簡介
玉環位于中(zhong)(zhong)國浙江(jiang)(jiang)東南沿海(hai)(hai)黃金(jin)海(hai)(hai)岸線中(zhong)(zhong)段(duan),介于寧(ning)波、溫(wen)州兩開放城市之間(jian),由楚門(men)半島、玉環本島和135個外圍島嶼組成。地處亞熱(re)帶(dai)季(ji)風氣候區,全年(nian)平均(jun)氣溫(wen)17℃,平均(jun)降水(shui)量1460.3毫米,無霜期約260天。縣域總(zong)面積(ji)2300平方公里,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)陸地面積(ji)378平方公里。現有(you)總(zong)人口51.8萬,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)外來常住人口17萬。轄珠港鎮(zhen)(zhen)(含(han)城關(guan)辦事(shi)處、坎門(men)辦事(shi)處、陳嶼辦事(shi)處)、楚門(men)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、清港鎮(zhen)(zhen)、蘆浦鎮(zhen)(zhen)、干(gan)江(jiang)(jiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、沙門(men)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、龍溪鄉(xiang)(xiang)、雞山鄉(xiang)(xiang)、海(hai)(hai)山鄉(xiang)(xiang)6鎮(zhen)(zhen)3鄉(xiang)(xiang)。2008年(nian)生產總(zong)值250億元(yuan),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)財政總(zong)收入(ru)(ru)35、6億元(yuan)、地方財政收入(ru)(ru)15、8 億元(yuan),城鄉(xiang)(xiang)居民可支(zhi)配收入(ru)(ru)27347元(yuan)、農民人均(jun)純(chun)收入(ru)(ru)11219元(yuan)。已經連續9次躋身“中(zhong)(zhong)國綜合實力(li)百(bai)強縣”行列,居于第29位。
玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)歷史悠久,據(ju)考古發現的三合潭遺址證(zheng)實,早在(zai)新(xin)石器時代,人(ren)類就開始在(zai)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)大地(di)(di)上繁(fan)衍生(sheng)息、創造文明。夏、周時期,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)為"揚州(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)域"。清朝(chao)雍正六(liu)年(1782年)置玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)廳,附溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)府。民國元年(1912年),行道縣(xian)制(zhi)(zhi),玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)改為玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)縣(xian),隸(li)(li)屬(shu)溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)道;1949年4月(yue)7日,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)縣(xian)解放(fang)。建國后,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)縣(xian)屬(shu)溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)專(zhuan)(zhuan)區(qu);1959年,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)縣(xian)撤銷,并入溫(wen)嶺縣(xian),仍屬(shu)溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)專(zhuan)(zhuan)區(qu);1962年,恢復玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)縣(xian)建制(zhi)(zhi),隸(li)(li)屬(shu)臺(tai)州(zhou)(zhou)專(zhuan)(zhuan)區(qu)。現今,隨臺(tai)州(zhou)(zhou)改設為地(di)(di)級市,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)隸(li)(li)屬(shu)臺(tai)州(zhou)(zhou)市。據(ju)志書記載,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)縣(xian)名(ming)源自海島(dao)奇觀(guan):晨(chen)霧繞島(dao),形(xing)狀如環(huan)(huan);上有流水,潔白如玉(yu)(yu)(yu)--玉(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)由(you)此(ci)得名(ming)。
玉(yu)(yu)環(漩(xuan)(xuan)門(men)灣)水利風景(jing)區位于玉(yu)(yu)環縣西北部的(de)樂(le)清(qing)灣內(nei),地跨三鎮(zhen)二鄉,東靠(kao)玉(yu)(yu)環縣次中(zhong)心重(zhong)鎮(zhen)楚(chu)(chu)門(men)、清(qing)港兩鎮(zhen),南(nan)距(ju)玉(yu)(yu)環縣城中(zhong)心約15km。景(jing)區由(you)玉(yu)(yu)環縣漩(xuan)(xuan)門(men)二期(qi)(qi)蓄(xu)淡圍(wei)(wei)墾(ken)(ken)區和(he)玉(yu)(yu)環觀光(guang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)園兩部分組成,總面(mian)積6.5萬畝(mu)(mu)(43.33 km2)。其中(zhong),漩(xuan)(xuan)門(men)二期(qi)(qi)蓄(xu)淡圍(wei)(wei)墾(ken)(ken)區由(you)漩(xuan)(xuan)門(men)二期(qi)(qi)蓄(xu)淡圍(wei)(wei)墾(ken)(ken)工程圍(wei)(wei)墾(ken)(ken)而(er)成,面(mian)積5.6萬畝(mu)(mu)(37.33 k㎡),工程于1999年(nian)(nian)正式開工,2005年(nian)(nian)全(quan)面(mian)完成,2006年(nian)(nian)通過完工驗收,概算(suan)投資5.201億元(yuan)。玉(yu)(yu)環觀光(guang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)園與漩(xuan)(xuan)門(men)二期(qi)(qi)蓄(xu)淡圍(wei)(wei)墾(ken)(ken)區相接,由(you)苔山塘(tang)、楚(chu)(chu)北塘(tang)、楚(chu)(chu)南(nan)塘(tang)等上世(shi)紀(ji)六七十年(nian)(nian)代(dai)和(he)八十年(nian)(nian)代(dai)建(jian)設的(de)三條(tiao)海塘(tang)圍(wei)(wei)成,總面(mian)積9515畝(mu)(mu)。觀光(guang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)園始建(jian)于2000年(nian)(nian),目前(qian)初步建(jian)成了以(yi)楚(chu)(chu)南(nan)塘(tang)核心區為(wei)重(zhong)點(dian),在(zai)全(quan)省初具名(ming)聲的(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生產與示范(fan)、科(ke)研科(ke)普、農(nong)(nong)(nong)事體驗與休閑觀光(guang)相結合的(de)綠色生態園區。該園已被授予(yu)全(quan)國農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)旅游示范(fan)點(dian)、國家AAA級旅游景(jing)區、全(quan)國農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)科(ke)普示范(fan)基地和(he)省農(nong)(nong)(nong)家樂(le)特色點(dian)等稱(cheng)號。
玉環(huan)(漩(xuan)門灣(wan))水(shui)(shui)(shui)利風景(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)自(zi)(zi)然風光旖旎(ni),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境佳(jia)絕,灘涂、濕(shi)(shi)地(di)、小島、背景(jing)(jing)(jing)山(shan)林(lin)交(jiao)相輝映(ying),旅(lv)游(you)資(zi)源單(dan)體數量(liang)合(he)計40個(ge),其中優良旅(lv)游(you)資(zi)源有37個(ge)(其中五級10個(ge)、四級13個(ge)、三(san)級7個(ge)),占75%;普通級10個(ge)(其中二級6個(ge)、一級4個(ge)),占25%。景(jing)(jing)(jing)區(qu)內的水(shui)(shui)(shui)文景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)、地(di)輿(yu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)、天象景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)、工(gong)程景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)、文化景(jing)(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)等資(zi)源組(zu)合(he)時空分布有序、烘托和(he)諧、富(fu)有特色(se)。區(qu)內淡水(shui)(shui)(shui)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)面積九千五百(bai)余畝,現狀旅(lv)游(you)資(zi)源單(dan)體以(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)鳥棲(qi)息濕(shi)(shi)地(di)、檉柳自(zi)(zi)然次生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)、圍墾(ken)(ken)工(gong)程遺跡次生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)、九眼港觀(guan)(guan)(guan)光游(you)憩河段、雁蕩蘆花(hua)沼(zhao)澤(ze)與濕(shi)(shi)地(di)為主(zhu);現狀植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)光園以(yi)栽培(pei)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)為主(zhu)、圍墾(ken)(ken)區(qu)以(yi)自(zi)(zi)然植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)為主(zhu)。栽培(pei)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)類型(xing)主(zhu)要(yao)有常綠(lv)闊葉林(lin)(木麻黃林(lin)和(he)玉環(huan)柚經(jing)濟林(lin)),自(zi)(zi)然植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)類型(xing)有沼(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)(蘆葦群落、空心蓮子草群落)、濱海鹽(yan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)(鹽(yan)地(di)堿(jian)蓬群落)等。植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)區(qu)系屬(shu)中國-日本森林(lin)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)亞區(qu)的華南區(qu)北緣;
野(ye)生(sheng)動物資(zi)源(yuan)4綱16目29種(zhong)(zhong),其中不乏鳶、蒼(cang)鷹等(deng)國家二級(ji)重點保(bao)護動物,是全國最大(da)的(de)(de)野(ye)生(sheng)黑嘴鷗棲(qi)息地(di)之(zhi)一(yi);區(qu)內已鑒(jian)定(ding)出浮游(you)(you)植(zhi)(zhi)物4門16屬29種(zhong)(zhong)、浮游(you)(you)動物21種(zhong)(zhong)、底棲(qi)生(sheng)物14種(zhong)(zhong);景區(qu)與(yu)海堤外的(de)(de)樂(le)清灣直接相(xiang)連(lian),海灣“漲潮(chao)為海、退潮(chao)為江”似江似海的(de)(de)景觀奇特(te);海上長堤7千余米,氣勢恢弘(hong),猶如碧海蒼(cang)龍將大(da)海與(yu)湖泊東西分隔,使得廣闊的(de)(de)海洋(yang)濕地(di)資(zi)源(yuan)與(yu)區(qu)內的(de)(de)淡(dan)水濕地(di)區(qu)形成(cheng)了(le)頗具(ju)特(te)色(se)的(de)(de)兩種(zhong)(zhong)不同類型(xing)的(de)(de)濕地(di)資(zi)源(yuan)組合,全國少(shao)有(you);景區(qu)內現(xian)存具(ju)有(you)較高旅(lv)游(you)(you)資(zi)源(yuan)等(deng)級(ji)的(de)(de)各種(zhong)(zhong)歷史遺(yi)跡有(you)四處(chu),并有(you)“深(shen)浦古渡(du)”、小龍王抗倭紀念(nian)碑、三(san)角板涂傳說等(deng)大(da)量紀念(nian)物、民間傳說和(he)故事等(deng)資(zi)源(yuan);建(jian)成(cheng)投運的(de)(de)觀光農(nong)業園建(jian)有(you)多(duo)處(chu)旅(lv)游(you)(you)休閑景點和(he)農(nong)事體驗區(qu),特(te)別是以中國三(san)大(da)名柚之(zhi)一(yi)的(de)(de)特(te)色(se)果樹品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)“玉環柚”成(cheng)片種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)為基礎的(de)(de)綠色(se)果品(pin)生(sheng)產和(he)果園生(sheng)態旅(lv)游(you)(you)觀光,已經成(cheng)為生(sheng)態玉環的(de)(de)一(yi)張綠色(se)名片。