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永春桃溪水利風景區概況

桃溪流(liu)域水利風(feng)景區以桃溪縣(xian)城河段(duan)為(wei)主體，向上游(you)、下游(you)輻射整(zheng)個流(liu)域沿途景觀(guan)，西(xi)起石鼓鎮(zhen)卿園橋(qiao)，東至東關鎮(zhen)東關古橋(qiao)，主河道(dao)長 19 公里(li)(li)，規劃總面(mian)積 5.14 平方(fang)公里(li)(li)，其中水域面(mian)積 1.27 平方(fang)公里(li)(li)，陸地面(mian)積 3.87 平方(fang)公里(li)(li)。桃溪流(liu)經石鼓鎮(zhen)、五里(li)(li)街鎮(zhen)、桃城鎮(zhen)、東平鎮(zhen)以及(ji)東關鎮(zhen) 5 個鄉鎮(zhen)。

河流

桃(tao)(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)發(fa)源(yuan)于(yu)永春縣(xian)(xian)(xian)錦(jin)斗鄉(xiang)(xiang)珍卿村附(fu)近的雪山南(nan)麓(lu)，流(liu)經永春縣(xian)(xian)(xian)錦(jin)斗、呈(cheng)祥、蓬(peng)壺(hu)、達埔(pu)、石鼓(gu)、五(wu)里(li)(li)(li)(li)街(jie)、桃(tao)(tao)(tao)城(cheng)(cheng)和(he)東(dong)(dong)平8個鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮，出(chu)東(dong)(dong)關(guan)入山美(mei)水庫為(wei)晉江東(dong)(dong)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，全(quan)(quan)長61.75公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，主(zhu)流(liu)自珍卿村口(kou)拱(gong)橋(qiao)至東(dong)(dong)關(guan)出(chu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境(jing)長48公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積476平方公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，為(wei)永春縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境(jing)內最主(zhu)要的河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)。桃(tao)(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)河(he)(he)(he)道比降平均(jun)為(wei)6.2‰(至水文(wen)站)，河(he)(he)(he)床(chuang)最寬處百(bai)米以上。歷(li)史(shi)上舟楫可通至石鼓(gu)潭，1958年(nian)仍可通至儒林(lin)的義烈(lie)祠后，以后因水土流(liu)失(shi)嚴(yan)重(zhong)，河(he)(he)(he)床(chuang)淤積，已失(shi)去舟楫之利(li)。桃(tao)(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)較大的支流(liu)有壺(hu)東(dong)(dong)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、延清(qing)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、達里(li)(li)(li)(li)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、高壟(long)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。壺(hu)東(dong)(dong)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)發(fa)源(yuan)于(yu)永春縣(xian)(xian)(xian)蘇坑鄉(xiang)(xiang)馬鞍與德(de)化縣(xian)(xian)(xian)潯中鎮的交界(jie)處，流(liu)經熙里(li)(li)(li)(li)、東(dong)(dong)星、溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)園、魁都、湯城(cheng)(cheng)、壺(hu)中，在(zai)(zai)雙(shuang)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)口(kou)與桃(tao)(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)匯合(he)，全(quan)(quan)長13.75公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，流(liu)經蘇坑和(he)蓬(peng)壺(hu)2個鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮。延清(qing)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)發(fa)源(yuan)于(yu)永春縣(xian)(xian)(xian)蓬(peng)壺(hu)鎮聯星村，流(liu)經溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)源(yuan)、前峰、蓬(peng)萊、建國，在(zai)(zai)達埔(pu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)新瓊村匯入桃(tao)(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，全(quan)(quan)長8公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)。達里(li)(li)(li)(li)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)發(fa)源(yuan)于(yu)永春縣(xian)(xian)(xian)達埔(pu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)達山，流(liu)經達中、金星，在(zai)(zai)橋(qiao)頭宮(gong)注入桃(tao)(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，全(quan)(quan)長8公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)。高壟(long)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)有2個源(yuan)地：東(dong)(dong)源(yuan)于(yu)吾(wu)(wu)峰鄉(xiang)(xiang)吾(wu)(wu)頂，流(liu)經梅林(lin)、后壟(long)、埔(pu)頭、社山、西(xi)安(an)，在(zai)(zai)五(wu)里(li)(li)(li)(li)街(jie)鎮西(xi)安(an)橋(qiao)下匯入桃(tao)(tao)(tao)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，全(quan)(quan)長11.5公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)；西(xi)源(yuan)于(yu)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮玳瑁山西(xi)面(mian)，流(liu)經蔣溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、吾(wu)(wu)達、吾(wu)(wu)東(dong)(dong)，在(zai)(zai)五(wu)里(li)(li)(li)(li)街(jie)鎮與高壟(long)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)相匯合(he)，全(quan)(quan)長4.5公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)。

桃(tao)溪發源于雪山(shan)南麓的珍(zhen)卿(qing)尖，流(liu)(liu)經錦斗、呈祥、蓬壸(kun)、達(da)埔、石鼓(gu)、五里(li)(li)街(jie)、桃(tao)城、東(dong)平等八個(ge)鄉鎮，出東(dong)關入山(shan)美水(shui)庫為(wei)晉江東(dong)溪，全長(chang)六(liu)十(shi)一.七五公(gong)里(li)(li)。主流(liu)(liu)自珍(zhen)卿(qing)村口拱橋(qiao)至(zhi)東(dong)關出縣境(jing)長(chang)四(si)十(shi)八公(gong)里(li)(li)。流(liu)(liu)域面(mian)積四(si)百(bai)七十(shi)六(liu)平方公(gong)里(li)(li)，溪流(liu)(liu)面(mian)積五千二(er)百(bai)零八畝(mu)，流(liu)(liu)域平均(jun)坡(po)度為(wei)百(bai)分之二(er)十(shi)五，溪床坡(po)降(jiang)平均(jun)為(wei)百(bai)分之零點六(liu)二(er)(至(zhi)水(shui)文站)，溪床最(zui)寛處百(bai)米以上。歷史(shi)上舟楫可通至(zhi)石鼓(gu)潭(tan)，一九五八年仍可通至(zhi)儒林(lin)的義烈(lie)祠后。以后水(shui)土流(liu)(liu)失嚴重(一九八二(er)年流(liu)(liu)沙(sha)量為(wei)三十(shi)七.八萬噸)，溪道淤(yu)積，成為(wei)淺灘(tan)沙(sha)溪。

桃溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是永(yong)春的主(zhu)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，匯支流(liu)較多。在錦(jin)斗鄉匯洪內溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi);呈祥鄉柴橋(qiao)頭匯呈祥溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi);經(jing)龍(long)潭出馬(ma)跳至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蓬壸(kun)，北(bei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)都溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，東北(bei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)壸(kun)東溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi);折(zhe)向南(nan)到壸(kun)口(kou)橋(qiao)，西(xi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)西(xi)昌小(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)，東有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)蘇阪小(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)；至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)芹(qin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)前折(zhe)向西(xi)流(liu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孔(kong)里(li)宮，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)高麗溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)來(lai)會；轉(zhuan)(zhuan)南(nan)繞芹(qin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)達埔坪(ping)尾(wei)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)路尾(wei)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)，至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)玉樹(shu)壟有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)竹下(xia)坑(keng)(keng)(keng);轉(zhuan)(zhuan)東南(nan)經(jing)神廟至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)橋(qiao)頭宮一帶，西(xi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)延(yan)清溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、達理溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，東有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)源于(yu)百丈(zhang)巖(yan)的漢口(kou)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)；再向東流(liu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)洋角尾(wei)，南(nan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)源于(yu)舟山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的洑(fu)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，北(bei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)東園坑(keng)(keng)(keng);繞溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)尾(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)向北(bei)再斜(xie)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)東北(bei)，經(jing)洑(fu)江至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)社山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)北(bei)來(lai)的田中坑(keng)(keng)(keng)、打石(shi)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)、磁灶(zao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)前坑(keng)(keng)(keng)等(deng)水會合；此(ci)后轉(zhuan)(zhuan)東南(nan)流(liu)到西(xi)安橋(qiao)上(shang)下(xia)，匯合石(shi)鼓(gu)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、高壟溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)面(mian)進(jin)一步展(zhan)寛；經(jing)五里(li)街、桃城，北(bei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)源于(yu)大鵬山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)諸小(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)，東有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)龍(long)蛟沙(sha)小(xiao)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)，南(nan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)德風溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、花石(shi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi);至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)雙魚山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)下(xia)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)東北(bei)行，再折(zhe)向東南(nan)繞花石(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、水口(kou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)入東平(ping)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)鼓(gu)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、磨刀坑(keng)(keng)(keng)、羅洋坑(keng)(keng)(keng)、芹(qin)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)諸水來(lai)會;流(liu)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)東關橋(qiao)下(xia)，匯湖洋溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)過馬(ma)甲等(deng)灘出縣境(jing)。

桃溪比較大的支流有四:

壸東溪，發源于蘇坑鄉馬鞍與(yu)德化交界處(chu)，全(quan)長十(shi)三.七五公里，流經熙里、東星、溪園(yuan)、魁斗、湯城、壸中，在雙溪口與(yu)桃溪匯合。

延清溪(xi)(xi)，發源(yuan)于蓬(peng)壸鄉(xiang)聯星村，全(quan)長(chang)八(ba)公(gong)里，流經(jing)溪(xi)(xi)源(yuan)、前鋒(feng)、蓬(peng)萊、建國(guo)，在新(xin)瓊與桃溪(xi)(xi)匯合。

達(da)理溪，發(fa)源于(yu)烏石、達(da)山、全長十公里，流經達(da)理、達(da)中、金星，在橋頭宮與桃溪匯合。

高壟溪，有二個發源(yuan)地:吾頂、玳瑁(mao)山(shan)。源(yuan)于(yu)吾頂的全長十一.五公里(li)，梳經(jing)默林、后(hou)壟、吾西(xi)、吾中、棗嶺(ling)、高壟、埔(pu)頭、社山(shan)、西(xi)安(an)，在西(xi)安(an)橋下(xia)與桃溪匯(hui)合。源(yuan)于(yu)玳瑁(mao)山(shan)西(xi)面的全長四.五公里(li)，經(jing)蔣溪、吾邊、吾東，在高壟村相匯(hui)合。

桃(tao)溪(xi)(xi)屬中--老年期溪(xi)(xi)流，表現盆地溪(xi)(xi)流，形成蛇(she)曲。附城(cheng)區的(de)(de)原河渞曾從現在的(de)(de)縣農場(chang)(chang)沿(yan)桃(tao)星、桃(tao)場(chang)(chang)至(zhi)農科所，折北東經(jing)義(yi)烈祠北向東流(經(jing)縣體(ti)育場(chang)(chang)北面)，經(jing)過多次洪水(shui)災害而逐漸改道(dao)為(wei)現溪(xi)(xi)流形狀。