簡介
玉環位(wei)(wei)于中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)浙江東南沿海黃(huang)金海岸線中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)段,介(jie)于寧波、溫(wen)州兩開放城市之間(jian),由楚(chu)門(men)半島、玉環本島和135個外(wai)圍(wei)島嶼組(zu)成。地處亞熱帶季風氣(qi)候(hou)區(qu),全年平均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)17℃,平均(jun)降水量1460.3毫(hao)米,無霜期約260天。縣域(yu)總(zong)面積(ji)2300平方公(gong)里,其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)陸地面積(ji)378平方公(gong)里。現有總(zong)人口51.8萬,其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)外(wai)來常住(zhu)人口17萬。轄珠(zhu)港鎮(zhen)(含城關辦(ban)事(shi)(shi)處、坎(kan)門(men)辦(ban)事(shi)(shi)處、陳(chen)嶼辦(ban)事(shi)(shi)處)、楚(chu)門(men)鎮(zhen)、清港鎮(zhen)、蘆浦鎮(zhen)、干江鎮(zhen)、沙門(men)鎮(zhen)、龍(long)溪鄉(xiang)(xiang)、雞山鄉(xiang)(xiang)、海山鄉(xiang)(xiang)6鎮(zhen)3鄉(xiang)(xiang)。2008年生(sheng)產(chan)總(zong)值250億元,其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)財(cai)政總(zong)收入(ru)35、6億元、地方財(cai)政收入(ru)15、8 億元,城鄉(xiang)(xiang)居民可支配收入(ru)27347元、農民人均(jun)純收入(ru)11219元。已經連續9次躋身“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)綜合實力百(bai)強縣”行列,居于第29位(wei)(wei)。
玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)歷(li)史悠久,據考古發現(xian)的(de)三合潭遺(yi)址(zhi)證(zheng)實,早在(zai)(zai)新(xin)石(shi)器(qi)時代,人類就(jiu)開(kai)始(shi)在(zai)(zai)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)大地上繁衍生息、創造(zao)文(wen)明。夏、周時期,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)為"揚州(zhou)之域"。清朝雍正六年(1782年)置玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)廳,附溫(wen)州(zhou)府。民(min)國元年(1912年),行(xing)道(dao)縣(xian)制,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)改(gai)為玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian),隸屬(shu)(shu)(shu)溫(wen)州(zhou)道(dao);1949年4月7日,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian)解放。建(jian)國后(hou),玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)溫(wen)州(zhou)專(zhuan)區;1959年,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian)撤銷(xiao),并入溫(wen)嶺(ling)縣(xian),仍屬(shu)(shu)(shu)溫(wen)州(zhou)專(zhuan)區;1962年,恢復玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian)建(jian)制,隸屬(shu)(shu)(shu)臺(tai)州(zhou)專(zhuan)區。現(xian)今(jin),隨臺(tai)州(zhou)改(gai)設為地級市(shi),玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)隸屬(shu)(shu)(shu)臺(tai)州(zhou)市(shi)。據志書(shu)記載,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)縣(xian)名源自海(hai)島奇觀(guan):晨霧繞島,形狀如(ru)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan);上有(you)流水(shui),潔白如(ru)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)--玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)由此(ci)得名。
玉環(huan)(漩門(men)灣)水利風(feng)景區(qu)(qu)位于玉環(huan)縣西北部的(de)樂清(qing)灣內,地跨三(san)鎮二鄉,東(dong)靠玉環(huan)縣次中(zhong)心(xin)重(zhong)鎮楚(chu)門(men)、清(qing)港兩鎮,南距玉環(huan)縣城中(zhong)心(xin)約15km。景區(qu)(qu)由玉環(huan)縣漩門(men)二期(qi)蓄(xu)淡(dan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墾區(qu)(qu)和玉環(huan)觀(guan)(guan)光農業園兩部分組成,總面(mian)(mian)積6.5萬(wan)(wan)畝(43.33 km2)。其中(zhong),漩門(men)二期(qi)蓄(xu)淡(dan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墾區(qu)(qu)由漩門(men)二期(qi)蓄(xu)淡(dan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墾工(gong)(gong)程圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墾而成,面(mian)(mian)積5.6萬(wan)(wan)畝(37.33 k㎡),工(gong)(gong)程于1999年(nian)(nian)正式開工(gong)(gong),2005年(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)完成,2006年(nian)(nian)通(tong)過完工(gong)(gong)驗收,概(gai)算投資(zi)5.201億元。玉環(huan)觀(guan)(guan)光農業園與(yu)漩門(men)二期(qi)蓄(xu)淡(dan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)墾區(qu)(qu)相(xiang)接(jie),由苔山(shan)塘、楚(chu)北塘、楚(chu)南塘等(deng)上世紀六七十年(nian)(nian)代和八十年(nian)(nian)代建設的(de)三(san)條海塘圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)成,總面(mian)(mian)積9515畝。觀(guan)(guan)光農業園始建于2000年(nian)(nian),目前(qian)初步建成了以楚(chu)南塘核心(xin)區(qu)(qu)為重(zhong)點,在(zai)全(quan)(quan)省初具名聲的(de)農業生(sheng)產與(yu)示(shi)范、科研科普、農事(shi)體驗與(yu)休閑觀(guan)(guan)光相(xiang)結(jie)合的(de)綠色生(sheng)態園區(qu)(qu)。該(gai)園已被授(shou)予全(quan)(quan)國農業旅游示(shi)范點、國家AAA級旅游景區(qu)(qu)、全(quan)(quan)國農業科普示(shi)范基(ji)地和省農家樂特(te)色點等(deng)稱(cheng)號。
玉環(huan)(漩門(men)灣)水(shui)利風景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)風光(guang)旖(yi)旎,生(sheng)態環(huan)境佳絕,灘(tan)涂、濕(shi)地(di)(di)、小島(dao)、背景(jing)山(shan)林(lin)(lin)交相輝映,旅(lv)游(you)資源(yuan)單(dan)體數量合計(ji)40個(ge),其(qi)中(zhong)優良(liang)旅(lv)游(you)資源(yuan)有(you)37個(ge)(其(qi)中(zhong)五級10個(ge)、四級13個(ge)、三級7個(ge)),占(zhan)75%;普(pu)通級10個(ge)(其(qi)中(zhong)二級6個(ge)、一級4個(ge)),占(zhan)25%。景(jing)區(qu)(qu)(qu)內的(de)水(shui)文景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)、地(di)(di)輿景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)、天象景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)、生(sheng)物景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)、工程(cheng)景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)、文化景(jing)觀(guan)(guan)等(deng)資源(yuan)組合時空分布有(you)序、烘(hong)托和諧、富有(you)特色。區(qu)(qu)(qu)內淡水(shui)濕(shi)地(di)(di)面積九千五百余(yu)畝(mu),現狀旅(lv)游(you)資源(yuan)單(dan)體以水(shui)鳥棲息濕(shi)地(di)(di)、檉柳自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)次(ci)生(sheng)濕(shi)地(di)(di)、圍墾工程(cheng)遺跡次(ci)生(sheng)濕(shi)地(di)(di)、九眼港(gang)觀(guan)(guan)光(guang)游(you)憩(qi)河段、雁蕩蘆(lu)花沼澤(ze)與(yu)濕(shi)地(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu);現狀植(zhi)被(bei)觀(guan)(guan)光(guang)園以栽培植(zhi)被(bei)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)、圍墾區(qu)(qu)(qu)以自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)植(zhi)被(bei)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)。栽培植(zhi)被(bei)類型(xing)主(zhu)(zhu)要有(you)常綠闊葉林(lin)(lin)(木麻黃林(lin)(lin)和玉環(huan)柚(you)經濟林(lin)(lin)),自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)植(zhi)被(bei)類型(xing)有(you)沼生(sheng)水(shui)生(sheng)植(zhi)被(bei)(蘆(lu)葦群落(luo)、空心蓮子草群落(luo))、濱海(hai)鹽生(sheng)植(zhi)被(bei)(鹽地(di)(di)堿蓬群落(luo))等(deng)。植(zhi)物區(qu)(qu)(qu)系屬中(zhong)國-日本森林(lin)(lin)植(zhi)物亞區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)華(hua)南區(qu)(qu)(qu)北緣;
野(ye)生動物(wu)(wu)資源(yuan)(yuan)4綱16目29種,其(qi)中(zhong)不(bu)乏鳶、蒼(cang)鷹(ying)等國家(jia)二級重點保護(hu)動物(wu)(wu),是全國最大(da)(da)的(de)(de)野(ye)生黑嘴鷗棲(qi)息地之一(yi)(yi);區(qu)內(nei)(nei)已(yi)鑒定(ding)出浮(fu)游(you)植物(wu)(wu)4門16屬29種、浮(fu)游(you)動物(wu)(wu)21種、底(di)棲(qi)生物(wu)(wu)14種;景(jing)(jing)區(qu)與海堤外的(de)(de)樂清灣直接相連(lian),海灣“漲潮為海、退潮為江”似(si)江似(si)海的(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)奇特;海上長堤7千余米(mi),氣勢恢弘,猶如碧海蒼(cang)龍將大(da)(da)海與湖泊(bo)東西分(fen)隔,使得廣闊的(de)(de)海洋濕(shi)地資源(yuan)(yuan)與區(qu)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)淡水濕(shi)地區(qu)形成了頗具特色(se)的(de)(de)兩種不(bu)同類型的(de)(de)濕(shi)地資源(yuan)(yuan)組合,全國少有(you);景(jing)(jing)區(qu)內(nei)(nei)現(xian)存具有(you)較高(gao)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)資源(yuan)(yuan)等級的(de)(de)各種歷史遺跡(ji)有(you)四處,并有(you)“深浦古渡”、小龍王抗倭紀(ji)念碑、三角板涂傳(chuan)說等大(da)(da)量(liang)紀(ji)念物(wu)(wu)、民間傳(chuan)說和故事等資源(yuan)(yuan);建成投(tou)運的(de)(de)觀(guan)光農業園(yuan)建有(you)多處旅(lv)(lv)游(you)休(xiu)閑景(jing)(jing)點和農事體(ti)驗區(qu),特別是以中(zhong)國三大(da)(da)名柚之一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)特色(se)果樹(shu)品種“玉環柚”成片(pian)(pian)種植為基礎的(de)(de)綠色(se)果品生產和果園(yuan)生態旅(lv)(lv)游(you)觀(guan)光,已(yi)經(jing)成為生態玉環的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)張綠色(se)名片(pian)(pian)。