泥(ni)粒(li)河國家濕地公園,位(wei)于(yu)長白縣(xian)泥(ni)粒(li)河參場(chang)居民區(qu)以東(dong),八(ba)道(dao)(dao)溝(gou)河北岔(cha)河以南,長白森(sen)林(lin)經(jing)營局(ju)向陽川(chuan)林(lin)場(chang)和十三(san)道(dao)(dao)溝(gou)林(lin)場(chang)的部分事業區(qu)域。濕地公園位(wei)于(yu)吉林(lin)省長白森(sen)林(lin)經(jing)營局(ju)(以下簡稱“長白森(sen)經(jing)局(ju)”)向陽川(chuan)林(lin)場(chang)和十三(san)道(dao)(dao)溝(gou)林(lin)場(chang)轄區(qu)內(nei)。地理坐標為(wei)北緯41031/3.8//~41034/20.6//,東(dong)經(jing)127038/17.1//~127043/44.1//,海拔976~1100米(mi),總面積3070.5公頃。
經估算,吉林長(chang)白泥粒河國家濕(shi)地公(gong)園建設總投資(zi)7543.83萬(wan)元(yuan)。其中(zhong)工程項目建設投資(zi)6359.27萬(wan)元(yuan),其它費用419.65萬(wan)元(yuan),基本預備(bei)費338.90萬(wan)元(yuan),流(liu)動資(zi)金427.01萬(wan)元(yuan)。
吉林長(chang)白泥粒河國(guo)家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)公園(yuan)屬于生態社(she)會(hui)公益(yi)性(xing)項目(mu),項目(mu)建(jian)設具有(you)(you)顯著(zhu)的(de)(de)生態和社(she)會(hui)效(xiao)益(yi),經濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)良好。通過濕(shi)地(di)公園(yuan)的(de)(de)建(jian)設,將有(you)(you)效(xiao)地(di)保護(hu)泥粒河濕(shi)地(di)生態系(xi)統(tong)完整性(xing),充分發揮泥粒河濕(shi)地(di)在(zai)涵養水(shui)源、提(ti)供優質(zhi)水(shui)源、控制侵蝕(shi)、調節氣(qi)候、休閑(xian)娛樂和文化科(ke)研(yan)等功能(neng),全面提(ti)高濕(shi)地(di)公園(yuan)的(de)(de)生態系(xi)統(tong)服務價值。總之,吉林長(chang)白泥粒河國(guo)家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)公園(yuan)建(jian)設具有(you)(you)顯著(zhu)的(de)(de)生態和社(she)會(hui)效(xiao)益(yi),經濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)良好。
2013年(nian)1月(yue)10日,吉林(lin)省(sheng)林(lin)業廳主持召開(kai)了《吉林(lin)省(sheng)長(chang)白泥粒(li)河國家濕地公園總體規(gui)劃》的專(zhuan)家評(ping)審會,參會專(zhuan)家一致同意通過(guo)規(gui)劃的技術論(lun)證。
吉林省(sheng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣性(xing)(xing)十分豐(feng)富。據調查,全(quan)省(sheng)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)共有(you)(you)112科253屬(shu)613種(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)(zhong)被子(zi)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)530種(zhong)(zhong)、苔(tai)蘚植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)49種(zhong)(zhong)、蕨(jue)類植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)26種(zhong)(zhong)、裸子(zi)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)8種(zhong)(zhong)。全(quan)省(sheng)有(you)(you)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)30目59科297種(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家I級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)7種(zhong)(zhong),分別為(wei)東方白鸛、黑鸛、中(zhong)(zhong)華秋沙鴨、白頭鶴(he)(he)(he)(he)、丹頂(ding)鶴(he)(he)(he)(he)、白鶴(he)(he)(he)(he)、遺鷗;有(you)(you)國(guo)家Ⅱ級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)18種(zhong)(zhong),包括白額雁、大(da)天鵝、鴛鴦、灰(hui)鶴(he)(he)(he)(he)、白枕鶴(he)(he)(he)(he)、蓑羽鶴(he)(he)(he)(he)等。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)為(wei)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提供(gong)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存環境,為(wei)鳥類、魚(yu)類提供(gong)豐(feng)富的(de)(de)(de)食物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存繁衍空間,對物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)保(bao)(bao)存和(he)(he)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)多(duo)樣性(xing)(xing)發揮(hui)著極為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)作用。泥粒河(he)國(guo)家濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公園野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)源豐(feng)富,有(you)(you)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)84科326種(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)5種(zhong)(zhong);有(you)(you)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)脊椎(zhui)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)32目84科233種(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)36種(zhong)(zhong),野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)數占全(quan)省(sheng)已知脊椎(zhui)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)總(zong)數的(de)(de)(de)40.8%。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)退化和(he)(he)消失,將直接威脅(xie)到生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣性(xing)(xing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)和(he)(he)珍稀(xi)瀕危物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存繁衍。因此,開(kai)展泥粒河(he)國(guo)家濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公園建設,保(bao)(bao)護(hu)及修復好(hao)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系統(tong),是生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣性(xing)(xing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)。
濕地(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)涉及多部門(men)、多層面、多領域(yu),情(qing)況復雜,任務艱巨。因此,通過(guo)濕地(di)(di)公園建設,一(yi)方(fang)(fang)面可以提(ti)(ti)高(gao)地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)政(zheng)府對濕地(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的重視,促進保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)機構(gou)體系的建立與完善。另一(yi)方(fang)(fang)面,通過(guo)濕地(di)(di)公園保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)能(neng)力(li)建設,使機構(gou)設置、人員配(pei)備、巡查巡護(hu)(hu)設備設施配(pei)置、制度建設等方(fang)(fang)面得(de)到切實加強,必將有(you)效的提(ti)(ti)高(gao)濕地(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)能(neng)力(li)和水平,提(ti)(ti)升保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)效力(li)。
長(chang)白(bai)(bai)縣地處(chu)之(zhi)一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)白(bai)(bai)山南麓和(he)著(zhu)名的(de)(de)(de)(de)鴨(ya)綠江源(yuan)(yuan)頭,素有“長(chang)白(bai)(bai)林(lin)海、人(ren)參之(zhi)鄉(xiang)、天(tian)然氧吧、綠色寶庫”之(zhi)美譽。近年來,長(chang)白(bai)(bai)縣旅(lv)(lv)游(you)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)很(hen)快,尤其以(yi)(yi)長(chang)白(bai)(bai)山南坡的(de)(de)(de)(de)望天(tian)鵝(e)景區為依托,大力開發(fa)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)觀(guan)(guan)光(guang)產品,取得(de)了(le)(le)較大的(de)(de)(de)(de)成績(ji)。但從長(chang)白(bai)(bai)縣旅(lv)(lv)游(you)產品結(jie)構(gou)上(shang)看仍顯單一(yi)。為此,《吉林(lin)省長(chang)白(bai)(bai)朝鮮族自治縣旅(lv)(lv)游(you)產業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)劃(hua)(2011—2020)》提(ti)出了(le)(le)“要重點(dian)推進以(yi)(yi)觀(guan)(guan)光(guang)為主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)產品體(ti)(ti)系(xi)向以(yi)(yi)休(xiu)閑度(du)假為核(he)心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)產品體(ti)(ti)系(xi)轉型升(sheng)級,構(gou)建‘最美長(chang)白(bai)(bai)’的(de)(de)(de)(de)休(xiu)閑度(du)假方(fang)式”。泥粒河國(guo)家濕地公(gong)園利用區域得(de)天(tian)獨(du)厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)濕地、森林(lin)風景資源(yuan)(yuan),建設生(sheng)態(tai)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)休(xiu)閑度(du)假目的(de)(de)(de)(de)地,完全符合長(chang)白(bai)(bai)縣旅(lv)(lv)游(you)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)總體(ti)(ti)戰略布局,可以(yi)(yi)促進長(chang)白(bai)(bai)縣生(sheng)態(tai)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)地位的(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)升(sheng),豐(feng)富(fu)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)產品結(jie)構(gou),全面促進長(chang)白(bai)(bai)縣旅(lv)(lv)游(you)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)可持續和(he)跨越式發(fa)展(zhan)。