基本信息
石牌坊記載著(zhu)小鎮的悠悠往(wang)事(shi),更以其(qi)美觀的造型、精細的雕琢、巧妙(miao)的結構聲名遠揚(yang)。
魯屯牌(pai)(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)原有(you)(you)四(si)座(zuo),現(xian)(xian)存其三,均(jun)(jun)為(wei)四(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)三間(jian)(jian)五樓(lou)式(shi)(shi)結(jie)構。位于(yu)魯屯街中(zhong)(zhong)岔路口的(de)黃氏坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)為(wei)精(jing)(jing)致絕妙。此坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)建(jian)于(yu)清道光(guang)年(nian)間(jian)(jian),高(gao)、寬均(jun)(jun)為(wei)7米(mi),鉚榫結(jie)構,牢而(er)(er)堅(jian)固。坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)底為(wei)束(shu)腰須彌(mi)座(zuo),四(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)立(li)于(yu)須彌(mi)座(zuo)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。8根八棱方(fang)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),均(jun)(jun)用(yong)完整的(de)石料加工(gong)(gong)而(er)(er)成。四(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)各面均(jun)(jun)陰刻(ke)(ke)有(you)(you)楹(ying)聯(lian),文字對(dui)仗工(gong)(gong)整,書(shu)體楷(kai)隸兼有(you)(you),刻(ke)(ke)藝(yi)細致洗練,尤(you)以明間(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)楷(kai)書(shu)題(ti)聯(lian),堪(kan)稱(cheng)對(dui)聯(lian)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)佳作,上(shang)(shang)(shang)聯(lian)為(wei):"白馬山高(gao)尉為(wei)竹箭松心(xin)節錯根盤光(guang)日月(yue)";下(xia)聯(lian)為(wei):"青塘水凈濯出冰肌(ji)玉(yu)骨懷(huai)芳(fang)履潔被恩蒙"。落款為(wei):"原任(ren)廣(guang)西永安知(zhi)州誥授奉直上(shang)(shang)(shang)大(da)夫(fu)愚表叔王秉心(xin)拜題(ti)"。四(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)護耳(er)均(jun)(jun)系(xi)伏獅(shi)抱鼓式(shi)(shi),耳(er)高(gao)1.42米(mi),鼓厚0.22米(mi),鼓面徑0.65米(mi),分(fen)(fen)別浮雕(diao)(diao)(diao)荷花、鐘(zhong)鹿、松虎、鹿鶴等圖(tu)案18幅,構圖(tu)新穎(ying),想象(xiang)豐富,造型(xing)生(sheng)動栩栩如(ru)生(sheng)。獅(shi)子(zi)系(xi)伏臥(wo)狀,昂首(shou)翹(qiao)尾。護耳(er),蹬石,浮雕(diao)(diao)(diao)四(si)季花草,如(ru)見草動,如(ru)聞花香。正樓(lou)中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)匾長2.5米(mi),上(shang)(shang)(shang)楷(kai)書(shu)陰刻(ke)(ke):"志同(tong)冰質"字,每字30公分(fen)(fen)見方(fang)。刻(ke)(ke)藝(yi)精(jing)(jing)湛,鋒(feng)勁秀雅(ya)。次樓(lou)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)匾左(zuo)刻(ke)(ke)"金鸞(luan)芳(fang)美",右刻(ke)(ke)"彤管流芳(fang)",陰刻(ke)(ke)楷(kai)書(shu),工(gong)(gong)整建(jian)秀,刻(ke)(ke)藝(yi)嫻熟。明間(jian)(jian)橫梁上(shang)(shang)(shang)透(tou)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)二龍(long)戲珠(zhu),兩龍(long)似在翻(fan)卷(juan)的(de)彩云中(zhong)(zhong)騰(teng)躍穿梭(suo)。正樓(lou)平(ping)板坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)立(li)有(you)(you)兩根高(gao)拱(gong)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),當中(zhong)(zhong)豎匾刻(ke)(ke)"圣旨"2字,牌(pai)(pai)(pai)帶為(wei)半透(tou)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)雙龍(long)抱柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),牌(pai)(pai)(pai)首(shou)為(wei)半透(tou)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)"獸面人首(shou)"圖(tu),形似蝙(bian)蝠(fu)伏臥(wo),雙手撐蓮。構思(si)之巧(qiao)(qiao),使(shi)人拍案叫絕。次樓(lou)平(ping)板坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)亦立(li)有(you)(you)高(gao)拱(gong)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),此柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)與中(zhong)(zhong)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)間(jian)(jian),嵌有(you)(you)透(tou)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)"金蟾吐(tu)絲"形花窗。坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)頂翼(yi)角(jiao)起翹(qiao)、鴟(chi)吻含(han)寶,形似立(li)尾鰲魚含(han)珠(zhu),使(shi)整座(zuo)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)和諧統一(yi)(yi),雄渾敦(dun)厚。正脊中(zhong)(zhong)寶瓶上(shang)(shang)(shang)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)有(you)(you)壽字型(xing)花飾,說明此坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)系(xi)百歲坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)一(yi)(yi)類。整座(zuo)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)造型(xing)、結(jie)構、工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)、圖(tu)案之巧(qiao)(qiao),充分(fen)(fen)體現(xian)(xian)了勞動人民的(de)智(zhi)慧和才能,實為(wei)一(yi)(yi)件精(jing)(jing)美的(de)古(gu)建(jian)藝(yi)術珍(zhen)品。
兩座李氏(shi)坊,一前一后(hou),緊(jin)(jin)緊(jin)(jin)相鄰(lin),挺立在魯屯街口半月池側。規模、造型(xing)、格調與黃氏(shi)坊略同,唯題刻內容有(you)異(yi),前一座正(zheng)頂透雕"萬(wan)"字形圖案(an),后(hou)一座正(zheng)頂和黃氏(shi)坊雕飾相仿;二樓檐下的花窗,一是透雕"二龍舞云",一是透雕"丹風(feng)朝陽"。另花板紋樣(yang)及局部裝飾也稍(shao)有(you)差異(yi)。
建設年代
據民國(guo)《興義縣(xian)志》稿(gao)載(zai):"武生李(li)汝(ru)之母呂(lv)氏,善事舅姑(gu)(gu)。清(qing)嘉慶二年(nian)(nian)(nian)苗變,舉家攻苗不克,舅姑(gu)(gu)失所在。事靖還(huan)家,朝(chao)夕尋覓,痛不欲生。夜夢人(ren)告知(zhi)所在,時得(de)二親尸,舁以歸(gui)葬。道(dao)(dao)(dao)光十五(wu),請旌建坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)。呂(lv)氏守節70余年(nian)(nian)(nian),年(nian)(nian)(nian)百有二,子孫(sun)皆列繆癢。前(qian)興郡(jun)知(zhi)府仇效忠(zhong)為題坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)聯(lian)(lian),李(li)氏一坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)當屬"貞節坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)",李(li)氏另(ling)一坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)上有"壬午科舉人(ren)揀選知(zhi)縣(xian)世愚侄高發(fa)奎頓(dun)拜"的楹聯(lian)(lian)落款(kuan)。兩坊(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)分別建于(yu)清(qing)道(dao)(dao)(dao)光二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元1822年(nian)(nian)(nian))和(he)道(dao)(dao)(dao)光十五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元1835年(nian)(nian)(nian))。