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基本介紹

中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區(qu)舊(jiu)址位(wei)于湖北省孝(xiao)感市大悟縣宣(xuan)化店鎮。包括(kuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區(qu)司令部舊(jiu)址、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區(qu)首長舊(jiu)居、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區(qu)大會(hui)場舊(jiu)址、周恩來與(yu)美蔣代表談判(pan)舊(jiu)址。是國(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)公布(bu)的全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)重點文物保護(hu)單位(wei)；是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宣(xuan)部確定(ding)的第三批全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)愛國(guo)(guo)主義教育示(shi)范基(ji)地；是全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)百家“紅色(se)旅(lv)游”經典景區(qu)之(zhi)一。

抗(kang)日戰(zhan)爭(zheng)(zheng)勝利后，堅持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原地(di)區的(de)斗爭(zheng)(zheng)，具有極其(qi)重大的(de)戰(zhan)略意義。因此，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央確定王(wang)樹(shu)聲率(lv)領(ling)的(de)嵩岳軍(jun)(jun)區部(bu)隊南(nan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，令(ling)王(wang)震、王(wang)首道(dao)率(lv)領(ling)的(de)八路軍(jun)(jun)南(nan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)支隊自粵北(bei)返，于(yu)1945年10月24日在桐(tong)柏山區的(de)唐(tang)河(he)縣(xian)與(yu)新四軍(jun)(jun)第(di)五(wu)師會(hui)合，正式成(cheng)立中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原局，并(bing)組(zu)建中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原軍(jun)(jun)區，鄭(zheng)位三任(ren)(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原局代理書記(ji)兼中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原軍(jun)(jun)區政(zheng)委，李(li)先念任(ren)(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原軍(jun)(jun)區司(si)令(ling)員，王(wang)樹(shu)聲任(ren)(ren)副司(si)令(ling)員，王(wang)震任(ren)(ren)副司(si)令(ling)員兼參謀長，王(wang)首道(dao)任(ren)(ren)副政(zheng)委兼政(zheng)治部(bu)主任(ren)(ren)。主力部(bu)隊共編為2個(ge)縱隊和(he)3個(ge)獨(du)立旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)。嵩岳軍(jun)(jun)區部(bu)隊編為第(di)一縱隊，下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)轄1旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)、2旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)、3旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)；359旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)南(nan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)支隊與(yu)五(wu)師部(bu)隊合編為第(di)二縱隊，下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)轄13旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)、14旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)、15旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)45團、359旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)。縱隊直屬中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原軍(jun)(jun)區領(ling)導(dao)，獨(du)立旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)分屬江漢、鄂東、河(he)南(nan)3個(ge)軍(jun)(jun)區領(ling)導(dao)。至此，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原地(di)區人(ren)(ren)(ren)民武裝(zhuang)力量，擁有3萬(wan)余(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)主力軍(jun)(jun)和(he)將近3萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)地(di)方武裝(zhuang)。

為了調(diao)動(dong)敵人，配合華北我軍作(zuo)戰(zhan)，中(zhong)(zhong)原軍區部(bu)隊(dui)主力于12月下旬開始(shi)向平漢鐵路以(yi)(yi)東轉移。1946年1月上(shang)旬，中(zhong)(zhong)原部(bu)隊(dui)進(jin)至光山(shan)以(yi)(yi)南、禮(li)山(shan)以(yi)(yi)北地區的宣化店，1月8日中(zhong)(zhong)原局、中(zhong)(zhong)原軍區司令(ling)部(bu)進(jin)駐此處。在此指揮了震(zhen)驚中(zhong)(zhong)外的中(zhong)(zhong)原突圍戰(zhan)役，打響了解(jie)放戰(zhan)爭第一槍，拉開了全(quan)國解(jie)放戰(zhan)爭的序幕。