青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)宮原名青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)祠,又名龍(long)(long)王(wang)廟,始建(jian)(jian)于明永樂(le)年間,位于武陟縣城西(xi)北1公里龍(long)(long)源鎮萬花莊中(zhong)部。清嘉(jia)慶(qing)十八年(1813年)奉旨重修(xiu),改建(jian)(jian)為青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)宮。占地50余(yu)畝,古(gu)(gu)建(jian)(jian)房屋百余(yu)間,主要建(jian)(jian)筑有龍(long)(long)鳳亭、主門廈古(gu)(gu)戲樓(lou)、東(dong)(dong)西(xi)門、拜殿(dian)、東(dong)(dong)西(xi)官廳、玉皇(huang)閣(ge)、東(dong)(dong)西(xi)廂、誠心橋、后(hou)寢(qin)宮、龍(long)(long)圣宮、后(hou)大殿(dian)等。主要神像有玉皇(huang)大帝、王(wang)母娘娘、青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)王(wang)、龍(long)(long)母、東(dong)(dong)海龍(long)(long)王(wang)、西(xi)海龍(long)(long)王(wang)、南海龍(long)(long)王(wang)、北海龍(long)(long)王(wang)、風伯(bo)、雨師、雷公、電母、雪花公主、推(tui)云童(tong)子(zi)、關公、木(mu)鯨神等。
青(qing)(qing)龍宮(gong)歷經(jing)幾百(bai)年滄桑,經(jing)道光(guang)、光(guang)緒年間(jian)幾次(ci)增(zeng)修,成為具有相當規模的(de)(de)明清建筑群。它大的(de)(de)特點是(shi):房(fang)上(shang)、墻上(shang)、梁上(shang)、柱上(shang)、門上(shang)、窗(chuang)上(shang)到處是(shi)千姿百(bai)態龍的(de)(de)形象。宮(gong)內古柏常(chang)青(qing)(qing),鮮花(hua)盛開,小橋流水,五(wu)色(se)金(jin)魚在(zai)養(yang)生池內悠(you)游自在(zai)歡快跳躍,環(huan)境幽雅,景色(se)宜(yi)人(ren)。青(qing)(qing)龍王龍母在(zai)人(ren)間(jian)所做的(de)(de)善事(shi)和(he)歸(gui)神界惠普中州沐甘(gan)露所辦的(de)(de)奇事(shi)傳說比比皆是(shi),歷史(shi)真實記載的(de)(de)龍文(wen)化會使你認為青(qing)(qing)龍王真是(shi)“活龍王”。
焦作市旅游勝(sheng)地(di)青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)峽(xia)與(yu)青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮本為一(yi)家,有著(zhu)一(yi)脈(mo)相通的(de)(de)聯系。據廟(miao)內明朝嘉靖六(liu)年(1527年)石碣“高氏(shi)家傳遺(yi)言記”記載:青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)峽(xia)為明永樂年間萬花莊高白(bai)寧陪給龍(long)(long)(long)母(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)嫁妝地(di),“陪嫁莊”村(cun)由此(ci)而得(de)名。青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)峽(xia)中的(de)(de)青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)洞是青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)王龍(long)(long)(long)母(mu)(mu)夫婦歸天(tian)常居(ju)之(zhi)處。因(yin)此(ci),想(xiang)游青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)峽(xia)先觀青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)宮,這樣我們既看到了龍(long)(long)(long)文化的(de)(de)內涵,又感(gan)受到了大自然(ran)的(de)(de)美(mei)景。
武(wu)陟青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)始源于(yu)一(yi)個神(shen)話傳說,清(qing)道光(guang)版(ban)的《武(wu)陟縣(xian)志》卷十(shi)九《古跡》篇記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai):“青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)王(wang)廟(miao)(青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)宮(gong))在縣(xian)治東北(bei)路萬花莊(zhuang)。舊(jiu)傳青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)神(shen)于(yu)明(ming)永(yong)樂時,假身(shen)為貧少年(nian)(nian),傭力于(yu)本莊(zhuang)高(gao)氏(shi)(shi)家(jia),白晝(zhou)刻(ke)木(mu)為‘鯨’,夜則(ze)灌園田,稼茂異常,高(gao)氏(shi)(shi)瞰其蹤(zong)跡,見云(yun)霧中有(you)一(yi)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)在井上(shang),尤是(shi)大(da)奇,妻(qi)(qi)之以(yi)女,其后(hou),忽(hu)見夢于(yu)高(gao)氏(shi)(shi)曰:‘吾以(yi)有(you)異汝,若(ruo)逢旱(han)(han)(han)時,赴青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)洞求(qiu)雨(yu)(yu)必應’。尺(chi)醒(xing)則(ze)神(shen)已化(hua)去(qu),其妻(qi)(qi)亦(yi)逝。所(suo)遺即(ji)牒(die)文(wen)木(mu)鯨也,自是(shi)有(you)禱(dao)必應,建(jian)(jian)祠記(ji)(ji)(ji)之”。又有(you)碑(bei)文(wen)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)(zai):“龍(long)(long)(long)(long)王(wang)顯(xian)世(shi)于(yu)明(ming)初永(yong)樂年(nian)(nian)間(jian)。每逢亢旱(han)(han)(han)祈雨(yu)(yu)輒應,以(yi)是(shi)創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)廟(miao)宇”。增建(jian)(jian)青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)之神(shen)記(ji)(ji)(ji)碑(bei)文(wen)載(zai)(zai):“青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)為嘉(jia)(jia)慶(qing)(qing)朝(chao)前政莊(zhuang)君(jun)鼎建(jian)(jian)”。道光(guang)二十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(1845年(nian)(nian))碑(bei)文(wen)載(zai)(zai):“嘉(jia)(jia)慶(qing)(qing)年(nian)(nian)間(jian)邑侯聞其異,因匾所(suo)舉曰‘青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)’”。玉(yu)(yu)皇閣上(shang)層中間(jian)脊檁下知(zhi)縣(xian)孫肅元(yuan)手書:“大(da)清(qing)嘉(jia)(jia)慶(qing)(qing)十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)歲(sui)癸酉四(si)月上(shang)浣吉(ji)知(zhi)武(wu)陟事仁和孫肅元(yuan)率同闔(he)紳耆士民創(chuang)建(jian)(jian),自立之后(hou)永(yong)保風調雨(yu)(yu)順,平安(an)大(da)吉(ji)”。玉(yu)(yu)皇閣底層檐(yan)下又懸“圣旨(zhi)”牌。所(suo)以(yi)說青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)的主體建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)玉(yu)(yu)皇閣、戲(xi)樓、主門廈為清(qing)嘉(jia)(jia)慶(qing)(qing)十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(1813年(nian)(nian))由觀察(cha)使莊(zhuang)振請(qing)旨(zhi),帶官銀(yin)支(zhi)助,在原(yuan)青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)祠的舊(jiu)址上(shang)重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)的。命知(zhi)縣(xian)孫肅元(yuan)親(qin)自率領族工,并親(qin)手書青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)祠更名青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)。據青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)新(xin)修后(hou)殿記(ji)(ji)(ji)碑(bei)文(wen)載(zai)(zai):“光(guang)緒三年(nian)(nian)大(da)旱(han)(han)(han),大(da)府遺員(yuan)……奏請(qing)御(yu)(yu)(yu)賜匾額,由是(shi)青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)宮(gong)之名益顯(xian)”。光(guang)緒皇帝御(yu)(yu)(yu)筆之寶“惠普中州”一(yi)式(shi)兩面(mian)(mian),一(yi)面(mian)(mian)懸掛(gua)青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)宮(gong),另一(yi)面(mian)(mian)懸掛(gua)于(yu)太行山青(qing)(qing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)峽的龍(long)(long)(long)(long)神(shen)祠。慈禧太后(hou)御(yu)(yu)(yu)筆“靈(ling)濟東都”匾一(yi)面(mian)(mian)(現已遺失)。
光緒二十二年(nian)(nian)(1886年(nian)(nian))丙(bing)申八月,在任候補知府武陟(zhi)縣知事榮(rong)成孫叔謙寫楹聯(lian)(lian)云(yun):“神靈變化作配詎在人間(jian)胡(hu)至今(jin)野嫗(yu)村翁竸(jing)傳異跡,云(yun)雨施行崇(chong)朝(chao)可遍天下(xia)原此(ci)后(hou)嵩封(feng)洛甸永(yong)庇宏庥”。同治六年(nian)(nian)(1867年(nian)(nian)),河(he)北(bei)彰、衛、懷三府兼管河(he)務兵(bing)備(bei)道世(shi)襲云(yun)騎尉長白綸恩(en)敬題并書(shu)金字楹聯(lian)(lian):“自(zi)古著神靈幾百(bai)年(nian)(nian)御災捍患,請天恤民(min)二十五縣崇(chong)德(de)報(bao)功(gong)”。
1995年5月(yue)9日,武(wu)陟縣(xian)人民(min)政府公布(bu)為縣(xian)級(ji)重點文物(wu)保護(hu)單(dan)位,2000年9月(yue)25日被(bei)河(he)南(nan)省(sheng)政府公布(bu)為省(sheng)級(ji)重點文物(wu)保護(hu)單(dan)位。二月(yue)二廟會(hui)和祈雨舊規在(zai)2009年同時被(bei)河(he)南(nan)省(sheng)政府列為省(sheng)級(ji)非物(wu)質(zhi)文化遺產保護(hu)項目。現在(zai)的青龍宮在(zai)文物(wu)管理(li)所所長毛(mao)文路的帶領下,資料整理(li)、文物(wu)修復等(deng)各項工作日臻完善,成了方圓百(bai)里亮麗(li)的人文景(jing)觀。
在河南(nan)武陟,有一(yi)塊(kuai)(kuai)神奇的(de)土(tu)地。在這(zhe)(zhe)塊(kuai)(kuai)土(tu)地上,每年農歷二月(yue)初二開(kai)始車馬軸(zhou)集,人頭攢動(dong),鑼鼓喧(xuan)天,龍飛鳳舞,香(xiang)煙繚繞(rao),聚各鄉(xiang)各村民間(jian)藝(yi)術之(zhi)精英,匯山南(nan)海(hai)北之(zhi)百(bai)貨,傳青(qing)龍民女之(zhi)神話,結倩男(nan)靚(jing)女之(zhi)情緣……這(zhe)(zhe)就是萬花莊青(qing)龍宮廟會。
青(qing)(qing)龍宮(gong)二(er)月二(er)廟(miao)會歷史悠(you)久(jiu)。青(qing)(qing)龍宮(gong)原名青(qing)(qing)龍祠,又(you)名龍王(wang)廟(miao),始建于明永樂年(nian)間,位于武陟縣城西(xi)北1公里龍源鎮萬花莊中(zhong)(zhong)部。清嘉(jia)慶十八(ba)年(nian)(公元1813年(nian))奉旨改(gai)建為青(qing)(qing)龍宮(gong),賜御匾“惠普中(zhong)(zhong)州”。
青龍(long)(long)宮源(yuan)于一個動人(ren)的傳(chuan)說:據(ju)清(qing)道光(guang)《武陟縣志》記載,青龍(long)(long)神在(zai)明永樂年間假(jia)身為(wei)貧少(shao)年,受雇于萬花高(gao)(gao)家,夜間現身澆(jiao)灌田畝,高(gao)(gao)家以女妻之(zhi)。白青龍(long)(long)歸隱云臺山(shan)青龍(long)(long)峽,高(gao)(gao)女亦逝,托夢與親人(ren),凡遭遇旱災,前(qian)去(qu)求雨(yu),有求必應。高(gao)(gao)家為(wei)龍(long)(long)王(wang)奶(nai)(nai)奶(nai)(nai)建(jian)冢,官府為(wei)龍(long)(long)王(wang)建(jian)龍(long)(long)王(wang)廟,香火旺盛。
二月初(chu)二是龍(long)抬(tai)頭(tou)的(de)日(ri)子,也是廟中神(shen)主白青龍(long)的(de)生(sheng)日(ri)。四(si)百多年來(lai),中州大地的(de)老百姓為使一年四(si)季風(feng)調雨(yu)順(shun),到(dao)龍(long)王廟祭祀(si)。青龍(long)宮香(xiang)火旺盛(sheng),各(ge)村(cun)各(ge)廟宇的(de)經擔、旱船(chuan)、盤鼓、高蹺、大駕(jia)等民間藝術百余路都來(lai)廟內演出(chu),八方(fang)商(shang)賈云集,九州百貨暢流,官府出(chu)資請名團名角唱(chang)大戲五天(tian)慶賀,十萬多觀光(guang)客爭睹勝景,熱鬧非(fei)凡。
青(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)宮白青(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)與(yu)民(min)間女幸(xing)福結合的(de)(de)神奇傳說(shuo),人(ren)(ren)民(min)對風調雨順的(de)(de)祈求,形成了青(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)宮廟會(hui)(hui)(hui)。二(er)月二(er)廟會(hui)(hui)(hui)規模大,以青(qing)(qing)(qing)龍(long)宮為(wei)中心,村內(nei)各條大街(jie),村外空地,熙熙攘攘,人(ren)(ren)山(shan)人(ren)(ren)海,每年都超過十萬人(ren)(ren)次(ci);民(min)間信仰與(yu)社(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)企盼(pan)息息相關(guan);文化活動(dong)與(yu)物(wu)資交流(liu)融為(wei)一(yi)體;官府(fu)重視,慷慨出資;會(hui)(hui)(hui)期長,正會(hui)(hui)(hui)五天;祭祀和文化娛樂融為(wei)一(yi)體;活躍城鄉物(wu)資交流(liu),成為(wei)武陟第(di)一(yi)、懷慶(qing)府(fu)的(de)(de)大廟會(hui)(hui)(hui)。