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基本介紹

中(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)舊址位(wei)于湖北省孝感市(shi)大悟縣(xian)宣化店鎮(zhen)。包括中(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)司令部舊址、中(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)首(shou)長舊居(ju)、中(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)大會場舊址、周恩來與美蔣(jiang)代表談判舊址。是國務院公布(bu)的全國重點文物(wu)保護單位(wei)；是中(zhong)宣部確定的第三批全國愛國主義教育示(shi)范基地；是全國百家“紅色旅(lv)游”經典景區(qu)(qu)(qu)之一。

抗日戰爭勝利(li)后，堅(jian)持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)斗爭，具有極(ji)其(qi)重大的(de)戰略(lve)意義。因此，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)確定(ding)王(wang)樹聲率領(ling)的(de)嵩(song)(song)岳(yue)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)南下(xia)，令王(wang)震、王(wang)首道率領(ling)的(de)八路(lu)軍(jun)南下(xia)支隊(dui)(dui)自(zi)粵北(bei)返，于1945年10月24日在桐柏山區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)唐河縣與新四軍(jun)第(di)五師會合，正式(shi)成立中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)局，并組(zu)建(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，鄭位三任中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)局代理(li)書記兼(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)政(zheng)委，李先(xian)念(nian)任中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)司(si)令員(yuan)，王(wang)樹聲任副司(si)令員(yuan)，王(wang)震任副司(si)令員(yuan)兼(jian)參謀長(chang)，王(wang)首道任副政(zheng)委兼(jian)政(zheng)治(zhi)部(bu)主(zhu)任。主(zhu)力(li)(li)部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)共編(bian)為(wei)2個(ge)縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)和3個(ge)獨(du)(du)立旅(lv)(lv)(lv)。嵩(song)(song)岳(yue)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)編(bian)為(wei)第(di)一縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)，下(xia)轄(xia)1旅(lv)(lv)(lv)、2旅(lv)(lv)(lv)、3旅(lv)(lv)(lv)；359旅(lv)(lv)(lv)南下(xia)支隊(dui)(dui)與五師部(bu)隊(dui)(dui)合編(bian)為(wei)第(di)二縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)，下(xia)轄(xia)13旅(lv)(lv)(lv)、14旅(lv)(lv)(lv)、15旅(lv)(lv)(lv)45團(tuan)、359旅(lv)(lv)(lv)。縱(zong)隊(dui)(dui)直屬(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)領(ling)導，獨(du)(du)立旅(lv)(lv)(lv)分屬(shu)江漢、鄂東、河南3個(ge)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)領(ling)導。至(zhi)此，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)人民武(wu)(wu)裝力(li)(li)量，擁有3萬(wan)余人的(de)主(zhu)力(li)(li)軍(jun)和將(jiang)近(jin)3萬(wan)人的(de)地(di)方(fang)武(wu)(wu)裝。

為了調動(dong)敵人，配合華北(bei)我軍(jun)(jun)作戰(zhan)，中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)(jun)區部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)主力于(yu)12月(yue)下旬(xun)開始向(xiang)平漢鐵路以東(dong)轉移。1946年1月(yue)上旬(xun)，中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)進至光山以南、禮山以北(bei)地區的(de)宣化店，1月(yue)8日中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)局(ju)、中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)(jun)區司令部(bu)(bu)(bu)進駐此(ci)處。在(zai)此(ci)指揮了震驚中(zhong)(zhong)外的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)突圍戰(zhan)役，打響了解(jie)放(fang)(fang)戰(zhan)爭第(di)一槍，拉(la)開了全國解(jie)放(fang)(fang)戰(zhan)爭的(de)序幕。