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1985年2—4月進行(xing)搶救(jiu)性發掘，1986年3—4月進行(xing)第(di)二次發掘。兩(liang)次發掘共揭露面積550平(ping)方米，清理出新石器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)時代早期(qi)墓(mu)葬(zang)62座，岳石文(wen)(wen)化(hua)和西周時期(qi)灰坑各(ge)1個(ge)，漢代墓(mu)葬(zang)10座。文(wen)(wen)化(hua)層厚(hou)約1米，地層堆積清晰(xi)。新石器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)時代早期(qi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)石棺墓(mu)61座，全部采用大伊山上自然石板鑲砌而成。共出土(tu)陶(tao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、石器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、骨(gu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、玉器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等(deng)文(wen)(wen)物170余件(jian)。石器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)均磨制，少數留有打(da)制痕(hen)跡(ji)，器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)形有斧、錛、鏟、鑿、杵、研磨器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等(deng)；骨(gu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有針(zhen)、錐；玉器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有璜、塊、耳墜(zhui)等(deng)；陶(tao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)夾(jia)砂紅褐陶(tao)、泥質紅陶(tao)為(wei)主(zhu)，均為(wei)手制。常見(jian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有釜、鼎(ding)、缽(bo)、盆(pen)、壺、瓶、支座、銼等(deng)。紋(wen)飾主(zhu)要(yao)有附加堆紋(wen)、窄堆紋(wen)、乳丁紋(wen)、刻劃紋(wen)。墓(mu)葬(zang)中(zhong)隨(sui)葬(zang)陶(tao)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)釜、缽(bo)、罐或(huo)鼎(ding)、缽(bo)、盆(pen)為(wei)基本組合，鼎(ding)釜多(duo)帶(dai)腰沿，缽(bo)多(duo)為(wei)平(ping)底(di)，部分為(wei)蓋在(zai)死(si)者頭部的“紅頂缽(bo)”，其(qi)中(zhong)6件(jian)底(di)部有刻劃符(fu)號(hao)。

相關資料

大(da)伊山(shan)石(shi)(shi)棺墓晚于(yu)(yu)北(bei)辛文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)，早于(yu)(yu)大(da)汶(wen)口文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)；由于(yu)(yu)它處于(yu)(yu)南北(bei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)交匯區，因而既具(ju)(ju)有黃(huang)河(he)下游新石(shi)(shi)器(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)特征，又具(ju)(ju)有長江(jiang)(jiang)下游新石(shi)(shi)器(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)的(de)特點(dian)，同(tong)時還具(ju)(ju)有獨特的(de)自(zi)身文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)因素，屬青蓮(lian)崗文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)類型。1995年4月公(gong)布為(wei)江(jiang)(jiang)蘇省第四批(pi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)保(bao)護(hu)單位，1996年11月公(gong)布為(wei)第四批(pi)全國重點(dian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)保(bao)護(hu)單位。

石棺墓

石(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)全部(bu)采用(yong)大(da)伊山上自(zi)然石(shi)板鑲砌而(er)成。其中出(chu)土陶(tao)器(qi)(qi)、石(shi)器(qi)(qi)、骨器(qi)(qi)、玉器(qi)(qi)等(deng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)170余件。大(da)伊山石(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)中還有(you)兩大(da)發(fa)現(xian)引人注目，一是(shi)(shi)在61座墓(mu)(mu)葬(zang)中，有(you)27座發(fa)現(xian)用(yong)主要食器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)陶(tao)缽覆蓋在死者頭部(bu)，缽底部(bu)敲打(da)出(chu)一個小洞(dong)。二是(shi)(shi)六(liu)件陶(tao)缽的(de)(de)(de)底部(bu)發(fa)現(xian)有(you)刻(ke)劃符號。有(you)專家說，這些(xie)刻(ke)劃符號是(shi)(shi)中國(guo)發(fa)現(xian)最早的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)字萌芽。原(yuan)國(guo)家文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)局(ju)副局(ju)長(chang)、國(guo)家文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)局(ju)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)專家組組長(chang)黃景略，原(yuan)故宮博物(wu)(wu)館(guan)院長(chang)、著名考古學家張忠(zhong)培(pei)，山東(dong)省文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)考古研(yan)究(jiu)所研(yan)究(jiu)員(yuan)鄭笑(xiao)梅等(deng)考察后(hou)認為(wei)，大(da)伊山石(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)晚于(yu)北辛文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化，早于(yu)大(da)汶(wen)口文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化，距今6500年(nian)，是(shi)(shi)中國(guo)最早的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)；由(you)于(yu)它處于(yu)南北文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化交匯區，因(yin)而(er)既具有(you)黃河(he)下游新(xin)石(shi)器(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化特(te)征，又具有(you)長(chang)江下游新(xin)石(shi)器(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化特(te)點，同時還具有(you)獨特(te)的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)身文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化因(yin)素，屬(shu)青蓮崗文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化類(lei)型(xing)，1996年(nian)11月(yue)，大(da)伊山石(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)公(gong)布為(wei)第四批全國(guo)重點文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)保護單位(wei)。

位于連云港市(shi)灌云縣伊(yi)山(shan)(shan)鄉任莊村大(da)伊(yi)山(shan)(shan)東麓，遺址(zhi)東西長(chang)70米、南北寬50米，總面積約3000多(duo)平方米，距今(jin)6500年，是中國(guo)(guo)迄今(jin)發(fa)現(xian)最(zui)早(zao)的石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)墓(mu)(mu)。經(jing)1985年、1986年兩次發(fa)掘，清(qing)理(li)新(xin)(xin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)時(shi)代早(zao)期(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)墓(mu)(mu)61座。岳石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)和西周(zhou)時(shi)期(qi)灰坑各一處、漢代墓(mu)(mu)葬10座。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)墓(mu)(mu)全部(bu)采用(yong)大(da)伊(yi)山(shan)(shan)上自(zi)然石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)板鑲砌(qi)而(er)成(cheng)。其0土陶器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、骨器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、玉(yu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)170余件。大(da)伊(yi)山(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)墓(mu)(mu)中還有(you)兩大(da)發(fa)現(xian)引人(ren)注目(mu)，一是在61座墓(mu)(mu)葬中，有(you)27座發(fa)現(xian)用(yong)主要食器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的陶缽(bo)覆蓋在死者(zhe)頭部(bu)，缽(bo)底(di)部(bu)敲打出一個小洞。二是六件陶缽(bo)的底(di)部(bu)發(fa)現(xian)有(you)刻劃符(fu)號。有(you)專家(jia)說(shuo)，這(zhe)些刻劃符(fu)號是中國(guo)(guo)發(fa)現(xian)最(zui)早(zao)的文(wen)(wen)(wen)字(zi)萌芽。原國(guo)(guo)家(jia)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)局(ju)副局(ju)長(chang)、國(guo)(guo)家(jia)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)局(ju)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)專家(jia)組(zu)組(zu)長(chang)黃景(jing)略(lve)，原故宮博物(wu)館院長(chang)、著名(ming)考古學(xue)家(jia)張忠(zhong)培，山(shan)(shan)東省文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)考古研(yan)究(jiu)所研(yan)究(jiu)員鄭笑梅等考察后認為，大(da)伊(yi)山(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)墓(mu)(mu)晚于北辛(xin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)，早(zao)于大(da)汶口文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)，距今(jin)6500年，是中國(guo)(guo)最(zui)早(zao)的石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)墓(mu)(mu)；由于它處于南北文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)交匯區，因而(er)既(ji)具(ju)有(you)黃河(he)下游新(xin)(xin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)特征，又具(ju)有(you)長(chang)江下游新(xin)(xin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)特點(dian)，同時(shi)還具(ju)有(you)獨特的自(zi)身(shen)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)因素(su)，屬青蓮(lian)崗文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)類型，1996年11月，大(da)伊(yi)山(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)墓(mu)(mu)公布為第四批全國(guo)(guo)重點(dian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)保護單位。