千(qian)龍(long)湖國(guo)家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)公園(yuan)位(wei)于(yu)湖南省長(chang)沙(sha)市(shi)望(wang)城區(qu)格塘(tang)鎮(zhen),居(ju)湘中(zhong)東北,跨(kua)湘江尾閭,位(wei)于(yu)東經(jing)112°36′-113°02′,北緯27°58′-28°34′之間,距長(chang)沙(sha)市(shi)區(qu)30km,有臨近省會都市(shi)的區(qu)位(wei)優(you)勢。主要包括(kuo)千(qian)龍(long)湖和(he)團頭湖部分地(di)帶,總(zong)面積約920公頃(qing),分為生態保(bao)育區(qu)、科普宣教(jiao)區(qu)、生態種(zhong)植示范(fan)區(qu)、管理服務(wu)區(qu)和(he)休(xiu)閑娛(yu)樂區(qu)五個(ge)功能區(qu)。2014年12月31日,國(guo)家(jia)林業局(ju)正式批準千(qian)龍(long)湖濕(shi)地(di)公園(yuan)為國(guo)家(jia)級濕(shi)地(di)公園(yuan)。
濕地(di)公園是(shi)"國家(jia)AAAA級旅(lv)游(you)(you)景區、國家(jia)級水利風景區、全國農(nong)(nong)業旅(lv)游(you)(you)示范點(dian)(dian)、新(xin)瀟(xiao)湘休(xiu)閑八景、湖(hu)(hu)南省十(shi)佳五星(xing)級休(xiu)閑農(nong)(nong)莊(zhuang)、湖(hu)(hu)南省十(shi)大最(zui)佳旅(lv)游(you)(you)景點(dian)(dian)、長(chang)沙(sha)市(shi)民(min)最(zui)喜愛的十(shi)大旅(lv)游(you)(you)點(dian)(dian)"。
千(qian)(qian)龍湖(hu)國(guo)家(jia)濕(shi)地公園以湖(hu)泊為主,湖(hu)泊濕(shi)地類型特征明顯,溪流(liu)、溝渠、池塘、河道,各種水(shui)體形式豐(feng)富展現,水(shui)光瀲滟,晴雨、朝夕、風(feng)雪,不論(lun)四季晨(chen)晚,皆呈(cheng)現出迷人的水(shui)鄉面貌,煙水(shui)迷離(li),循環(huan)往復,變(bian)化(hua)萬千(qian)(qian)。千(qian)(qian)龍湖(hu)生態(tai)功能完備,生物(wu)多樣(yang)性價值突出,生命景觀(guan)豐(feng)富多彩,一(yi)派“岸芷(zhi)汀(ting)蘭,鳥飛(fei)魚躍”的優美水(shui)鄉田園風(feng)光。
千龍湖(格塘水庫)為一中型水庫,壩頂高(gao)程38米(mi)(mi),最大壩高(gao)7.9米(mi)(mi),正常蓄水1024萬(wan)立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi),灌(guan)溉面積30027畝,同時修(xiu)有東、中、西三條干(gan)渠。團(tuan)頭湖位于公園北(bei)邊界,是長(chang)沙地區最大湖泊。水位海拔30米(mi)(mi)時,水深約(yue)4米(mi)(mi),可調蓄水量(liang)2500多萬(wan)立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。
濕(shi)地(di)(di)公園(yuan)水面廣(guang)闊,生物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)資源豐(feng)富(fu)。濕(shi)地(di)(di)公園(yuan)及其周邊(bian)有脊椎動物(wu)(wu)2209種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中有國家二級保(bao)(bao)護動物(wu)(wu)11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),國際貿易公約(yue)附錄(lu)2的保(bao)(bao)護種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、附錄(lu)3的保(bao)(bao)護種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),有特殊(shu)科(ke)學價值和經(jing)濟意義的國家級保(bao)(bao)護物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)128種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),湖南省地(di)(di)方保(bao)(bao)護物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)107種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),中日候(hou)鳥(niao)(niao)保(bao)(bao)護物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)47種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),中澳候(hou)鳥(niao)(niao)保(bao)(bao)護物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),被錄(lu)入中國瀕(bin)危物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅皮(pi)書(shu)的物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),此外還有2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中國特有種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。植被類型豐(feng)富(fu)。
植被
有低山針葉(xie)林、常綠(lv)與落葉(xie)闊(kuo)葉(xie)混交林、常綠(lv)闊(kuo)葉(xie)林、竹林、灌草叢(cong)、草甸和沼(zhao)澤、水生(sheng)植物群落
動物
千龍湖(hu)該地有脊椎動物29目72科(ke)(ke)209種。其中魚類(lei)有4目14科(ke)(ke)46種;兩棲(qi)動物有2目5科(ke)(ke)12種;爬行動物有2目5科(ke)(ke)13種;鳥類(lei)有15目40科(ke)(ke)126種;哺乳動物有6目8科(ke)(ke)12種。
珍稀保護動(dong)物(wu):209種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)中(zhong)(zhong),國家(jia)二級保護動(dong)物(wu)11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),世界國際(ji)貿易公約附(fu)錄(lu)2的(de)(de)保護種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),附(fu)錄(lu)3的(de)(de)保護種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);有(you)(you)益的(de)(de)、有(you)(you)特殊科學價值和經濟意(yi)義的(de)(de)國家(jia)級保護物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)128種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);湖南(nan)省的(de)(de)地方保護物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)107種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。中(zhong)(zhong)日候鳥保護物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)47種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);中(zhong)(zhong)澳候鳥保護物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);被(bei)錄(lu)入(ru)中(zhong)(zhong)國瀕(bin)危物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅皮書的(de)(de)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);還(huan)有(you)(you)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)特有(you)(you)鳥類。
陸生脊椎動物類(lei):該地脊椎動物資源比較豐(feng)富,其中以鳥類(lei)物種所占比例較大。
魚(yu)類(lei):千龍湖國家濕地公園魚(yu)類(lei)資(zi)源豐富(fu),魚(yu)類(lei)區(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)復雜,整(zheng)個魚(yu)類(lei)群落由(you)11種區(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)成(cheng)分(fen)構(gou)成(cheng),以華東魚(yu)類(lei)區(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)為(wei)主,兼有南北和西(xi)部區(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)成(cheng)分(fen)滲透,具有較(jiao)強的(de)過渡(du)性。
鳥(niao)類:國家二級保護動物有白(bai)(bai)額雁、鳶(yuan)、雀鷹、松雀鷹、紅隼、白(bai)(bai)鷴、紅角鸮、領角鸮、領鵂鶹、領鵂鶹,中(zhong)國特有物種有白(bai)(bai)喉林鹟、白(bai)(bai)頭鵯(bei)。
生(sheng)態保育(yu)區:位于團頭湖亞區和千龍(long)湖大壩(ba)內的荷塘區域(yu)。生(sheng)態保育(yu)區自(zi)然(ran)資(zi)源(yuan)條(tiao)件優越,濕地景觀優良,是整(zheng)個濕地公園最重要(yao)的保護(hu)區域(yu)。
濕地恢復展(zhan)示區:位于濕地公園西北(bei)角(jiao),緊鄰東北(bei)部的(de)核心(xin)保育區,是開展(zhan)觀賞(shang)、生態旅游、濕地教(jiao)育的(de)理想場所。
科(ke)普宣教(jiao)區:主要分為濕地文(wen)化長廊(lang)、科(ke)普休閑長廊(lang)、濕地鳥類觀賞(shang)亞區三(san)個(ge)亞區。
生態種植(zhi)示(shi)范(fan)區:位于千龍湖區塊南部的南擴地帶,共有生態農(nong)業示(shi)范(fan)、生態林(lin)業示(shi)范(fan)、戲(xi)水與采(cai)摘三個主題內容。
休閑(xian)娛樂(le)區:主打休閑(xian)娛樂(le)產(chan)品,包括康體活動項(xiang)目、飲(yin)食休閑(xian)項(xiang)目、親水游(you)樂(le)項(xiang)目。
管(guan)理服(fu)務區(qu):整個(ge)公(gong)園的(de)主入口和綜合(he)服(fu)務區(qu)。