1987年(nian)初,公(gong)安機關破(po)獲(huo)交樂鄉龍(long)樹腳漢(han)墓被盜案,文物(wu)管理(li)部門(men)對10號(hao)(hao)、14號(hao)(hao)等(deng)4座墓進行(xing)清理(li)發(fa)掘,發(fa)現此墓為夫婦葬墓,被-的(de)(de)為男室,女(nv)室完好,發(fa)掘出(chu)文物(wu)45種近百件(jian)。其中14號(hao)(hao)多室墓,是目前貴州所(suo)發(fa)掘的(de)(de)漢(han)墓中最大的(de)(de)一座。被有關人士稱(cheng)之為“全(quan)國(guo)少見,貴州僅有的(de)(de)漢(han)墓葬”。
貴州(zhou)省博物館對其中5座墓(mu)(mu)(mu)進行發掘,為(wei)磚(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)、石(shi)室(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)及磚(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)和石(shi)室(shi)(shi)同冢(zhong)三類。2號(hao)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)為(wei)磚(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)“大”字形室(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu),分(fen)甬道、正室(shi)(shi)、左耳(er)(er)室(shi)(shi)、右耳(er)(er)室(shi)(shi)。1、4號(hao)為(wei)磚(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)“凸”字形墓(mu)(mu)(mu)。3號(hao)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)為(wei)方(fang)框形石(shi)室(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu),5號(hao)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)為(wei)磚(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)與(yu)石(shi)室(shi)(shi)同冢(zhong)。被盜的5座墓(mu)(mu)(mu),發掘出土文物有:銅(tong)(tong)盤(pan)、銅(tong)(tong)碗、銅(tong)(tong)帶釣(diao)魚臺、環首銅(tong)(tong)刀(dao)、殘銅(tong)(tong)刀(dao)、銅(tong)(tong)雞及搖錢(qian)(qian)樹座等。另還有五銖錢(qian)(qian)、貨泉、添盤(pan)、銀器、琥珀(po)、獅飾(shi)、燒(shao)料耳(er)(er)當、小骨銅(tong)(tong)串珠(zhu)、玉牌(pai)等。墓(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)大約在東漢和帝(di)(89-105)前后,晚至桓帝(di)(147-167)、靈帝(di)(168-189)時期(qi)。
在(zai)10號墓(mu)(mu)出(chu)土(tu)“巨王千(qian)萬印”一枚,在(zai)第二批發掘的(de)墓(mu)(mu)中,在(zai)位于交樂(le)村西南(nan)約1公里(li)處,有直(zhi)徑(jing)約20米的(de)封(feng)土(tu)堆,墓(mu)(mu)室(shi)坐西向東,南(nan)北軸(zhou)線(xian)長12.8米,東西軸(zhou)線(xian)長8.75米,分南(nan)北兩(liang)個(ge)墓(mu)(mu)室(shi),每室(shi)由墓(mu)(mu)道、室(shi)、耳(er)室(shi)及兩(liang)個(ge)后(hou)室(shi)組成,并列對稱,除前室(shi)為(wei)穹隆頂(ding)外,余均為(wei)巷,磚室(shi)結(jie)構,地面以(yi)磚石(shi)鋪成人(ren)字形花紋,磚紋為(wei)棱(leng)形紋。墓(mu)(mu)穴(xue)發現盜洞,室(shi)內原陪葬器物基本盜空,在(zai)北室(shi)道內發現殘損(sun)銅(tong)車馬一具,前室(shi)出(chu)土(tu)青(qing)銅(tong)陶器若(ruo)干件,耳(er)室(shi)內發現“巴郡守丞(cheng)”鎏金銅(tong)印一枚。
此(ci)次(ci)發掘,歷(li)時一(yi)月,共清理東漢中(zhong)晚期(qi)墓(mu)12座(zuo)。時至今日,交樂漢墓(mu)群出土的(de)主要文(wen)物有(you):銅(tong)車馬、連枝燈、撫(fu)琴俑、巴郡守丞印、巨王千萬印、帶蓋(gai)刻花銅(tong)奩(lian)、銅(tong)俑、五銖錢(qian)紋銅(tong)碗、搖(yao)錢(qian)樹、刻花銅(tong)瓶、銅(tong)甑、陶灶、水池(chi)田(tian)園模型、陶搖(yao)錢(qian)樹座(zuo)等。
交樂漢(han)(han)墓(mu)0土的文物具有較高的研究(jiu)價值。2006年(nian)交樂墓(mu)群作為(wei)漢(han)(han)代的古墓(mu)葬(zang),被國務(wu)院列入第六批(pi)全國重點文物保護(hu)單(dan)位。