簡介
玉(yu)環位于中(zhong)國浙江東(dong)南沿海黃金海岸線中(zhong)段(duan),介于寧波(bo)、溫(wen)州兩(liang)開放城(cheng)市(shi)之間,由楚門(men)半島、玉(yu)環本島和135個外圍島嶼(yu)組成。地處(chu)亞熱帶(dai)季風(feng)氣候(hou)區,全年(nian)平均氣溫(wen)17℃,平均降水(shui)量1460.3毫米,無霜期約260天。縣(xian)域總面(mian)積2300平方(fang)公里(li),其中(zhong)陸地面(mian)積378平方(fang)公里(li)。現有總人口51.8萬,其中(zhong)外來常住人口17萬。轄(xia)珠港(gang)鎮(含城(cheng)關辦(ban)事處(chu)、坎(kan)門(men)辦(ban)事處(chu)、陳(chen)嶼(yu)辦(ban)事處(chu))、楚門(men)鎮、清港(gang)鎮、蘆浦鎮、干江鎮、沙門(men)鎮、龍溪鄉(xiang)、雞山鄉(xiang)、海山鄉(xiang)6鎮3鄉(xiang)。2008年(nian)生產(chan)總值250億(yi)(yi)元(yuan),其中(zhong)財(cai)政總收入35、6億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)、地方(fang)財(cai)政收入15、8 億(yi)(yi)元(yuan),城(cheng)鄉(xiang)居民可支配收入27347元(yuan)、農民人均純收入11219元(yuan)。已經連續9次躋身“中(zhong)國綜合實力百強(qiang)縣(xian)”行列,居于第29位。
玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)歷史悠(you)久(jiu),據考古發現(xian)的(de)三合潭遺址證實,早在新石(shi)器時代,人類就開始在玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)大地上繁衍生息、創造文(wen)明(ming)。夏、周(zhou)時期,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)為(wei)(wei)"揚州(zhou)(zhou)之域"。清朝雍正六年(1782年)置玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)廳,附溫州(zhou)(zhou)府。民國(guo)元年(1912年),行(xing)道(dao)(dao)縣(xian)(xian)制,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)改為(wei)(wei)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)縣(xian)(xian),隸屬(shu)(shu)溫州(zhou)(zhou)道(dao)(dao);1949年4月7日,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)縣(xian)(xian)解放。建國(guo)后(hou),玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)縣(xian)(xian)屬(shu)(shu)溫州(zhou)(zhou)專(zhuan)區(qu);1959年,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)縣(xian)(xian)撤銷,并入(ru)溫嶺(ling)縣(xian)(xian),仍屬(shu)(shu)溫州(zhou)(zhou)專(zhuan)區(qu);1962年,恢復玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)縣(xian)(xian)建制,隸屬(shu)(shu)臺(tai)州(zhou)(zhou)專(zhuan)區(qu)。現(xian)今,隨臺(tai)州(zhou)(zhou)改設為(wei)(wei)地級(ji)市(shi),玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)隸屬(shu)(shu)臺(tai)州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)。據志(zhi)書記載,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)縣(xian)(xian)名源自(zi)海島奇(qi)觀:晨(chen)霧繞島,形狀如(ru)環(huan)(huan);上有流水,潔(jie)白如(ru)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)--玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)由此得名。
玉環(huan)(漩門(men)(men)(men)灣)水(shui)利風(feng)景(jing)區(qu)位于(yu)玉環(huan)縣(xian)西(xi)北(bei)部(bu)的(de)樂清灣內,地(di)跨(kua)三鎮(zhen)二(er)鄉,東(dong)靠玉環(huan)縣(xian)次中(zhong)心(xin)重(zhong)鎮(zhen)楚(chu)門(men)(men)(men)、清港(gang)兩鎮(zhen),南(nan)距玉環(huan)縣(xian)城(cheng)中(zhong)心(xin)約15km。景(jing)區(qu)由(you)(you)(you)玉環(huan)縣(xian)漩門(men)(men)(men)二(er)期蓄淡(dan)圍墾(ken)(ken)區(qu)和(he)(he)玉環(huan)觀(guan)光農(nong)業(ye)園(yuan)兩部(bu)分組成,總面(mian)積6.5萬畝(mu)(43.33 km2)。其中(zhong),漩門(men)(men)(men)二(er)期蓄淡(dan)圍墾(ken)(ken)區(qu)由(you)(you)(you)漩門(men)(men)(men)二(er)期蓄淡(dan)圍墾(ken)(ken)工(gong)程圍墾(ken)(ken)而成,面(mian)積5.6萬畝(mu)(37.33 k㎡),工(gong)程于(yu)1999年(nian)(nian)正(zheng)式開工(gong),2005年(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)完成,2006年(nian)(nian)通(tong)過完工(gong)驗(yan)收(shou),概算投資5.201億元。玉環(huan)觀(guan)光農(nong)業(ye)園(yuan)與漩門(men)(men)(men)二(er)期蓄淡(dan)圍墾(ken)(ken)區(qu)相(xiang)接(jie),由(you)(you)(you)苔(tai)山(shan)塘、楚(chu)北(bei)塘、楚(chu)南(nan)塘等上(shang)世紀六七十年(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)和(he)(he)八(ba)十年(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)建(jian)設的(de)三條(tiao)海塘圍成,總面(mian)積9515畝(mu)。觀(guan)光農(nong)業(ye)園(yuan)始建(jian)于(yu)2000年(nian)(nian),目前初步建(jian)成了以(yi)楚(chu)南(nan)塘核(he)心(xin)區(qu)為重(zhong)點(dian),在全(quan)(quan)省初具名(ming)聲(sheng)的(de)農(nong)業(ye)生產與示(shi)范(fan)、科研科普、農(nong)事體驗(yan)與休閑觀(guan)光相(xiang)結合的(de)綠色(se)生態園(yuan)區(qu)。該園(yuan)已被授(shou)予全(quan)(quan)國農(nong)業(ye)旅游示(shi)范(fan)點(dian)、國家AAA級旅游景(jing)區(qu)、全(quan)(quan)國農(nong)業(ye)科普示(shi)范(fan)基地(di)和(he)(he)省農(nong)家樂特色(se)點(dian)等稱(cheng)號(hao)。
玉(yu)環(huan)(漩門灣(wan))水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)風(feng)景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)風(feng)光(guang)旖旎,生態環(huan)境佳絕,灘涂、濕地(di)、小(xiao)島、背(bei)景(jing)山林(lin)交(jiao)相(xiang)輝映,旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游資源單(dan)體(ti)數量(liang)合計40個(ge)(ge)(ge),其中(zhong)優良旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游資源有(you)37個(ge)(ge)(ge)(其中(zhong)五級(ji)(ji)10個(ge)(ge)(ge)、四級(ji)(ji)13個(ge)(ge)(ge)、三(san)級(ji)(ji)7個(ge)(ge)(ge)),占75%;普通級(ji)(ji)10個(ge)(ge)(ge)(其中(zhong)二(er)級(ji)(ji)6個(ge)(ge)(ge)、一級(ji)(ji)4個(ge)(ge)(ge)),占25%。景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內的水(shui)(shui)(shui)文景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、地(di)輿景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、天象景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、生物(wu)景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、工(gong)程(cheng)景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、文化景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng)資源組合時空分布有(you)序、烘托和諧、富有(you)特色。區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)內淡水(shui)(shui)(shui)濕地(di)面積九千(qian)五百余畝,現狀旅(lv)(lv)(lv)游資源單(dan)體(ti)以(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)鳥棲息濕地(di)、檉(cheng)柳自(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)次(ci)生濕地(di)、圍墾(ken)工(gong)程(cheng)遺(yi)跡次(ci)生濕地(di)、九眼港觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)光(guang)游憩(qi)河段、雁(yan)蕩蘆花沼澤與(yu)濕地(di)為(wei)主;現狀植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)(bei)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)光(guang)園(yuan)以(yi)栽(zai)培植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)(bei)為(wei)主、圍墾(ken)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以(yi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)(bei)為(wei)主。栽(zai)培植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)(bei)類型(xing)主要有(you)常綠(lv)闊(kuo)葉林(lin)(木麻黃林(lin)和玉(yu)環(huan)柚經濟林(lin)),自(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)(bei)類型(xing)有(you)沼生水(shui)(shui)(shui)生植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)(bei)(蘆葦群落(luo)(luo)、空心(xin)蓮子草群落(luo)(luo))、濱海鹽(yan)生植(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)(bei)(鹽(yan)地(di)堿蓬群落(luo)(luo))等(deng)。植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)系屬中(zhong)國-日本森林(lin)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)亞區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的華南區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)北(bei)緣;
野生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)資(zi)源(yuan)4綱16目(mu)29種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中不乏鳶、蒼鷹等(deng)(deng)國家(jia)二級(ji)重點保護(hu)動(dong)物(wu)(wu),是(shi)全國最大的(de)(de)野生(sheng)黑嘴鷗棲息地(di)之一(yi)(yi);區(qu)(qu)內(nei)已(yi)鑒定(ding)出浮(fu)游(you)植物(wu)(wu)4門16屬(shu)29種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、浮(fu)游(you)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)21種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、底棲生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)與(yu)海(hai)(hai)(hai)堤外(wai)的(de)(de)樂清灣(wan)直接相連,海(hai)(hai)(hai)灣(wan)“漲潮為海(hai)(hai)(hai)、退潮為江”似江似海(hai)(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)觀奇特;海(hai)(hai)(hai)上長堤7千余米,氣勢恢(hui)弘,猶如碧海(hai)(hai)(hai)蒼龍將(jiang)大海(hai)(hai)(hai)與(yu)湖泊東西(xi)分隔,使得(de)廣闊的(de)(de)海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋濕地(di)資(zi)源(yuan)與(yu)區(qu)(qu)內(nei)的(de)(de)淡(dan)水濕地(di)區(qu)(qu)形成了頗具(ju)特色的(de)(de)兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不同類型的(de)(de)濕地(di)資(zi)源(yuan)組(zu)合,全國少有(you)(you);景(jing)(jing)區(qu)(qu)內(nei)現存具(ju)有(you)(you)較高旅(lv)(lv)游(you)資(zi)源(yuan)等(deng)(deng)級(ji)的(de)(de)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)歷史(shi)遺跡有(you)(you)四處,并(bing)有(you)(you)“深浦(pu)古渡”、小(xiao)龍王抗(kang)倭(wo)紀念碑、三角板涂傳說等(deng)(deng)大量紀念物(wu)(wu)、民(min)間(jian)傳說和(he)故事等(deng)(deng)資(zi)源(yuan);建(jian)成投(tou)運的(de)(de)觀光(guang)(guang)農業園建(jian)有(you)(you)多處旅(lv)(lv)游(you)休閑景(jing)(jing)點和(he)農事體驗區(qu)(qu),特別是(shi)以中國三大名柚之一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)特色果樹(shu)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“玉(yu)環柚”成片種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植為基礎的(de)(de)綠(lv)色果品生(sheng)產(chan)和(he)果園生(sheng)態旅(lv)(lv)游(you)觀光(guang)(guang),已(yi)經成為生(sheng)態玉(yu)環的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)張綠(lv)色名片。