青龍(long)(long)(long)宮原(yuan)名青龍(long)(long)(long)祠,又名龍(long)(long)(long)王廟,始建(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)明永樂年間,位于(yu)(yu)武陟縣城(cheng)西(xi)北(bei)1公(gong)(gong)里龍(long)(long)(long)源鎮萬花(hua)莊(zhuang)中部。清(qing)嘉慶十八(ba)年(1813年)奉旨(zhi)重(zhong)修,改建(jian)(jian)為青龍(long)(long)(long)宮。占地(di)50余(yu)畝,古(gu)建(jian)(jian)房屋百(bai)余(yu)間,主要(yao)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)有(you)龍(long)(long)(long)鳳亭、主門(men)廈(sha)古(gu)戲(xi)樓、東西(xi)門(men)、拜殿、東西(xi)官廳、玉(yu)皇閣、東西(xi)廂、誠(cheng)心(xin)橋(qiao)、后(hou)寢宮、龍(long)(long)(long)圣宮、后(hou)大(da)殿等(deng)。主要(yao)神(shen)像有(you)玉(yu)皇大(da)帝、王母(mu)娘(niang)娘(niang)、青龍(long)(long)(long)王、龍(long)(long)(long)母(mu)、東海(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)王、西(xi)海(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)王、南海(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)王、北(bei)海(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)王、風伯、雨師(shi)、雷公(gong)(gong)、電母(mu)、雪花(hua)公(gong)(gong)主、推(tui)云童子、關公(gong)(gong)、木鯨神(shen)等(deng)。
青(qing)龍(long)(long)宮(gong)歷經幾(ji)(ji)百年滄桑(sang),經道光(guang)、光(guang)緒年間幾(ji)(ji)次增修,成為具有(you)相當規模的(de)明清建(jian)筑群(qun)。它大的(de)特點是:房上(shang)(shang)、墻上(shang)(shang)、梁上(shang)(shang)、柱上(shang)(shang)、門上(shang)(shang)、窗(chuang)上(shang)(shang)到處是千姿百態龍(long)(long)的(de)形(xing)象。宮(gong)內古柏常青(qing),鮮花盛開(kai),小橋流水,五色(se)金魚(yu)在養生池內悠游自在歡快跳躍,環境幽雅,景色(se)宜人。青(qing)龍(long)(long)王龍(long)(long)母在人間所(suo)做的(de)善事(shi)和歸神界惠普中州沐甘露所(suo)辦的(de)奇事(shi)傳(chuan)說(shuo)比比皆是,歷史(shi)真(zhen)實記(ji)載的(de)龍(long)(long)文(wen)化會使你(ni)認為青(qing)龍(long)(long)王真(zhen)是“活龍(long)(long)王”。
焦作(zuo)市(shi)旅游(you)勝地青(qing)龍(long)峽(xia)與青(qing)龍(long)宮本為一家,有著一脈相(xiang)通的(de)(de)聯系。據廟(miao)內明朝(chao)嘉靖六(liu)年(nian)(1527年(nian))石(shi)碣“高氏家傳遺言記”記載:青(qing)龍(long)峽(xia)為明永樂年(nian)間萬花莊(zhuang)高白(bai)寧陪給龍(long)母的(de)(de)嫁妝地,“陪嫁莊(zhuang)”村(cun)由此(ci)而得名。青(qing)龍(long)峽(xia)中的(de)(de)青(qing)龍(long)洞是青(qing)龍(long)王龍(long)母夫婦歸(gui)天常居(ju)之處。因此(ci),想(xiang)游(you)青(qing)龍(long)峽(xia)先觀青(qing)龍(long)宮,這樣我(wo)們既看到了龍(long)文化的(de)(de)內涵,又感受到了大自(zi)然的(de)(de)美景(jing)。
武(wu)陟(zhi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮始源于一個神(shen)話傳說(shuo),清道光(guang)(guang)版(ban)的(de)(de)《武(wu)陟(zhi)縣(xian)志(zhi)》卷十(shi)(shi)(shi)九《古跡》篇記(ji)載(zai)(zai):“青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)王廟(青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮)在縣(xian)治東(dong)北路萬(wan)花莊。舊傳青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)神(shen)于明(ming)永樂時(shi)(shi),假身為貧(pin)少年(nian)(nian),傭力(li)于本莊高(gao)氏家,白晝刻木(mu)為‘鯨(jing)’,夜則灌園田,稼茂異(yi)常,高(gao)氏瞰其(qi)蹤跡,見(jian)云霧中有(you)一龍(long)(long)(long)在井上,尤是(shi)大奇,妻(qi)之(zhi)以(yi)女(nv),其(qi)后,忽見(jian)夢于高(gao)氏曰:‘吾以(yi)有(you)異(yi)汝,若逢(feng)旱時(shi)(shi),赴青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)洞求雨必應’。尺醒則神(shen)已化去,其(qi)妻(qi)亦逝。所遺即牒文(wen)木(mu)鯨(jing)也,自(zi)是(shi)有(you)禱(dao)必應,建祠(ci)(ci)記(ji)之(zhi)”。又(you)有(you)碑(bei)文(wen)記(ji)載(zai)(zai):“龍(long)(long)(long)王顯世于明(ming)初永樂年(nian)(nian)間(jian)。每逢(feng)亢旱祈雨輒應,以(yi)是(shi)創建廟宇”。增建青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮之(zhi)神(shen)記(ji)碑(bei)文(wen)載(zai)(zai):“青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮為嘉慶朝前政莊君鼎建”。道光(guang)(guang)二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(1845年(nian)(nian))碑(bei)文(wen)載(zai)(zai):“嘉慶年(nian)(nian)間(jian)邑侯聞其(qi)異(yi),因匾所舉曰‘青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮’”。玉(yu)皇閣上層中間(jian)脊檁(lin)下(xia)知(zhi)縣(xian)孫(sun)肅(su)元手(shou)書:“大清嘉慶十(shi)(shi)(shi)八年(nian)(nian)歲癸(gui)酉四月上浣(huan)吉知(zhi)武(wu)陟(zhi)事仁和孫(sun)肅(su)元率同闔紳耆(qi)士民創建,自(zi)立之(zhi)后永保風調雨順,平安大吉”。玉(yu)皇閣底(di)層檐下(xia)又(you)懸(xuan)“圣(sheng)旨(zhi)(zhi)”牌。所以(yi)說(shuo)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮的(de)(de)主體建筑(zhu)玉(yu)皇閣、戲(xi)樓、主門廈為清嘉慶十(shi)(shi)(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(1813年(nian)(nian))由(you)觀(guan)察使莊振請旨(zhi)(zhi),帶官銀(yin)支助,在原青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)祠(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)舊址上重建的(de)(de)。命知(zhi)縣(xian)孫(sun)肅(su)元親自(zi)率領(ling)族工,并親手(shou)書青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)祠(ci)(ci)更名青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮。據青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮新修后殿記(ji)碑(bei)文(wen)載(zai)(zai):“光(guang)(guang)緒三年(nian)(nian)大旱,大府遺員……奏請御(yu)賜匾額,由(you)是(shi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮之(zhi)名益顯”。光(guang)(guang)緒皇帝御(yu)筆之(zhi)寶(bao)“惠(hui)普中州”一式兩面(mian),一面(mian)懸(xuan)掛青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮,另一面(mian)懸(xuan)掛于太行山青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)峽的(de)(de)龍(long)(long)(long)神(shen)祠(ci)(ci)。慈禧(xi)太后御(yu)筆“靈濟(ji)東(dong)都”匾一面(mian)(現(xian)已遺失)。
光緒二(er)十二(er)年(nian)(nian)(1886年(nian)(nian))丙申八(ba)月,在(zai)任(ren)候補(bu)知(zhi)府武陟(zhi)縣(xian)知(zhi)事榮(rong)成孫叔謙寫楹聯云:“神(shen)靈變化作配詎在(zai)人(ren)間胡至今野嫗村翁竸傳異跡,云雨施行(xing)崇朝可(ke)遍天下原此(ci)后(hou)嵩封洛甸永庇宏庥”。同(tong)治六年(nian)(nian)(1867年(nian)(nian)),河北(bei)彰、衛、懷(huai)三(san)府兼(jian)管河務(wu)兵備道世襲云騎尉長白綸恩敬題(ti)并書(shu)金字楹聯:“自古著神(shen)靈幾百年(nian)(nian)御災捍(han)患,請天恤民二(er)十五(wu)縣(xian)崇德報功”。
1995年(nian)5月(yue)9日,武陟縣人(ren)民政(zheng)府公布為縣級(ji)(ji)重點(dian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)保(bao)護單(dan)位,2000年(nian)9月(yue)25日被河南省(sheng)政(zheng)府公布為省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)重點(dian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)保(bao)護單(dan)位。二月(yue)二廟會和祈雨舊規在2009年(nian)同時被河南省(sheng)政(zheng)府列(lie)為省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)非物(wu)質文(wen)(wen)(wen)化遺產保(bao)護項目。現在的(de)青龍宮(gong)在文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)管(guan)理(li)所(suo)所(suo)長(chang)毛文(wen)(wen)(wen)路的(de)帶領下,資料整理(li)、文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)修復(fu)等各項工作日臻完(wan)善,成了方(fang)圓百里亮麗的(de)人(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)景觀。
在河南武(wu)陟,有一塊神奇的(de)土地。在這(zhe)塊土地上,每(mei)年農歷二(er)月初二(er)開始車馬軸集,人頭攢動(dong),鑼鼓喧(xuan)天,龍飛鳳舞,香煙繚(liao)繞,聚各(ge)鄉各(ge)村(cun)民(min)間藝術(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)精英,匯山(shan)南海北(bei)之(zhi)(zhi)百貨,傳青(qing)龍民(min)女之(zhi)(zhi)神話,結(jie)倩男靚女之(zhi)(zhi)情緣……這(zhe)就是萬花莊青(qing)龍宮廟會。
青龍(long)宮(gong)二月二廟會歷史悠久。青龍(long)宮(gong)原名青龍(long)祠,又名龍(long)王廟,始建于(yu)明永樂年(nian)間,位于(yu)武陟(zhi)縣城(cheng)西北(bei)1公里龍(long)源鎮萬花莊中部。清嘉慶十八(ba)年(nian)(公元1813年(nian))奉旨改建為青龍(long)宮(gong),賜御匾“惠(hui)普中州”。
青龍宮源于(yu)一個動人(ren)的傳說:據清道光《武(wu)陟縣志》記載(zai),青龍神在明(ming)永樂(le)年(nian)間(jian)假身為(wei)貧(pin)少年(nian),受雇(gu)于(yu)萬(wan)花(hua)高(gao)家,夜(ye)間(jian)現身澆灌田畝,高(gao)家以女(nv)妻之。白(bai)青龍歸隱云(yun)臺山(shan)青龍峽,高(gao)女(nv)亦逝(shi),托(tuo)夢與親人(ren),凡遭遇旱災,前去求(qiu)雨,有求(qiu)必應。高(gao)家為(wei)龍王奶奶建冢(zhong),官府(fu)為(wei)龍王建龍王廟(miao),香(xiang)火旺盛。
二月初(chu)二是(shi)龍(long)抬頭的(de)日子(zi),也是(shi)廟中(zhong)神主白青龍(long)的(de)生日。四百(bai)多年來,中(zhong)州大(da)地的(de)老百(bai)姓(xing)為使(shi)一年四季風調雨順(shun),到龍(long)王廟祭祀。青龍(long)宮香火旺盛,各(ge)(ge)村各(ge)(ge)廟宇(yu)的(de)經擔、旱船、盤(pan)鼓、高蹺(qiao)、大(da)駕等民(min)間藝術百(bai)余路都來廟內演出(chu),八方商賈云集(ji),九州百(bai)貨暢流,官府出(chu)資請名團名角唱大(da)戲五天慶賀,十萬多觀光客(ke)爭睹勝景,熱鬧非凡。
青(qing)龍(long)宮(gong)白青(qing)龍(long)與民間女幸福結合的(de)神(shen)奇傳說,人(ren)民對風(feng)調雨(yu)順的(de)祈求,形成了青(qing)龍(long)宮(gong)廟(miao)會(hui)。二月二廟(miao)會(hui)規模大,以青(qing)龍(long)宮(gong)為(wei)中心,村(cun)內各條(tiao)大街,村(cun)外空(kong)地,熙熙攘攘,人(ren)山人(ren)海(hai),每年都超過十萬人(ren)次(ci);民間信仰與社會(hui)企盼息(xi)(xi)息(xi)(xi)相(xiang)關;文化(hua)活(huo)動與物資交流(liu)融為(wei)一(yi)體;官(guan)府(fu)重視(shi),慷慨出資;會(hui)期長,正會(hui)五天;祭(ji)祀和文化(hua)娛樂融為(wei)一(yi)體;活(huo)躍城鄉物資交流(liu),成為(wei)武陟第一(yi)、懷慶府(fu)的(de)大廟(miao)會(hui)。