簡介
蔚州靈巖寺(si),全國重點(dian)文物保護單位,明代寺(si)廟(miao)(miao)古(gu)建(jian)筑。位于(yu)河北(bei)省蔚縣,是蔚州古(gu)寺(si)名剎之一。寺(si)院(yuan)占地(di)面積6682平(ping)方米。現存(cun)寺(si)廟(miao)(miao)建(jian)筑殿宇有天王(wang)殿、大雄寶殿、東西配殿以及禪(chan)房(fang)僧舍數(shu)十間(jian)。
格局
靈巖(yan)寺(si)(si)位(wei)于蔚(yu)縣城鼓樓(lou)西街,座北朝南(nan),占地面積6682平(ping)方米。原(yuan)寺(si)(si)院(yuan)布(bu)局從南(nan)至(zhi)北依次為:牌樓(lou)、山門、天王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、大(da)雄(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、藏(zang)經閣分(fen)布(bu)在一條軸線上。東西為鐘、鼓樓(lou)、配殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、禪房(fang)等(deng)。現存(cun)建(jian)筑有天王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、大(da)雄(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。東、西配殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及禪房(fang)僧舍數十間(jian)。規模宏大(da)、氣勢不凡。
天王殿為(wei)單擔歇山布(bu)瓦頂(ding),面三進三,平面呈(cheng)方(fang)形,殿內(nei)無金(jin)柱,七(qi)檁六架,欄(lan)額與普柏枋(fang)呈(cheng)“丁”字形,斗(dou)栱(gong)(gong)為(wei)重(zhong)昂五踩(cai)斗(dou)栱(gong)(gong),轉角(jiao)為(wei)鴛鴦交首栱(gong)(gong),斗(dou)栱(gong)(gong)之(zhi)上未用(yong)螞蚱頭,皆用(yong)齊心斗(dou)。梁架上為(wei)“雅伍墨”彩繪,栱(gong)(gong)眼(yan)壁內(nei)皆繪水墨蟠龍。
大雄寶殿(dian)為(wei)單檐(yan)廡殿(dian)布瓦頂,面五進(jin)(jin)四(si),五架梁前后(hou)均(jun)出前步廊,檐(yan)下四(si)周(zhou)置(zhi)(zhi)五踩斗(dou)栱(gong)。殿(dian)內置(zhi)(zhi)精美天(tian)(tian)花和斗(dou)八、斗(dou)四(si)藻(zao)井。天(tian)(tian)花上(shang)彩繪(hui)“佛教八寶”、“飛(fei)鶴”、“花卉”圖案(an)。藻(zao)井三座,頂內繪(hui)彩龍。殿(dian)內栱(gong)眼壁內繪(hui)水墨蟠龍,形態各異(yi)、栩栩如生(sheng)。前檐(yan)下置(zhi)(zhi)五抹落地隔扇,為(wei)三交六碗菱(ling)花心。配殿(dian)位于(yu)天(tian)(tian)王殿(dian)和大雄寶殿(dian)之(zhi)間,單檐(yan)懸山(shan)布瓦頂,面三進(jin)(jin)三,五架梁。禪房(fang)十余間。
史料記載
據(ju)《大同府(fu)志》記載:“蔚(yu)(yu)州靈(ling)巖寺元(yuan)末毀,國朝正(zheng)統(tong)六(liu)年敕(chi)賜(si)重(zhong)建”。經(jing)有關專家研究,靈(ling)巖寺現存的(de)(de)天王殿(dian)為(wei)元(yuan)末、明(ming)初的(de)(de)建筑(zhu)。大雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)為(wei)廡殿(dian)頂、梁架結構、彩繪藻井具有明(ming)代典型的(de)(de)官式做法,應為(wei)大明(ming)正(zheng)統(tong)六(liu)年英宗皇帝敕(chi)賜(si)重(zhong)建之物。而且是大明(ming)正(zheng)統(tong)年間蔚(yu)(yu)州籍司禮監(jian)王振奏請英宗皇帝敕(chi)建的(de)(de)。真(zhen)可謂藻井華麗、彩繪精細、殿(dian)宇輝宏、氣勢雄(xiong)偉。不愧為(wei)蔚(yu)(yu)州名剎(cha)古寺之一。