(shi)名(ming)(ming),清(qing)康熙時(shi),云南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)按察(cha)使許(xu)弘勛(xun)在(zai)(zai)《通(tong)(tong)(tong)海(hai)(hai)邑去序》中稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)譽秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)“秀(xiu)甲南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)滇”。建(jian)國(guo)后1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)至1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)為(wei)(wei)滇南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)的(de)(de)(de)游覽勝(sheng)地(di),由通(tong)(tong)(tong)海(hai)(hai)縣(xian)(xian)秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鎮代(dai)管(guan),1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月至今(jin)隸屬(shu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)海(hai)(hai)縣(xian)(xian)人民政府文(wen)化旅(lv)游局下屬(shu)的(de)(de)(de)一個單位(wei)。登秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),近觀翠林(lin)芳草,聆(ling)聽清(qing)泉幽韻(yun),遠眺南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)北湖峙對,萬(wan)(wan)壑(he)千峰笏(hu)立,云山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)霞嵐(lan)繞,真乃仙韻(yun)無窮。秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)寺(si)院構建(jian)有(you)致,古(gu)(gu)色古(gu)(gu)香(xiang)。不(bu)但有(you)道家(jia)(jia)(三(san)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)宮、顥穹宮)、佛家(jia)(jia)(清(qing)涼(liang)臺(tai)、涌(yong)金寺(si)等(deng))、儒家(jia)(jia)(海(hai)(hai)月樓、酌花樓等(deng))的(de)(de)(de)和諧融洽(qia),更有(you)各朝代(dai)風(feng)格獨異的(de)(de)(de)樓臺(tai)亭(ting)閣(ge)掩映其間(jian)。秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)古(gu)(gu)建(jian)筑群已列為(wei)(wei)云南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)重(zhong)(zhong)點文(wen)物保護單位(wei),國(guo)家(jia)(jia)AAA級旅(lv)游區(qu)。它在(zai)(zai)明朝時(shi)曾與(yu)昆(kun)明金馬(ma)(ma)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、碧雞山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),大(da)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)蒼山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)共稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)云南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)四大(da)名(ming)(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),素(su)有(you)“秀(xiu)甲南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)滇”的(de)(de)(de)美(mei)譽。漢代(dai)在(zai)(zai)此辟山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)林(lin),建(jian)古(gu)(gu)剎,立亭(ting)園(yuan),元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、明、清(qing)進為(wei)(wei)佛教勝(sheng)地(di),民國(guo)時(shi)期(qi)置為(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)。經千百年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來的(de)(de)(de)擴建(jian)修繕,逐步成為(wei)(wei)名(ming)(ming)聞遐邇的(de)(de)(de)游覽勝(sheng)地(di);1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月被列為(wei)(wei)云南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)第三(san)批省(sheng)(sheng)級重(zhong)(zhong)點文(wen)物 秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)位(wei)于(yu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)海(hai)(hai)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan),與(yu)城(cheng)相(xiang)連(lian)(lian)。出(chu)城(cheng)步行數百步即(ji)可登山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)中禪院森(sen)森(sen),曲徑通(tong)(tong)(tong)幽。秀(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong) 園(yuan)經歷代(dai)修建(jian),構成了三(san)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)宮、普光(guang)(guang)寺(si)、玉皇閣(ge)、清(qing)涼(liang)臺(tai)、萬(wan)(wan)壽宮、斗天閣(ge)、涌(yong)金寺(si)等(deng)古(gu)(gu)建(jian)筑群。

景點

普光寺(si)現存殿(dian)(dian)宇(yu)建于元代(dai),正殿(dian)(dian)屋架為斗(dou)拱式結(jie)構,呈(cheng)典型蒙古建筑形式。寺(si)內有(you)元代(dai) 為紀念(nian)神僧李畔富所建佛塔2座,古樸莊(zhuang)重。 東院內就山巖(yan)鑿有(you)洗缽池(chi)(chi),池(chi)(chi)上方巖(yan)縫中泉水 浸(jin)冒而出,滴(di)注于池(chi)(chi)中,叮(ding)咚不息。

清涼臺原名清涼寺(si),元時高(gao)僧鐵(tie)牛(niu)禪師所建(jian)(jian)(jian),經歷(li)代(dai)(dai)增修,具現在(zai)規模。由魯賢祠、桂(gui)香殿(dian)、海云樓、藥王殿(dian)、蓬萊閣、武侯(hou)祠等(deng)連成一個(ge)(ge)四(si)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)三通的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)整體(ti)。寺(si)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)地(di)勢高(gao)峻,四(si)圍(wei)綠樹掩(yan)(yan)映(ying),背山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)面(mian)湖,涼風不斷。的(de)(de)確是(shi)(shi)一個(ge)(ge)無暑(shu)的(de)(de)清涼世界。 涌金(jin)(jin)寺(si)俗稱大(da)頂寺(si),是(shi)(shi)秀山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)位置最(zui)高(gao)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu),因山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)勢如“地(di)涌金(jin)(jin)蓮(lian)”而得名。占地(di)面(mian)積(ji)6000多平方米。寺(si)分三進(jin),殿(dian)宇宏偉,寺(si)門(men)(men)雄踞于半圓形石階之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上,“涌金(jin)(jin)寺(si)”3個(ge)(ge)貼(tie)金(jin)(jin)大(da)字雄渾莊(zhuang)重。正中(zhong)為秀山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)古(gu)柏閣,此閣全部木(mu)(mu)結構,奇(qi)巧無比(bi)。大(da)雄寶(bao)殿(dian)塑三世佛像,慈 顏善目,體(ti)態勻稱。殿(dian)前“白馬”、“黃龍”、 “法海圓明(ming)”3座(zuo)坊立于東(dong)、西、北三方。大(da)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)中(zhong)翠柏蒼勁,茶花(hua)(hua)(hua)吐(tu)艷(yan),元杉噴香。宋柏、元 杉、明(ming)玉(yu)蘭被稱為“秀山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)三絕”。涌金(jin)(jin)寺(si)左(zuo)廂是(shi)(shi)一套(tao)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),門(men)(men)上有(you)一別致的(de)(de)小匾(bian),上書(shu)“這(zhe)里(li)(li)來(lai)(lai)”,進(jin)門(men)(men)更(geng)是(shi)(shi)清靜的(de)(de)一院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),東(dong)為曇花(hua)(hua)(hua)軒(xuan),西有(you)酌花(hua)(hua)(hua)樓,北面(mian)另(ling)為一小院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),可謂(wei)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)中(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。“這(zhe)里(li)(li)來(lai)(lai)”院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內有(you)明(ming)玉(yu)蘭、牡丹(dan)、芍藥等(deng)名花(hua)(hua)(hua)奇(qi)草(cao),進(jin)門(men)(men)就讓(rang)人(ren)感(gan)到滿(man)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)芬芳。” 白龍寺(si)坐落在(zai)秀山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)南(nan)面(mian)的(de)(de)茂(mao)林(lin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong),是(shi)(shi)后山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)唯一建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu),寺(si)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)古(gu)樸(pu)典雅,與周圍(wei)環境十分協調(diao)。近年來(lai)(lai)擴建(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)部分亭(ting)閣游廊(lang)及服務設 施,引水上山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),鑿(zao)池培植(zhi)荷花(hua)(hua)(hua)及各種(zhong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)卉草(cao)木(mu)(mu),成為秀山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)園又(you)一新的(de)(de)游覽點(dian)。秀山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)秀在(zai)于綠,茂(mao)密的(de)(de)林(lin)木(mu)(mu)把整座(zuo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)掩(yan)(yan)蓋得嚴嚴實(shi)實(shi)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)北麓翠竹萬(wan)桿,青翠欲滴;山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)西密林(lin)間灌木(mu)(mu)叢生(sheng),野花(hua)(hua)(hua)點(dian)點(dian);山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)面(mian)奇(qi)松(song)(song)參天,杉栗蔥翠;山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)南(nan)松(song)(song)林(lin)似(si)海,濤聲如吼。種(zhong)類繁多的(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)草(cao)樹木(mu)(mu),一年四(si)季爭(zheng)奇(qi)斗(dou)艷(yan),各寺(si)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)中(zhong)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)木(mu)(mu)扶疏,松(song)(song)柏森(sen)森(sen),綠杉撐天。 秀山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)不僅有(you)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)川(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)秀麗,更(geng)有(you)歷(li)代(dai)(dai)墨客騷人(ren)、 學者名宦(huan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吟詠,使秀山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)成了(le)“匾(bian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)聯海”和(he)碑(bei)林(lin)。至今保留在(zai)秀山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)匾(bian)聯碑(bei)刻(ke)有(you)200余副(塊(kuai)),這(zhe)些匾(bian)聯碑(bei)刻(ke),洋溢著詩(shi)情畫意,書(shu)法均屬上乘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo),使詩(shi)、書(shu)、畫、景和(he)精美的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)珠聯璧合。

歷史記載

查證(zheng)通海地方(fang)史志(zhi)和秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)山(shan)殘存的碑刻,可以(yi)(yi)發(fa)現,上(shang)世紀(ji)50年(nian)代(dai)之前(qian),秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)山(shan)某處寺院、樓閣毀于(yu)火(huo)災,或(huo)在小規(gui)模地方(fang)武裝沖突之中(zhong)遭到局(ju)部損毀之類的事(shi)件,我們可以(yi)(yi)找到一些零星的記載。但是(shi),1949年(nian)之后(hou)的20年(nian)時間里(li),諸(zhu)如(ru)“大戰鋼鐵銅”、“掃四舊”、“通海大地震(zhen)”等天(tian)災人(ren)禍(huo)對(dui)秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)山(shan)的滌(di)蕩,在相關史志(zhi)和碑刻中(zhong)卻(que)聞(wen)所(suo)未聞(wen)。發(fa)生在上(shang)世紀(ji)中(zhong)期(qi)的秀(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)山(shan)三次劫難已成(cheng)歷(li)史,對(dui)于(yu)這段(duan)歷(li)史,現代(dai)人(ren)是(shi)開始反思呢,還是(shi)頭(tou)腦一片空白?

第一(yi)劫:1958年(nian)——“大(da)戰(zhan)鋼鐵銅”——熔爐、繩索、錘鑿毀棄秀(xiu)山千年(nian)銅佛史。

張汝潤(run)曾經(jing)是(shi)秀山(shan)(shan)腳下通海(hai)一中的學(xue)(xue)生(sheng),后來(lai)又成了(le)(le)這個(ge)學(xue)(xue)校的老(lao)師。他(ta)(ta)回(hui)憶(yi)說,1958年,因(yin)為學(xue)(xue)校緊(jin)挨著秀山(shan)(shan),他(ta)(ta)曾聽老(lao)百姓傳言:秀山(shan)(shan)上的銅像都(dou)被人敲掉(diao)了(le)(le),在銅像內還取出了(le)(le)不少(shao)經(jing)書;山(shan)(shan)上涌金寺那口大(da)鐘(zhong),鐘(zhong)聲能(neng)越(yue)過杞(qi)麓湖(hu),江川雄關的百姓都(dou)能(neng)聽到(dao),也被人破(po)壞了(le)(le)。

1958年“大(da)戰鋼鐵銅”時,原(yuan)通海縣委宣(xuan)傳(chuan)部部長馬啟和在縣政府(fu)文教(jiao)科工(gong)作(zuo),他回憶說,“大(da)戰鋼鐵銅”時,縣委工(gong)業(ye)部的(de)(de)“工(gong)作(zuo)”對象是(shi)山上(shang)的(de)(de)大(da)小(xiao)銅像,在秀山,每個寺(si)院都(dou)有神(shen)像,每個寺(si)院的(de)(de)正神(shen)都(dou)是(shi)銅鑄的(de)(de),并且如(ru)涌(yong)金(jin)寺(si)的(de)(de)三大(da)佛像、玉(yu)(yu)皇(huang)(huang)閣的(de)(de)玉(yu)(yu)皇(huang)(huang)大(da)帝像都(dou)有幾(ji)噸重。

在(zai)得知工(gong)業部(bu)的(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)隊上(shang)山(shan)砸銅(tong)像(xiang)的(de)(de)消息后,馬(ma)啟和馬(ma)上(shang)向(xiang)當時的(de)(de)省文教廳反映了縣里的(de)(de)情況,很快收到了省里的(de)(de)傳真(zhen)文件:全省都(dou)出現了這種情況,要認(ren)真(zhen)保護。他拿著這個文件上(shang)秀(xiu)山(shan)時,工(gong)作(zuo)隊已經(jing)從涌金寺一路“工(gong)作(zuo)”下來,正在(zai)玉皇閣(ge)里砸玉皇大帝的(de)(de)銅(tong)像(xiang),銅(tong)像(xiang)太(tai)重(zhong),計劃分(fen)成三段處理。他向(xiang)工(gong)作(zuo)隊出示了省里的(de)(de)文件,可是人家(jia)不聽,還搬出當時最時髦、最革命的(de)(de)話(hua)“鋼(gang)鐵升(sheng)帳,誰也不能阻擋”做擋箭(jian)牌,把他的(de)(de)文件擋了回去。

張仕昌是(shi)秀(xiu)(xiu)山腳下(xia)原通海(hai)縣文(wen)化(hua)館職員(yuan),曾(ceng)經(jing)是(shi)秀(xiu)(xiu)山公園的管理者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)。他在(zai)親眼(yan)看到有人挎著(zhu)繩(sheng)索(suo)、扛著(zhu)鐵錘上(shang)(shang)秀(xiu)(xiu)山砸銅像(xiang)的情形(xing)后,偷(tou)偷(tou)地(di)向省文(wen)教廳打電話(hua),匯報了(le)情況,最終(zhong)也無濟(ji)于事。無奈之(zhi)(zhi)下(xia),他與同事闞(kan)華(hua)堂一(yi)起冒著(zhu)風險從山上(shang)(shang)撿(jian)了(le)一(yi)挑文(wen)物:一(yi)頭(tou)裝著(zhu)玉帝(di)的頭(tou)像(xiang),一(yi)頭(tou)挑著(zhu)從神像(xiang)中(zhong)掏出的上(shang)(shang)百卷經(jing)書和(he)五冊明代皇歷,悄悄下(xia)了(le)山。

據馬啟和、張仕昌(chang)兩人回憶,在這次劫難中(zhong),秀山上凡屬(shu)銅鐵文物(wu),無一(yi)幸免,就連縣文化館(即萬壽宮,秀山古建筑之一(yi))館藏(zang)文物(wu)大刀、小鋼炮也被工作隊“順手(shou)牽(qian)羊”地收(shou)走了。

1959年,趕上建國十年大(da)慶。秀山上無(wu)神佛可拜,群眾意見(jian)很大(da),因此,這年5月,張仕昌接(jie)到了(le)(le)一(yi)個任務(wu),“恢(hui)復”涌金寺(si)的佛像。他(ta)想了(le)(le)一(yi)個簡(jian)便的辦(ban)法,請了(le)(le)三(san)(san)輛馬車到今九街鎮劉(liu)合(he)營村的一(yi)座寺(si)院中“借”了(le)(le)三(san)(san)尊泥佛,安(an)裝(zhuang)在涌金寺(si)的大(da)雄寶(bao)殿內。他(ta)說(shuo),可笑(xiao)的是,泥佛一(yi)米(mi)(mi)六左右,可是之前(qian)銅佛高三(san)(san)米(mi)(mi)多,怎么看(kan)都不(bu)相襯(chen)。

張仕昌感嘆說(shuo),從信佛(fo)(fo)的大(da)理國(guo)開(kai)國(guo)國(guo)君段思(si)平在(zai)秀(xiu)山(shan)鑄銅像百余尊至1958年已有(you)近千(qian)年歷史(shi),1958年之后,秀(xiu)山(shan)不再有(you)銅像,也不會(hui)再有(you)莊嚴(yan)宏偉的三(san)大(da)銅佛(fo)(fo)。

第二劫:1966年——“掃(sao)四舊”——紅色(se)風暴(bao)席卷秀(xiu)山古建筑的(de)“靈魂(hun)”深處(chu)。

由于“掃四舊”運動聲(sheng)勢浩大,很多關注秀(xiu)山古建筑群命運的通(tong)海人(ren)已經預感(gan)到,秀(xiu)山即將成為革命的對象。果然,“掃四舊”運動在通(tong)海縣剛剛興起,紅衛(wei)兵就(jiu)成立了戰斗隊,“戰斗”目標就(jiu)是“封(feng)、資、修”的堡(bao)壘——秀(xiu)山。

張(zhang)仕昌(chang)說,紅衛(wei)兵要“掃蕩”秀(xiu)山(shan)的(de)(de)(de)消息(xi)是從戰(zhan)斗隊(dui)里(li)一個(ge)還有點良知的(de)(de)(de)領隊(dui)口(kou)中傳(chuan)出來(lai)的(de)(de)(de),那個(ge)領隊(dui)要他(ta)帶幾個(ge)人上秀(xiu)山(shan)把最珍貴(gui)、最有價值的(de)(de)(de)碑(bei)刻留(liu)下(xia)記(ji)(ji)號,以(yi)免遭到損壞。得知這個(ge)消息(xi)后(hou),他(ta)帶上當地有名的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)化人許秋山(shan)上山(shan),為(wei)30多塊最為(wei)珍貴(gui)的(de)(de)(de)碑(bei)刻留(liu)下(xia)了(le)記(ji)(ji)號,之(zhi)前,他(ta)和文(wen)化館的(de)(de)(de)同事(shi)已經為(wei)普光寺內元代《宣光智照蘭若碑(bei)》用(yong)土基墻圍了(le)起來(lai),最終,這塊碑(bei)記(ji)(ji)幸(xing)免于難,從而留(liu)下(xia)了(le)一份有關元代滇南(nan)經濟(ji)社會最有價值的(de)(de)(de)史料。

“掃四(si)舊(jiu)”運動開(kai)始,張(zhang)仕(shi)(shi)昌(chang)眼睜睜的看(kan)著戰斗隊大(da)隊人(ren)馬扛著撬桿、鋤頭、鐵鎬浩浩蕩(dang)蕩(dang)向秀山開(kai)拔,然(ran)后在秀山上(shang)砸匾聯,敲神像(泥塑的)、毀碑(bei)刻,上(shang)百(bai)人(ren)在秀山上(shang)大(da)干了一(yi)個(ge)周左右才下山。后來張(zhang)仕(shi)(shi)昌(chang)發現(xian),有一(yi)些已經留了記號(hao)的碑(bei)刻仍然(ran)不能幸免,并且碑(bei)上(shang)的每(mei)一(yi)個(ge)字都用(yong)鏨子(zi)鑿(zao)過,已經無(wu)法辨認原貌。

說起“掃四舊”對秀山(shan)的(de)破壞(huai),馬(ma)啟(qi)和說,秀山(shan)寺院里沒有(you)了(le)(le)神(shen)像(xiang),就像(xiang)一個家(jia)只有(you)空空的(de)房子,沒有(you)人住(zhu);沒有(you)了(le)(le)匾聯,一座(zuo)秀山(shan)就沒有(you)了(le)(le)靈(ling)魂(hun)。可惜的(de)是那(nei)些精美的(de)匾聯、神(shen)像(xiang)、碑(bei)刻都被損壞(huai)了(le)(le)。

第三劫(jie):1970年(nian)——“通(tong)海(hai)大地震”——部分古(gu)建筑難逃厄運,毀于一旦(dan);部分古(gu)建筑劫(jie)后奇(qi)跡般絲毫(hao)未損(sun)。

1970年1月(yue)5日1時0分37秒,一場里氏7.7級的(de)(de)特大地(di)(di)(di)震猝然襲(xi)擊滇中(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)區,震中(zhong)位于(yu)通海(hai)縣高大鄉五(wu)星村(cun)。大地(di)(di)(di)震在通海(hai)全境肆虐的(de)(de)同時,也(ye)給秀(xiu)山古建筑(zhu)群造(zao)成了巨大的(de)(de)災難。

張仕(shi)昌是在大地震發(fa)生(sheng)后的(de)(de)第五天(tian)上秀(xiu)(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)查看(kan)秀(xiu)(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)災情的(de)(de)。他說,損壞(huai)最(zui)為嚴重的(de)(de)是三元宮(gong),秀(xiu)(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)土(tu)主廟、普光(guang)寺(si)(si)的(de)(de)廂房,這些建筑大部分墻(qiang)體都已倒(dao)塌,只剩(sheng)幾根柱子和(he)椽子挑(tiao)著幾塊(kuai)瓦(wa)片。沿山(shan)(shan)(shan)路上山(shan)(shan)(shan),他看(kan)到,萬壽宮(gong)的(de)(de)過道門(men)發(fa)生(sheng)傾斜(xie),玉(yu)皇閣(ge)門(men)前的(de)(de)“玄真天(tian)上”坊已經倒(dao)塌,竺國寺(si)(si)、涌金(jin)寺(si)(si)的(de)(de)大殿已經開了天(tian)窗。而普光(guang)寺(si)(si)內的(de)(de)觀音殿、涌金(jin)寺(si)(si)內的(de)(de)秀(xiu)(xiu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)古柏(bo)閣(ge)兩(liang)處建筑卻(que)安(an)然(ran)無(wu)恙。

馬啟和說(shuo),針對(dui)觀(guan)音(yin)殿、古柏閣(ge)大震(zhen)不(bu)倒的(de)現象,北京建筑(zhu)專(zhuan)家專(zhuan)程(cheng)趕(gan)來(lai)對(dui)兩處建筑(zhu)進行了勘查,結果發現:觀(guan)音(yin)殿為元代(dai)建筑(zhu),墻(qiang)體是篾籬(li)笆墻(qiang),由竹片(pian)編(bian)成,再用草(cao)尖和上(shang)泥巴糊上(shang),因此具(ju)有較強的(de)抗震(zhen)性;古柏閣(ge)采用榫鉚(liu)結構(gou),不(bu)用一(yi)顆釘子(zi),梁(liang)柱(zhu)之間、梁(liang)與(yu)梁(liang)之間等多個部位都由多級斗(dou)拱支(zhi)撐,顯示了通海古代(dai)工匠的(de)精湛技(ji)藝。1979年,秀(xiu)山部分(fen)古建筑(zhu)的(de)圖片(pian)還入(ru)選(xuan)中國(guo)科(ke)(ke)學(xue)院自然科(ke)(ke)學(xue)史(shi)研究所編(bian)撰的(de)《中國(guo)建筑(zhu)技(ji)術史(shi)》一(yi)書。

張仕昌說,秀(xiu)山古建筑(zhu)群的恢復工作是從1979年(nian)開始的,通海幾個(ge)建筑(zhu)隊不間斷地在秀(xiu)山施(shi)工,上(shang)世(shi)紀90年(nian)代(dai)末才全(quan)部撤(che)走(zou)。

秀山(shan)的(de)(de)(de)三次劫(jie)難是在解放后20年的(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)里發生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de),巧合的(de)(de)(de)是,恢復工作也用(yong)了(le)近20年的(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)。同等的(de)(de)(de)時間(jian),現代(dai)人能否把秀山(shan)古建筑群修(xiu)舊如舊?是否部分恢復了(le)原貌?這些(xie)問題只有留(liu)給后人評說了(le)。

保護秀山

秀(xiu)山(shan)古(gu)建筑(zhu)群的種種劫難是(shi)(shi)通海(hai)歷史(shi)文化(hua)(hua)的不(bu)幸,但(dan)種種劫難過(guo)程中又始(shi)終(zhong)交織著通海(hai)傳(chuan)統文化(hua)(hua)人(ren)對(dui)秀(xiu)山(shan)的憐惜與關愛。通海(hai)民間有一(yi)批(pi)文化(hua)(hua)人(ren),他們文憑不(bu)高,或沒有文憑,但(dan)對(dui)傳(chuan)統文化(hua)(hua)研究得很深,特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)對(dui)秀(xiu)山(shan)的歷史(shi)文化(hua)(hua)。以下做一(yi)個簡單的介紹:

許秋山——年輕時(shi)就上秀(xiu)山拓印了許多碑、聯、匾內容,秀(xiu)山恢復重建時(shi),他把(ba)所存(cun)的(de)匾聯資料全(quan)部貢(gong)獻(xian)了出來。

闞(kan)三——一個傳說(shuo)(shuo)中(zhong)的(de)人物(wu),秀山(shan)(shan)的(de)守山(shan)(shan)人,一個“文盲”卻為保存秀山(shan)(shan)的(de)歷(li)史文化立下了汗馬功勞。據說(shuo)(shuo),現在(zai)還懸掛在(zai)秀山(shan)(shan)公(gong)園的(de)古(gu)匾(bian)古(gu)聯都是他在(zai)“掃四(si)舊”中(zhong)冒(mao)著極大的(de)風險收藏起來的(de),包括朱熹的(de)“松竹陋(lou)春”匾(bian)。而(er)據一些知情人考證,傳說(shuo)(shuo)中(zhong)的(de)闞(kan)三就是原縣文化館職員闞(kan)華堂。

姚(yao)光恒——家中收(shou)藏有乾隆年(nian)間的(de)《秀山(shan)匾聯備忘(wang)錄》手抄本(ben),是記(ji)錄秀山(shan)匾聯最(zui)早的(de)一本(ben)書(shu)。1982年(nian),老人把這本(ben)書(shu)貢(gong)獻出(chu)來(lai)。后來(lai),秀山(shan)恢復一些珍貴(gui)對聯,都是根據這本(ben)書(shu)的(de)記(ji)載。

張仕昌——“文革”中(zhong),他冒著風(feng)險用“興無滅(mie)資”的標語牌遮(zhe)蓋(gai)了“秀甲(jia)南滇”匾(bian),用一幅名為《大(da)批判(pan)》的木刻畫(hua)遮(zhe)住(zhu)了“毓秀坊”匾(bian),從而保住(zhu)了這兩塊匾(bian)額。

本百(bai)科詞(ci)條(tiao)由網(wang)站注冊用戶【 亭(ting)亭(ting)玉立(li)的我 】編輯上傳提供,詞(ci)條(tiao)屬(shu)(shu)于開放詞(ci)條(tiao),當(dang)前頁面所(suo)展(zhan)示的(de)(de)詞(ci)條(tiao)介紹涉及宣傳內(nei)容屬(shu)(shu)于注冊用戶(hu)個人編輯行為,與【秀(xiu)山古建(jian)筑群】的(de)(de)所(suo)屬(shu)(shu)企業/所(suo)有人/主體無關,網站(zhan)(zhan)不完全保證內(nei)容信息的(de)(de)準確性、真實(shi)(shi)性,也不代(dai)表本站(zhan)(zhan)立場(chang),各項數據信息存在(zai)(zai)更(geng)新不及時的(de)(de)情況,僅供參考,請以官方發布(bu)為準。如果頁面內(nei)容與實(shi)(shi)際情況不符,可點(dian)擊“反饋”在(zai)(zai)線向網站(zhan)(zhan)提出修(xiu)改,網站(zhan)(zhan)將核(he)實(shi)(shi)后進行更(geng)正。 反饋
發表評論
您還未登錄,依《網絡安全法》相關要求,請您登錄賬戶后再提交發布信息。點擊登錄>>如您還未注冊,可,感謝您的理解及支持!
最新評論
暫無評論
網站提醒和聲明
本(ben)站(zhan)為注(zhu)冊用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)提(ti)供信(xin)息(xi)存(cun)儲空間服務(wu),非“MAIGOO編輯(ji)上傳(chuan)(chuan)提(ti)供”的文章/文字均是注(zhu)冊用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)自主發布上傳(chuan)(chuan),不代表本(ben)站(zhan)觀點,版權歸原(yuan)作者(zhe)所有,如有侵(qin)權、虛假信(xin)息(xi)、錯誤信(xin)息(xi)或任何問題,請及時聯(lian)系我(wo)們,我(wo)們將在第(di)一時間刪除或更正。 申請刪除>> 糾錯>> 投訴侵權>> 網(wang)頁(ye)上相關信息的(de)知(zhi)識產權(quan)歸網(wang)站方(fang)所有(包括但不限(xian)于文字(zi)、圖片、圖表、著作(zuo)權(quan)、商(shang)(shang)標權(quan)、為用戶提(ti)供的(de)商(shang)(shang)業信息等),非經(jing)許可不得抄襲或使用。
提交說明: 查看提交幫助>> 注冊登錄>>
頁面相關分類
熱門模塊
已有4083135個品牌入駐 更新521333個招商信息 已發布1609515個代理需求 已有1393316條品牌點贊