歷史沿革
殿(dian)(dian)(dian)間(jian)(jian)有(you)長生池,殿(dian)(dian)(dian)后有(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)澗井。山(shan)(shan)門(men)和(he)觀(guan)(guan)音(yin)堂前(qian)有(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)獅(shi)拱門(men)。大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)于(yu)元延祐四(si)(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1317年(nian)(nian)(nian))重(zhong)建(jian),為(wei)江(jiang)南(nan)已發現的(de)(de)(de)元代建(jian)筑(zhu)中最(zui)為(wei)久遠的(de)(de)(de)珍品,殿(dian)(dian)(dian)方形(xing),分(fen)五間(jian)(jian),重(zhong)檐(yan)歇(xie)山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)中間(jian)(jian)大兩頭小,側腳有(you)防震(zhen)(zhen)功(gong)能(neng),能(neng)抵御小型地震(zhen)(zhen)和(he)臺風。柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)礎(chu),一為(wei)雕飾(shi)寶(bao)相花的(de)(de)(de)覆盆(pen)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)礎(chu),上(shang)加石(shi)(shi)(shi)礩;一為(wei)礩形(xing)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)矗(chu)前(qian)檐(yan)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)與金柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)用乳栿蜀柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),下端雕刻(ke)似鷹嘴。平(ping)梁(liang)(liang)與金柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)加弓形(xing)月(yue)梁(liang)(liang),起(qi)搭(da)牽作用,此法(fa)開江(jiang)南(nan)弓形(xing)梁(liang)(liang)之(zhi)先聲。四(si)(si)周墻壁(bi)繪山(shan)(shan)水(shui)壁(bi)畫和(he)行草書(shu)(shu)作品,多(duo)為(wei)明代佳作。山(shan)(shan)門(men)、天王(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)觀(guan)(guan)音(yin)堂為(wei)清代建(jian)筑(zhu),裝飾(shi)富麗堂皇(huang)。東廂房為(wei)明代建(jian)筑(zhu)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)文(wen)物(wu)(wu)有(you)宋寶(bao)祐二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1254年(nian)(nian)(nian))鑄造的(de)(de)(de)大鐵鐘(zhong)一口;后殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)有(you)元代石(shi)(shi)(shi)獅(shi)一對,殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)有(you)元泰定元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1324年(nian)(nian)(nian))劉演書(shu)(shu)寫(xie)的(de)(de)(de)《重(zhong)修(xiu)延福(fu)寺記(ji)(ji)》石(shi)(shi)(shi)碑、明天順七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1463年(nian)(nian)(nian))陶孟端書(shu)(shu)寫(xie)的(de)(de)(de)《延福(fu)寺重(zhong)修(xiu)記(ji)(ji)》石(shi)(shi)(shi)碑。現為(wei)全國重(zhong)點文(wen)物(wu)(wu)保護單位(wei)。
延福(fu)寺(si)(si)阿拉(la)(la)(la)善三大(da)寺(si)(si)院系統和八大(da)寺(si)(si)之一,始建(jian)(jian)于雍正九年(nian)(1731年(nian)),在“十六(liu)羅漢堂(tang)”的(de)基礎(chu)上加以擴建(jian)(jian)。時年(nian)清政府正式將(jiang)定遠營贈送給阿拉(la)(la)(la)善王霍(huo)如(ru)來之子阿寶,作(zuo)為“王府”之用,故此稱作(zuo)為“王府廟”,也稱之為“王爺(ye)廟”。歷任阿拉(la)(la)(la)善親王都(dou)對該寺(si)(si)的(de)建(jian)(jian)設發展付出(chu)了努力。坐落在武(wu)義縣桃溪鎮(zhen)福(fu)平山,延福(fu)寺(si)(si)建(jian)(jian)于五(wu)代后唐天(tian)(tian)成二年(nian)(927),原名福(fu)田(tian)寺(si)(si),南宋(song)紹熙年(nian)間(jian)(1190-1194)賜名延福(fu)寺(si)(si),是江南著名的(de)元代木構建(jian)(jian)筑。現(xian)存的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑群(qun),按中軸線排列為山門(men)、天(tian)(tian)王殿(dian)(dian)、大(da)殿(dian)(dian)、后殿(dian)(dian)和兩側(ce)廂(xiang)房。殿(dian)(dian)間(jian)有長(chang)生池,殿(dian)(dian)后有石(shi)(shi)澗井。山門(men)和觀音堂(tang)前有石(shi)(shi)獅拱門(men),兩側(ce)古(gu)柏(bo)參天(tian)(tian),蒼老遒勁,均為宋(song)元時期所留古(gu)木。
大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)于元(yuan)延(yan)(yan)祐四年(1317年)重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian),為(wei)(wei)江(jiang)南已發現的(de)元(yuan)代建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)中年代最(zui)為(wei)(wei)久遠的(de)珍品,殿(dian)(dian)(dian)方形(xing),分五間(jian),重(zhong)(zhong)檐歇山頂(ding)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)柱(zhu)為(wei)(wei)棱形(xing),側腳(jiao)有防(fang)震(zhen)功能。柱(zhu)礎(chu),一(yi)為(wei)(wei)雕(diao)飾(shi)寶相花的(de)覆盆柱(zhu)礎(chu),上加(jia)石礩(zhi);一(yi)為(wei)(wei)礩(zhi)形(xing)柱(zhu)矗(chu)前(qian)檐柱(zhu)與(yu)(yu)金柱(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)用乳栿(fa)蜀柱(zhu),下端雕(diao)刻似鷹(ying)嘴,為(wei)(wei)國內(nei)現存古建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)較早(zao)的(de)實(shi)例。平(ping)梁(liang)與(yu)(yu)金柱(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)加(jia)弓形(xing)月梁(liang),起搭牽作(zuo)(zuo)用,此法開(kai)江(jiang)南弓形(xing)梁(liang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先聲。四周(zhou)墻壁(bi)繪(hui)山水壁(bi)畫和行(xing)草(cao)書作(zuo)(zuo)品,多為(wei)(wei)明(ming)代佳作(zuo)(zuo)。山門、天(tian)王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)和觀(guan)音堂為(wei)(wei)清代建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),裝飾(shi)富麗堂皇。東廂房為(wei)(wei)明(ming)代建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)。延(yan)(yan)福(fu)寺蜘(zhi)蛛(zhu)不(bu)(bu)結網(wang),鳥雀不(bu)(bu)筑(zhu)(zhu)巢,一(yi)塵不(bu)(bu)染,為(wei)(wei)世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奇觀(guan)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)文(wen)(wen)物有宋(song)寶祐二年(1254年)鑄造的(de)大(da)鐵鐘(zhong)一(yi)口(kou);后殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)有元(yuan)代石獅一(yi)對,殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)有元(yuan)泰定元(yuan)年(1324年)劉演書寫(xie)的(de)《重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)延(yan)(yan)福(fu)寺記》石碑、明(ming)天(tian)順七年(1463年)陶孟(meng)端書寫(xie)的(de)《延(yan)(yan)福(fu)寺重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)記》石碑。現為(wei)(wei)全國重(zhong)(zhong)點文(wen)(wen)物保護(hu)單位。
2014年(nian),省(sheng)委書(shu)記夏(xia)寶(bao)龍專程考察延(yan)(yan)(yan)福寺(si)(si),對修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)作出重要指示,要求把延(yan)(yan)(yan)福寺(si)(si)這一中國建(jian)筑瑰寶(bao)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)好、利用(yong)好。為(wei)貫徹落實(shi)夏(xia)寶(bao)龍書(shu)記的(de)(de)指示,金華、武義兩級黨委政府(fu)高(gao)度重視延(yan)(yan)(yan)福寺(si)(si)修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)工(gong)作,成(cheng)(cheng)立強有力的(de)(de)領導小(xiao)組(zu),于(yu)2014年(nian)12月29日正式啟動修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)工(gong)程。修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)工(gong)程主要包括:文(wen)(wen)保(bao)(bao)項(xiang)目的(de)(de)全面修(xiu)(xiu)繕;按照延(yan)(yan)(yan)福寺(si)(si)歷史原貌和(he)(he)形(xing)制(zhi)以及營(ying)造技(ji)藝復(fu)建(jian)延(yan)(yan)(yan)福塔、山門、鐘樓(lou)、鼓樓(lou)、天(tian)王殿(dian)、輪藏殿(dian)、圓通寶(bao)殿(dian)等建(jian)筑;新建(jian)服務中心、書(shu)畫院,恢復(fu)進香古道等;保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)移植(zhi)古樹名木,恢復(fu)風水林(lin)和(he)(he)山體綠化(hua)(hua),完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)周邊800余畝綠化(hua)(hua)項(xiang)目;完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)相關資料的(de)(de)整理。修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)后的(de)(de)延(yan)(yan)(yan)福寺(si)(si)作為(wei)靈隱寺(si)(si)的(de)(de)下院,將成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)與(yu)精神(shen)的(de)(de)有形(xing)展(zhan)示、現代和(he)(he)諧(xie)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)生(sheng)動載體。
2016年(nian)(nian)12月(yue)30日(ri)國(guo)家重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)文保(bao)單(dan)位(wei)延(yan)(yan)福(fu)寺修復工(gong)程竣工(gong)儀式(shi)在桃溪鎮延(yan)(yan)福(fu)寺舉行浙江省武義(yi)縣(xian)桃溪鎮陶村延(yan)(yan)福(fu)寺現(xian)存的(de)建筑群,按中(zhong)軸(zhou)線排列為(wei)(wei)山門、天(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)(dian)、大殿(dian)(dian)和觀音(yin)堂。兩側廂樓,殿(dian)(dian)間(jian)有(you)長(chang)生(sheng)池、觀間(jian)堂,后有(you)石澗井(jing)。大殿(dian)(dian)重(zhong)(zhong)建于元延(yan)(yan)祐四年(nian)(nian)(1317年(nian)(nian)),為(wei)(wei)江南已發現(xian)的(de)建筑年(nian)(nian)代最早,較完整(zheng)地保(bao)存元代建筑藝術風(feng)格的(de)寺廟。大殿(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)檐(yan)歇山頂木結構,斗拱交(jiao)錯,梁柱(zhu)之間(jian)不用釘(ding)、不用榫、全用斗頂拱托,牢固堅實,歷千年(nian)(nian)而不損分毫(hao)。殿(dian)(dian)方形,分五間(jian),重(zhong)(zhong)檐(yan)歇山頂。殿(dian)(dian)內柱(zhu)為(wei)(wei)棱形,側腳有(you)防震(zhen)功能。柱(zhu)礎,一(yi)為(wei)(wei)雕(diao)飾寶相花的(de)覆盆柱(zhu)礎,上加石礩;一(yi)為(wei)(wei)礩形柱(zhu)矗(chu)前檐(yan)柱(zhu)與金柱(zhu)之間(jian)用乳(ru)栿(fa)蜀(shu)柱(zhu),下端(duan)雕(diao)刻似鷹(ying)嘴。平(ping)梁與金柱(zhu)之間(jian)加弓(gong)形月(yue)梁,起搭牽(qian)作用,此(ci)法(fa)開江南弓(gong)形梁之先聲。四周墻壁(bi)繪(hui)山水(shui)壁(bi)畫和行草書作品,多為(wei)(wei)明代佳作。
江南著名的元(yuan)代木(mu)構建(jian)筑(zhu)。現存山門、天王(wang)殿、大(da)殿、觀(guan)音(yin)堂及廂房等建(jian)筑(zhu)。大(da)殿建(jian)于(yu)元(yuan)延祐四年(nian)(1317年(nian))。面闊三(san)間,平面方形(xing),單(dan)檐(yan)歇山頂,明代增建(jian)下(xia)檐(yan),形(xing)成五開間重檐(yan)的外(wai)觀(guan)。檐(yan)下(xia)斗栱(gong)為(wei)單(dan)抄雙下(xia)昂六鋪作(zuo)。寺內尚存宋(song)代銅(tong)鐘與元(yuan)、明碑刻。
延(yan)(yan)福寺(si)的(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)藝術(shu)特(te)色,引起國內(nei)外(wai)專(zhuan)家學(xue)者的(de)(de)重視。建(jian)國前,古(gu)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)家梁思成曾(ceng)來考察(cha),并在著文中多(duo)次記(ji)述延(yan)(yan)福寺(si)的(de)(de)結(jie)構特(te)色。建(jian)國后,上海同(tong)濟(ji)大學(xue)陳從周教(jiao)授三(san)(san)次前來考察(cha),1980年(nian),日本橫濱大學(xue)古(gu)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)專(zhuan)家關(guan)口欣也(ye)博(bo)士專(zhuan)程前來考察(cha)三(san)(san)天,并有專(zhuan)著介紹(shao)。1987年(nian),我國佛教(jiao)協會會長(chang)趙(zhao)樸初書寫了“延(yan)(yan)福寺(si)”匾額(e),使古(gu)寺(si)更(geng)為(wei)增色。
交通信息
從金(jin)華(hua)汽車南站坐大巴車到(dao)(dao)(dao)武義(yi)(yi)客(ke)運中心(xin),再(zai)乘301路或2路公交車到(dao)(dao)(dao)武義(yi)(yi)汽車西(xi)站,在(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)站坐武義(yi)(yi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)宣平的(de)車到(dao)(dao)(dao)陶村下。建議最好在(zai)(zai)(zai)上車后和車上的(de)售票(piao)員說到(dao)(dao)(dao)延福寺(si),讓售票(piao)員在(zai)(zai)(zai)到(dao)(dao)(dao)延福寺(si)山腳(jiao)時停車,這樣不(bu)用在(zai)(zai)(zai)陶村村口下車問路人,也不(bu)用走太遠(yuan)的(de)路。