1987年(nian)初,公(gong)安(an)機關破獲交樂鄉(xiang)龍(long)樹(shu)腳(jiao)漢(han)(han)墓(mu)被盜案,文物管理部門對10號、14號等4座墓(mu)進行清(qing)理發(fa)掘(jue),發(fa)現(xian)此(ci)墓(mu)為夫婦葬墓(mu),被-的為男室,女室完好,發(fa)掘(jue)出文物45種近百件(jian)。其中14號多(duo)室墓(mu),是(shi)目(mu)前貴州所發(fa)掘(jue)的漢(han)(han)墓(mu)中最大的一座。被有(you)關人士稱之(zhi)為“全國(guo)少見,貴州僅有(you)的漢(han)(han)墓(mu)葬”。
貴(gui)州省(sheng)博物館對其中5座(zuo)墓(mu)進行發掘,為(wei)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu)、石室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu)及(ji)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和石室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同冢三類(lei)。2號墓(mu)為(wei)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“大”字形(xing)(xing)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu),分(fen)甬道、正室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、左耳室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、右耳室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。1、4號為(wei)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“凸”字形(xing)(xing)墓(mu)。3號墓(mu)為(wei)方(fang)框形(xing)(xing)石室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)墓(mu),5號墓(mu)為(wei)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)石室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同冢。被(bei)盜的5座(zuo)墓(mu),發掘出土文物有:銅(tong)盤(pan)、銅(tong)碗(wan)、銅(tong)帶釣魚臺、環首銅(tong)刀、殘銅(tong)刀、銅(tong)雞及(ji)搖錢樹座(zuo)等(deng)。另還(huan)有五銖錢、貨泉(quan)、添盤(pan)、銀器、琥珀、獅(shi)飾(shi)、燒料耳當、小骨(gu)銅(tong)串珠(zhu)、玉(yu)牌等(deng)。墓(mu)葬大約在東漢和帝(89-105)前后,晚至桓帝(147-167)、靈帝(168-189)時期。
在10號墓(mu)出(chu)(chu)土“巨王(wang)千萬印(yin)”一(yi)(yi)枚(mei),在第二(er)批發(fa)掘的(de)墓(mu)中,在位于交樂村西(xi)南(nan)約(yue)1公里(li)處,有直(zhi)徑約(yue)20米的(de)封土堆,墓(mu)室(shi)(shi)坐西(xi)向東(dong),南(nan)北軸(zhou)線長(chang)12.8米,東(dong)西(xi)軸(zhou)線長(chang)8.75米,分南(nan)北兩個墓(mu)室(shi)(shi),每(mei)室(shi)(shi)由墓(mu)道、室(shi)(shi)、耳室(shi)(shi)及兩個后室(shi)(shi)組(zu)成,并列對稱(cheng),除(chu)前室(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)穹隆頂(ding)外,余(yu)均(jun)為(wei)(wei)巷,磚室(shi)(shi)結構,地面以磚石鋪成人字形花紋(wen),磚紋(wen)為(wei)(wei)棱形紋(wen)。墓(mu)穴(xue)發(fa)現(xian)盜(dao)洞(dong),室(shi)(shi)內(nei)原陪(pei)葬器物基本盜(dao)空(kong),在北室(shi)(shi)道內(nei)發(fa)現(xian)殘損銅車馬一(yi)(yi)具,前室(shi)(shi)出(chu)(chu)土青銅陶器若干(gan)件(jian),耳室(shi)(shi)內(nei)發(fa)現(xian)“巴(ba)郡守丞(cheng)”鎏金(jin)銅印(yin)一(yi)(yi)枚(mei)。
此(ci)次(ci)發(fa)掘,歷時一月,共清理東漢中晚期(qi)墓12座。時至(zhi)今日,交樂漢墓群出(chu)土的主要文(wen)物有:銅(tong)車馬(ma)、連枝燈、撫(fu)琴俑、巴(ba)郡守丞印、巨王(wang)千萬(wan)印、帶蓋刻花(hua)銅(tong)奩、銅(tong)俑、五銖錢(qian)(qian)紋銅(tong)碗、搖(yao)錢(qian)(qian)樹、刻花(hua)銅(tong)瓶、銅(tong)甑(zeng)、陶灶、水(shui)池(chi)田園模(mo)型(xing)、陶搖(yao)錢(qian)(qian)樹座等。
交(jiao)樂(le)漢墓0土(tu)的文(wen)物具有較高的研究價值。2006年交(jiao)樂(le)墓群(qun)作為漢代的古(gu)墓葬,被國務院列(lie)入第六批(pi)全(quan)國重點(dian)文(wen)物保(bao)護單位。