2016年(nian)8月25日,國(guo)家海(hai)洋(yang)局印發《關于批準建立(li)大(da)連仙浴灣(wan)等9處國(guo)家級海(hai)洋(yang)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)的通知》,新增9個國(guo)家級海(hai)洋(yang)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan),其中包括“青島膠州(zhou)灣(wan)國(guo)家級海(hai)洋(yang)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)”。
膠州灣國家(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)海(hai)洋(yang)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)是青(qing)島市繼2014年(nian)西海(hai)岸國家(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)海(hai)洋(yang)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)獲批后第二(er)處國家(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)海(hai)洋(yang)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan),也是全國最大的半封閉海(hai)灣國家(jia)(jia)級(ji)(ji)海(hai)洋(yang)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)。至此青(qing)島市海(hai)洋(yang)特別保護區達到(dao)6處,總面(mian)積達到(dao)804.71平方(fang)公(gong)里。
青島(dao)膠(jiao)(jiao)州(zhou)灣(wan)國家級海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)位于膠(jiao)(jiao)州(zhou)灣(wan)中(zhong)北部,總面(mian)積(ji)20011公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)。其中(zhong),海(hai)(hai)域(yu)(yu)面(mian)積(ji)19971.77公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),陸域(yu)(yu)面(mian)積(ji)39.23公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)。海(hai)(hai)域(yu)(yu)面(mian)積(ji)約占膠(jiao)(jiao)州(zhou)灣(wan)海(hai)(hai)域(yu)(yu)面(mian)積(ji)54%(以膠(jiao)(jiao)州(zhou)灣(wan)保(bao)護控制線劃定的(de)(de)海(hai)(hai)域(yu)(yu)面(mian)積(ji)為(wei)基數)。該(gai)海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理區位、生態(tai)(tai)系統(tong)、生物資(zi)源和非生物資(zi)源、生態(tai)(tai)旅(lv)游條件特(te)殊,具有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)(de)保(bao)護價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)。海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)內包(bao)括淺海(hai)(hai)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、潮(chao)間(jian)帶濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、潮(chao)上帶濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、河口(kou)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)以及人工(gong)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(養(yang)殖池、鹽田)等多種(zhong)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)類型,是鳥類重要的(de)(de)繁(fan)殖地(di)(di)(di)(di)、越(yue)冬地(di)(di)(di)(di)與遷徙停(ting)歇(xie)地(di)(di)(di)(di),濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)生態(tai)(tai)系統(tong)的(de)(de)服務功能和價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)較(jiao)(jiao)高。海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)海(hai)(hai)域(yu)(yu)營養(yang)條件良好、基礎餌料豐富,是多種(zhong)經濟(ji)魚類、蝦(xia)蟹類和頭足(zu)類重要的(de)(de)產(chan)卵、索餌和育(yu)幼場(chang)所(suo),具有(you)漁(yu)業(ye)資(zi)源和生物多樣性保(bao)護價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)。海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)生態(tai)(tai)旅(lv)游以海(hai)(hai)濱資(zi)源為(wei)基礎、生態(tai)(tai)旅(lv)游模式(shi)展(zhan)開,極具藝術觀賞價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)、歷(li)史(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)、科學考(kao)察價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)以及休閑娛樂(le)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)。海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)旅(lv)游資(zi)源較(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)豐富,海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體育(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)、民俗文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)、歷(li)史(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)、節慶文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)、軍事文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)、漁(yu)業(ye)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)、港口(kou)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)等都獨具特(te)色,有(you)著一定的(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)積(ji)淀,具有(you)較(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi),符合海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)特(te)別(bie)保(bao)護區海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)選(xuan)劃條件。
青(qing)島膠州灣(wan)國家(jia)級海洋(yang)公(gong)園(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要保(bao)護(hu)對象是膠州灣(wan)保(bao)護(hu)控制線內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)北(bei)部濕地(di)與(yu)大沽(gu)河(he)口濕地(di),包括其面(mian)積及環境質(zhi)量(liang)。海洋(yang)公(gong)園(yuan)范圍覆蓋膠州灣(wan)內(nei)港口航運區(qu)以北(bei)的(de)(de)(de)大部分(fen)區(qu)域,陸上邊界參照青(qing)島市人大常委會批(pi)準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)膠州灣(wan)保(bao)護(hu)控制線。結合膠州灣(wan)海域的(de)(de)(de)自然環境特征與(yu)社(she)會經濟發展情(qing)況(kuang),充(chong)分(fen)考慮保(bao)護(hu)對象的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)布(bu)情(qing)況(kuang),有利于保(bao)護(hu)和(he)開展科研等綜合因素,海洋(yang)公(gong)園(yuan)劃分(fen)為面(mian)積分(fen)別為5585公(gong)頃的(de)(de)(de)重點保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)、3116公(gong)頃的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)態(tai)與(yu)資源恢復區(qu)以及11310公(gong)頃的(de)(de)(de)適度利用區(qu)三個功能區(qu)。
青島膠州灣國家(jia)級(ji)海(hai)(hai)洋公園的(de)(de)建立對維(wei)護(hu)保(bao)護(hu)區內(nei)的(de)(de)濕(shi)地(di)面積、保(bao)護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多樣(yang)性、提升區域(yu)內(nei)景觀生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)安(an)全和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)服務功(gong)能具有重要的(de)(de)價值。膠州灣國家(jia)級(ji)海(hai)(hai)洋公園的(de)(de)建立,進一步完善了(le)我市海(hai)(hai)洋保(bao)護(hu)區體系(xi),對促(cu)進海(hai)(hai)洋生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)和資源合理利用具有重要作用,對青島沿海(hai)(hai)地(di)區社會經濟的(de)(de)可持續發展和海(hai)(hai)洋生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明(ming)建設起到(dao)積極推動作用。