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詳細介紹

水(shui)族(zu)古(gu)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)群(qun)是(shi)(shi)珍(zhen)貴(gui)的民(min)族(zu)文化(hua)遺產，是(shi)(shi)展(zhan)示水(shui)族(zu)豐(feng)富多(duo)彩(cai)的民(min)族(zu)文化(hua)的百(bai)科書，墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)分(fen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)下和地(di)(di)(di)(di)上兩部分(fen)，以(yi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)上部分(fen)最具民(min)族(zu)特色，從墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)制看，可將水(shui)族(zu)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)分(fen)為(wei)四類：1、地(di)(di)(di)(di)面建(jian)長(chang)條(tiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)仿桿(gan)欄式(shi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，一(yi)至三(san)層(ceng)(ceng)不(bu)等，以(yi)一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)者為(wei)多(duo)，瓦屋頂。部分(fen)石(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)頂端(duan)、側(ce)壁有雕刻圖(tu)案，內(nei)容有神獸、牛馬、人(ren)物、花草、戰(zhan)爭、民(min)族(zu)舞蹈、秘戲、銅鼓、陰陽(yang)等，有的墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)后面還(huan)刻有石(shi)(shi)(shi)立(li)(li)人(ren)；2、地(di)(di)(di)(di)面仍(reng)建(jian)長(chang)條(tiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)石(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)，但墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)前(qian)建(jian)有門(men)(men)樓式(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)碑，石(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)上的雕刻則(ze)(ze)基本(ben)不(bu)見，部分(fen)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)甚至不(bu)用石(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban)蓋頂，棺(guan)(guan)內(nei)填土；3、薄石(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban)疊砌(qi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)分(fen)布在水(shui)達和水(shui)甫(fu)兩地(di)(di)(di)(di)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)面用大(da)小不(bu)一(yi)的薄石(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban)砌(qi)成長(chang)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)墳堆，少數墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)后有石(shi)(shi)(shi)立(li)(li)人(ren)；4、墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)有圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)封土并用修整規則(ze)(ze)的條(tiao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)圍砌(qi)，墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)前(qian)建(jian)有門(men)(men)樓式(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)碑，墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)碑上刻墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)主(zhu)(zhu)姓(xing)名、生卒年等，少數墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)碑文還(huan)使用了水(shui)文、漢文兩種語言文字。有紀年的墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)清(qing)代道光咸豐(feng)年間，因而(er)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)以(yi)清(qing)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，少數墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)可早(zao)到(dao)明(ming)代，晚到(dao)民(min)國初年。

特點

水(shui)族墓(mu)(mu)葬(zang)墓(mu)(mu)葬(zang)形(xing)制奇(qi)特(te)，類(lei)型多樣，反(fan)映著豐富(fu)多彩的(de)民族習(xi)俗和(he)喪(sang)葬(zang)文化特(te)點(dian)，特(te)別是墓(mu)(mu)上的(de)雕刻圖案(an)從不同側面反(fan)映著水(shui)族與各民族和(he)平共(gong)處、相(xiang)互吸收的(de)歷史(shi)，不僅(jin)具有重大的(de)科(ke)研價(jia)值(zhi)，還具有較高的(de)工藝美(mei)術價(jia)值(zhi)。