雞公垱(dang)遺(yi)址位于澧(li)縣澧(li)南鄉栗木村(cun)。舊(jiu)(jiu)石(shi)器(qi)埋藏在澧(li)水右岸二級階地的網(wang)紋紅土中。海拔高(gao)(gao)度約50米(mi),相對(dui)高(gao)(gao)度20米(mi)。堆(dui)積物表(biao)現為(wei)河(he)湖相沉積。其地質(zhi)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)為(wei)中更新世晚期(qi)或晚更新世早期(qi),文化時(shi)(shi)代(dai)為(wei)舊(jiu)(jiu)石(shi)器(qi)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)中期(qi)。1987年(nian)10月調查(cha)發現29件(jian)舊(jiu)(jiu)石(shi)器(qi),1988年(nian)10——11月由湖南省(sheng)考古所發掘(jue),獲得200多(duo)件(jian)石(shi)制品(pin)。
雞(ji)公垱遺址位于澧縣(xian)澧南鄉栗木村一東(dong)西(xi)走向(xiang)崗地(di)上,南北寬(kuan)約(yue)(yue)200米,東(dong)西(xi)長約(yue)(yue)250米,現(xian)存面積(ji)約(yue)(yue)50000平方米,舊石(shi)(shi)器(qi)埋藏在澧水(shui)右岸(an)二(er)級階地(di)的網紋紅土中。海拔高度約(yue)(yue)50米,相(xiang)對(dui)高度20米。堆積(ji)物表現(xian)為河湖(hu)相(xiang)沉積(ji)。其(qi)地(di)質時代(dai)(dai)為中更(geng)新世晚期(qi)(qi)或(huo)晚更(geng)新世早期(qi)(qi),文化時代(dai)(dai)為舊石(shi)(shi)器(qi)時代(dai)(dai)中期(qi)(qi),距(ju)今約(yue)(yue)5-20萬年。
1987年10月發現(xian)29件(jian)(jian)舊石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),1988年10——11月發掘(jue),獲得200多(duo)(duo)(duo)件(jian)(jian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)制(zhi)品。遺址發掘(jue)出(chu)一個石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)制(zhi)品密集的(de)(de)(de)分布面(mian),大(da)約為(wei)(wei)16平方米范圍內出(chu)土(tu)150多(duo)(duo)(duo)件(jian)(jian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)制(zhi)品,其(qi)高差不出(chu)30厘(li)米。顯然為(wei)(wei)古人類的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活場(chang)(chang)所,可(ke)能為(wei)(wei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)場(chang)(chang)地。雞公(gong)垱(dang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)制(zhi)品的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)料(liao)主要為(wei)(wei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)英巖,其(qi)次為(wei)(wei)硅質巖,還有(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)英、燧石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等。原(yuan)料(liao)基(ji)本上(shang)來(lai)自(zi)河(he)床礫石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組合為(wei)(wei)砍斫器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、大(da)尖(jian)狀(zhuang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、似手(shou)斧石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)球(qiu)、刮削器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等。其(qi)中以大(da)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)砍斫器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大(da)尖(jian)狀(zhuang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)主,小(xiao)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)刮削器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)少(shao)。加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方法(fa)基(ji)本上(shang)為(wei)(wei)錘(chui)擊法(fa)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)既有(you)單面(mian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong),又有(you)雙面(mian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)。以由腹(fu)面(mian)向背面(mian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)為(wei)(wei)多(duo)(duo)(duo),由背面(mian)向腹(fu)面(mian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)較(jiao)少(shao)。器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體厚大(da)笨重。礫石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三棱尖(jian)狀(zhuang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、厚大(da)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)片(pian)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)球(qiu)、似手(shou)斧石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是其(qi)富特征的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。與雞公(gong)垱(dang)遺存性質相(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)舊石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)地點(dian)(dian)目(mu)前發現(xian)多(duo)(duo)(duo),遍(bian)布澧(li)水(shui)中、下游。如(ru)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)門(men)大(da)圣(sheng)廟、臨澧(li)華垱(dang)、澧(li)縣紅旗等達30多(duo)(duo)(duo)處(chu)。雞公(gong)垱(dang)遺存在這一類型(xing)文化遺存中具(ju)典型(xing)意義,原(yuan)研究者命名(ming)為(wei)(wei)“雞公(gong)垱(dang)文化”。雞公(gong)垱(dang)遺址是澧(li)水(shui)流域發現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)第一處(chu)舊石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)時期遺址,也是整個湖(hu)南省早發現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)舊石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)點(dian)(dian)之一。
雞(ji)(ji)(ji)公垱石(shi)制品的原料主要為(wei)(wei)石(shi)英巖(yan),其次為(wei)(wei)硅(gui)質巖(yan),還有石(shi)英、燧石(shi)等。石(shi)器(qi)組合為(wei)(wei)砍斫器(qi)、大尖狀器(qi)、似手斧石(shi)器(qi)、石(shi)球、刮削器(qi)等。與(yu)雞(ji)(ji)(ji)公垱遺存(cun)性質相同的舊石(shi)器(qi)地(di)點目前發(fa)現(xian)多,遍布(bu)澧(li)水中、下游。雞(ji)(ji)(ji)公垱遺存(cun)在(zai)這(zhe)一類型(xing)文(wen)化(hua)遺存(cun)中具典型(xing)意義,原研究者命名(ming)為(wei)(wei)“雞(ji)(ji)(ji)公垱文(wen)化(hua)”。
雞公垱遺(yi)址位于(yu)湖(hu)南澧縣澧南鄉栗木村
舊石(shi)器(qi)埋(mai)藏(zang)在澧水右岸二級(ji)階地的(de)網紋(wen)紅土中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。海(hai)拔高度約50米,相對高度20米。堆積物(wu)表現(xian)為(wei)河湖相沉積。其地質時(shi)代(dai)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)更新世(shi)晚期或晚更新世(shi)早期,文化(hua)時(shi)代(dai)為(wei)舊石(shi)器(qi)時(shi)代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期。1987年10月(yue)調查(cha)發(fa)(fa)現(xian)29件舊石(shi)器(qi),1988年10——11月(yue)由湖南(nan)省考古所發(fa)(fa)掘(jue),獲得200多(duo)件石(shi)制(zhi)品。
雞公垱(dang)遺(yi)址位于澧縣澧南鄉(xiang)栗木村(cun)。舊石(shi)器埋藏在澧水右岸二(er)級階地(di)的網紋紅(hong)土中(zhong)。海拔(ba)高(gao)度約(yue)50米,相對高(gao)度20米。堆積物表現(xian)為河湖相沉積。其地(di)質時(shi)代(dai)為中(zhong)更新(xin)世晚(wan)期或晚(wan)更新(xin)世早(zao)期,文化時(shi)代(dai)為舊石(shi)器時(shi)代(dai)中(zhong)期。1987年(nian)10月調查發現(xian)29件(jian)舊石(shi)器,1988年(nian)10——11月由湖南省考(kao)古所發掘(jue),獲(huo)得200多(duo)件(jian)石(shi)制品。
雞(ji)(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)垱(dang)石(shi)制(zhi)品(pin)的原料(liao)主要為石(shi)英巖,其次(ci)為硅質(zhi)巖,還有(you)石(shi)英、燧石(shi)等。石(shi)器組合為砍斫器、大尖狀器、似手斧石(shi)器、石(shi)球(qiu)、刮削器等。與雞(ji)(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)垱(dang)遺(yi)存(cun)性質(zhi)相同的舊石(shi)器地點目前發現多,遍布(bu)澧水(shui)中(zhong)、下游。雞(ji)(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)垱(dang)遺(yi)存(cun)在這一類型文化遺(yi)存(cun)中(zhong)具典(dian)型意義,原研究者命名為“雞(ji)(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)垱(dang)文化”。