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遺址概況

府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)(wei)于河南省(sheng)焦作市西(xi)南郊10公(gong)(gong)里處(chu)(chu)(chu)的府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)村西(xi)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)的臺地上(shang)，東(dong)西(xi)走向長(chang)約(yue)280米(mi)，南北(bei)走向長(chang)約(yue)300米(mi)，面積近(jin)10萬平方(fang)米(mi)。是一(yi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)底蘊(yun)豐厚(hou)、內涵豐富、集多個歷(li)史(shi)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)的文(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 該遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的重(zhong)要部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)是早(zao)商(shang)文(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)(yi)存(cun)(cun)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)于遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)，目前已經(jing)發(fa)現的遺(yi)(yi)(yi)跡有城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、宮(gong)(gong)殿(dian)(dian)基(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、房基(ji)、灰坑等。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)平面成方(fang)形，周長(chang)約(yue)1200米(mi)，西(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻和北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻保存(cun)(cun)較好，長(chang)度約(yue)為300米(mi)，地面暴露的部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)高為2-3米(mi)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)層明顯。在城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)發(fa)現4處(chu)(chu)(chu)宮(gong)(gong)殿(dian)(dian)基(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)號宮(gong)(gong)殿(dian)(dian)基(ji)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)(wei)于城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)，平面為長(chang)方(fang)形，南北(bei)長(chang)70米(mi)，東(dong)西(xi)寬50米(mi)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)為南北(bei)兩(liang)個院落，由南殿(dian)(dian)、正殿(dian)(dian)、北(bei)殿(dian)(dian)與東(dong)回廊、西(xi)回廊構成一(yi)個封閉性的組群建筑，這種建筑結構在商(shang)代(dai)考古(gu)中(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)現。經(jing)考證，府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是一(yi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)商(shang)代(dai)早(zao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)軍事重(zhong)鎮。府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)商(shang)代(dai)早(zao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是河南繼鄭州商(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和偃師(shi)商(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)后又(you)一(yi)重(zhong)要發(fa)現，對研究夏商(shang)周斷代(dai)以及夏商(shang)周的政治(zhi)、經(jing)濟、軍事、文(wen)化等具有重(zhong)要價(jia)值(zhi)。1999年(nian)被《中(zhong)(zhong)國文(wen)物(wu)報(bao)》評為全國十大考古(gu)新發(fa)現之(zhi)一(yi)。2001年(nian)6月，府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被國務院公(gong)(gong)布(bu)為第五批(pi)全國重(zhong)點(dian)文(wen)物(wu)保護單位(wei)(wei)。

遺址保護

府(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)遺址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)工作(zuo)(zuo)應在(zai)如下幾個方面(mian)抓緊進(jin)(jin)行:(1)成立(li)由市(shi)(shi)政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)主(zhu)要領導(dao)牽頭,建(jian)設(she)(she)、規(gui)劃(hua)、文化(hua)(文物)、公(gong)安、土(tu)地(di)(di)、環保(bao)(bao)、工商(shang)、交通、水利(li)、旅游(you)、園林以及當(dang)地(di)(di)區(qu)、鄉政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)、所在(zai)村(cun)等(deng)(deng)(deng)部(bu)門主(zhu)要領導(dao)參加的府(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)遺址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)規(gui)劃(hua)、保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)利(li)用領導(dao)小組,協調解決府(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)遺址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管理中的重大問題(ti)。(2)設(she)(she)立(li)焦作(zuo)(zuo)府(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)遺址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文物保(bao)(bao)管所,具體負責城(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、管理、維修、綠化(hua)、宣傳(chuan)等(deng)(deng)(deng)項工作(zuo)(zuo),防止(zhi)新(xin)的破(po)壞事件發生。(3)按照省政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)1989年(nian)12月(yue)公(gong)布的府(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)遺址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)范(fan)圍(wei),立(li)即(ji)在(zai)城(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)、一般保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)重新(xin)樹(shu)立(li)標志牌(pai)和(he)(he)(he)埋設(she)(she)界樁。(4)責成遺址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所在(zai)地(di)(di)朱(zhu)村(cun)鄉政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)和(he)(he)(he)府(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)、啟心村(cun)委領導(dao)充實(shi)基層保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)組織,并(bing)采(cai)取有力措施(shi),嚴禁(jin)農(nong)民(min)在(zai)城(cheng)墻(qiang)上及兩側種田、開荒(huang)、取土(tu)、挖沙,嚴禁(jin)在(zai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)范(fan)圍(wei)內建(jian)筑、筑墳(fen)、打(da)井、深翻土(tu)地(di)(di)。文物主(zhu)管部(bu)門負責對(dui)此情(qing)況進(jin)(jin)行檢查和(he)(he)(he)指導(dao),及時解決問題(ti)。(5)對(dui)城(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內外(wai)進(jin)(jin)行考古鉆探,搞清宗(zong)廟(miao)、街道、作(zuo)(zuo)坊、墓地(di)(di)等(deng)(deng)(deng)總體布局。(6)制定《焦作(zuo)(zuo)府(fu)(fu)(fu)城(cheng)早商(shang)城(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管理辦(ban)法》并(bing)由焦作(zuo)(zuo)市(shi)(shi)人民(min)政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)加以公(gong)布實(shi)施(shi),使該遺址(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)法制化(hua)。