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1985年(nian)2—4月進行(xing)搶(qiang)救性發(fa)(fa)掘(jue)，1986年(nian)3—4月進行(xing)第二次發(fa)(fa)掘(jue)。兩次發(fa)(fa)掘(jue)共(gong)(gong)揭露面積550平方(fang)米，清理出新石器(qi)時(shi)(shi)代早(zao)期(qi)墓(mu)葬(zang)62座，岳石文(wen)化(hua)和西(xi)周時(shi)(shi)期(qi)灰坑各1個，漢代墓(mu)葬(zang)10座。文(wen)化(hua)層(ceng)厚(hou)約1米，地層(ceng)堆(dui)(dui)積清晰。新石器(qi)時(shi)(shi)代早(zao)期(qi)文(wen)化(hua)石棺墓(mu)61座，全部(bu)采用大伊山上自然石板鑲砌而成(cheng)。共(gong)(gong)出土(tu)陶器(qi)、石器(qi)、骨器(qi)、玉器(qi)等(deng)文(wen)物170余件。石器(qi)均(jun)磨制(zhi)(zhi)，少數留(liu)有(you)(you)打制(zhi)(zhi)痕跡，器(qi)形有(you)(you)斧(fu)、錛、鏟、鑿、杵、研磨器(qi)等(deng)；骨器(qi)有(you)(you)針、錐(zhui)；玉器(qi)有(you)(you)璜、塊、耳(er)墜等(deng)；陶器(qi)以夾砂(sha)紅(hong)褐(he)陶、泥質紅(hong)陶為(wei)主，均(jun)為(wei)手制(zhi)(zhi)。常見器(qi)有(you)(you)釜(fu)(fu)、鼎(ding)(ding)、缽(bo)、盆、壺、瓶、支座、銼等(deng)。紋飾主要(yao)有(you)(you)附加(jia)堆(dui)(dui)紋、窄堆(dui)(dui)紋、乳丁紋、刻(ke)劃紋。墓(mu)葬(zang)中隨葬(zang)陶器(qi)以釜(fu)(fu)、缽(bo)、罐或鼎(ding)(ding)、缽(bo)、盆為(wei)基本(ben)組合，鼎(ding)(ding)釜(fu)(fu)多帶腰沿(yan)，缽(bo)多為(wei)平底，部(bu)分為(wei)蓋(gai)在死者頭部(bu)的“紅(hong)頂缽(bo)”，其中6件底部(bu)有(you)(you)刻(ke)劃符號。

相關資料

大(da)伊(yi)山石(shi)棺墓(mu)晚于(yu)北(bei)(bei)辛文化(hua)，早于(yu)大(da)汶口文化(hua)；由于(yu)它處于(yu)南北(bei)(bei)文化(hua)交匯區，因而既(ji)具有(you)黃(huang)河下游新(xin)石(shi)器文化(hua)特征，又具有(you)長江下游新(xin)石(shi)器文化(hua)的特點，同時還具有(you)獨特的自身文化(hua)因素，屬青蓮(lian)崗文化(hua)類型。1995年4月公布(bu)為江蘇省第(di)四批(pi)文物保(bao)護單位，1996年11月公布(bu)為第(di)四批(pi)全國重點文物保(bao)護單位。

石棺墓

石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺墓全部(bu)采用大(da)伊(yi)山(shan)(shan)上自然石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)板(ban)鑲砌而成。其中出土陶器(qi)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)、骨器(qi)、玉器(qi)等(deng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)170余件。大(da)伊(yi)山(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺墓中還有(you)(you)(you)兩大(da)發現(xian)(xian)引人(ren)注(zhu)目，一(yi)是在(zai)61座墓葬中，有(you)(you)(you)27座發現(xian)(xian)用主要食器(qi)的(de)陶缽(bo)(bo)覆蓋在(zai)死者頭(tou)部(bu)，缽(bo)(bo)底(di)部(bu)敲(qiao)打出一(yi)個小(xiao)洞。二是六件陶缽(bo)(bo)的(de)底(di)部(bu)發現(xian)(xian)有(you)(you)(you)刻(ke)劃符號。有(you)(you)(you)專(zhuan)家(jia)說，這些刻(ke)劃符號是中國發現(xian)(xian)最早的(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)字萌(meng)芽。原國家(jia)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)局(ju)副局(ju)長、國家(jia)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)局(ju)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)專(zhuan)家(jia)組組長黃景(jing)略(lve)，原故宮博物(wu)館院長、著名考古(gu)學(xue)家(jia)張忠(zhong)培(pei)，山(shan)(shan)東省文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)考古(gu)研究所研究員鄭笑梅(mei)等(deng)考察(cha)后認為(wei)，大(da)伊(yi)山(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺墓晚于北辛(xin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)，早于大(da)汶口文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)，距今6500年(nian)(nian)，是中國最早的(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺墓；由于它處于南北文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)交匯區，因(yin)而既具有(you)(you)(you)黃河下游新石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)特(te)(te)征，又具有(you)(you)(you)長江下游新石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)特(te)(te)點(dian)，同時還具有(you)(you)(you)獨特(te)(te)的(de)自身文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)因(yin)素(su)，屬(shu)青(qing)蓮崗文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)類型，1996年(nian)(nian)11月，大(da)伊(yi)山(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺墓公(gong)布為(wei)第四(si)批全國重點(dian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)保護單位。

位于連云(yun)(yun)港市灌云(yun)(yun)縣(xian)伊山(shan)(shan)鄉任莊村大(da)(da)伊山(shan)(shan)東麓，遺址(zhi)東西(xi)長(chang)70米、南(nan)北(bei)寬50米，總面積(ji)約3000多平方米，距(ju)今6500年(nian)(nian)，是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)迄今發(fa)(fa)現(xian)最早(zao)(zao)的(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)。經1985年(nian)(nian)、1986年(nian)(nian)兩(liang)次發(fa)(fa)掘，清理(li)新(xin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)時(shi)代(dai)早(zao)(zao)期文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)61座。岳石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和西(xi)周時(shi)期灰坑各(ge)一(yi)處(chu)、漢代(dai)墓(mu)(mu)葬10座。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)全部(bu)(bu)采(cai)用大(da)(da)伊山(shan)(shan)上自(zi)(zi)然石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)板鑲砌而成。其0土陶器(qi)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)、骨器(qi)、玉器(qi)等文(wen)(wen)物(wu)170余件(jian)。大(da)(da)伊山(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)中(zhong)(zhong)還有(you)兩(liang)大(da)(da)發(fa)(fa)現(xian)引(yin)人注目，一(yi)是(shi)在(zai)61座墓(mu)(mu)葬中(zhong)(zhong)，有(you)27座發(fa)(fa)現(xian)用主要食(shi)器(qi)的(de)陶缽覆蓋在(zai)死者頭(tou)部(bu)(bu)，缽底部(bu)(bu)敲(qiao)打出一(yi)個小(xiao)洞。二是(shi)六件(jian)陶缽的(de)底部(bu)(bu)發(fa)(fa)現(xian)有(you)刻劃(hua)符號。有(you)專(zhuan)家說(shuo)，這些刻劃(hua)符號是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)發(fa)(fa)現(xian)最早(zao)(zao)的(de)文(wen)(wen)字萌芽。原國(guo)家文(wen)(wen)物(wu)局副局長(chang)、國(guo)家文(wen)(wen)物(wu)局文(wen)(wen)物(wu)專(zhuan)家組組長(chang)黃(huang)(huang)景略(lve)，原故宮博物(wu)館院長(chang)、著名考古(gu)學家張忠培，山(shan)(shan)東省文(wen)(wen)物(wu)考古(gu)研究所研究員鄭(zheng)笑梅等考察后(hou)認(ren)為，大(da)(da)伊山(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)晚于北(bei)辛文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，早(zao)(zao)于大(da)(da)汶口文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，距(ju)今6500年(nian)(nian)，是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)最早(zao)(zao)的(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)；由于它(ta)處(chu)于南(nan)北(bei)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)交匯區，因而既具(ju)有(you)黃(huang)(huang)河下(xia)游新(xin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)特征，又具(ju)有(you)長(chang)江下(xia)游新(xin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)特點，同時(shi)還具(ju)有(you)獨特的(de)自(zi)(zi)身(shen)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)因素，屬(shu)青蓮崗(gang)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)類型，1996年(nian)(nian)11月，大(da)(da)伊山(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棺(guan)(guan)墓(mu)(mu)公布為第四(si)批全國(guo)重點文(wen)(wen)物(wu)保護單位。