1987年初,公安機關(guan)破(po)獲交樂鄉龍樹(shu)腳漢(han)墓(mu)(mu)被(bei)(bei)盜案,文物管理部門對10號(hao)、14號(hao)等4座墓(mu)(mu)進(jin)行清理發掘(jue),發現(xian)此墓(mu)(mu)為夫婦葬(zang)墓(mu)(mu),被(bei)(bei)-的為男室,女室完好,發掘(jue)出文物45種近(jin)百件。其中(zhong)14號(hao)多室墓(mu)(mu),是目前貴州所(suo)發掘(jue)的漢(han)墓(mu)(mu)中(zhong)最大的一(yi)座。被(bei)(bei)有(you)關(guan)人士稱之為“全國少見(jian),貴州僅有(you)的漢(han)墓(mu)(mu)葬(zang)”。
貴州省博(bo)物館(guan)對(dui)其(qi)中5座(zuo)墓(mu)(mu)進行(xing)發掘,為(wei)(wei)磚(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)、石室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu)及(ji)磚(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)石室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同冢三類。2號墓(mu)(mu)為(wei)(wei)磚(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“大(da)”字形(xing)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu),分(fen)甬道、正室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、左(zuo)耳(er)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、右(you)耳(er)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。1、4號為(wei)(wei)磚(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“凸”字形(xing)墓(mu)(mu)。3號墓(mu)(mu)為(wei)(wei)方(fang)框(kuang)形(xing)石室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu)(mu),5號墓(mu)(mu)為(wei)(wei)磚(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與石室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同冢。被(bei)盜的5座(zuo)墓(mu)(mu),發掘出土文物有:銅(tong)(tong)盤、銅(tong)(tong)碗、銅(tong)(tong)帶釣魚臺、環首(shou)銅(tong)(tong)刀、殘銅(tong)(tong)刀、銅(tong)(tong)雞及(ji)搖錢(qian)樹座(zuo)等(deng)。另還有五銖錢(qian)、貨泉、添盤、銀(yin)器、琥珀、獅飾、燒料(liao)耳(er)當、小骨(gu)銅(tong)(tong)串珠、玉牌等(deng)。墓(mu)(mu)葬大(da)約(yue)在東漢和(he)帝(di)(89-105)前后,晚至桓帝(di)(147-167)、靈帝(di)(168-189)時期。
在(zai)10號墓(mu)出土“巨王千萬印”一(yi)(yi)枚,在(zai)第二批發(fa)掘的(de)墓(mu)中(zhong),在(zai)位(wei)于交樂村西南約1公里(li)處,有(you)直徑約20米的(de)封土堆,墓(mu)室(shi)(shi)坐西向東(dong),南北(bei)軸線長(chang)12.8米,東(dong)西軸線長(chang)8.75米,分南北(bei)兩(liang)個(ge)墓(mu)室(shi)(shi),每室(shi)(shi)由墓(mu)道、室(shi)(shi)、耳室(shi)(shi)及兩(liang)個(ge)后(hou)室(shi)(shi)組(zu)成(cheng),并(bing)列(lie)對稱(cheng),除(chu)前室(shi)(shi)為穹隆頂外,余均為巷,磚(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)結構,地面(mian)以(yi)磚(zhuan)石鋪成(cheng)人(ren)字形花(hua)紋(wen)(wen),磚(zhuan)紋(wen)(wen)為棱形紋(wen)(wen)。墓(mu)穴發(fa)現盜洞,室(shi)(shi)內原陪(pei)葬器(qi)(qi)物基本盜空,在(zai)北(bei)室(shi)(shi)道內發(fa)現殘(can)損(sun)銅(tong)車馬一(yi)(yi)具,前室(shi)(shi)出土青銅(tong)陶器(qi)(qi)若干件,耳室(shi)(shi)內發(fa)現“巴郡(jun)守丞”鎏金銅(tong)印一(yi)(yi)枚。
此次發掘,歷時一月,共清理東漢(han)中晚期墓12座(zuo)。時至(zhi)今(jin)日,交樂漢(han)墓群出土(tu)的主要(yao)文物(wu)有:銅(tong)(tong)車馬、連(lian)枝燈(deng)、撫琴(qin)俑、巴郡(jun)守丞印、巨(ju)王千萬印、帶蓋(gai)刻(ke)花銅(tong)(tong)奩(lian)、銅(tong)(tong)俑、五銖錢(qian)(qian)紋銅(tong)(tong)碗(wan)、搖錢(qian)(qian)樹、刻(ke)花銅(tong)(tong)瓶(ping)、銅(tong)(tong)甑、陶灶、水池田園模型、陶搖錢(qian)(qian)樹座(zuo)等(deng)。
交樂漢(han)墓(mu)0土的文物具有較高的研究價值(zhi)。2006年(nian)交樂墓(mu)群作為漢(han)代的古(gu)墓(mu)葬(zang),被(bei)國務(wu)院列入第六批全國重點文物保(bao)護單位。