湖南思蒙國(guo)家(jia)濕地(di)(di)公園地(di)(di)處溆浦縣西部,涵蓋溆水(shui)下游河道(dao)、銀珍水(shui)庫(ku)、河州漫灘和(he)周(zhou)邊部分山(shan)地(di)(di),總面積(ji)(ji)1018公頃(qing),濕地(di)(di)面積(ji)(ji)715.8公頃(qing),占70.32%。公園內自然生(sheng)態環(huan)境優美、動(dong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)類繁多(duo),濕地(di)(di)資(zi)源豐富,有(you)河流、洪泛(fan)平原濕地(di)(di)、庫(ku)塘組成(cheng)了復合濕地(di)(di)生(sheng)態系統(tong),沿河山(shan)水(shui)風光(guang)與田園風光(guang)交(jiao)輝相應,丹霞(xia)山(shan)水(shui)、溶(rong)洞峽谷、古村驛(yi)站等景觀資(zi)源豐富多(duo)彩,園內有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)145科(ke)(ke)、431屬、637種(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)(qi)中屬于濕地(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)有(you)64科(ke)(ke)、159屬、206種(zhong)(zhong),同時在公園范圍(wei)內監測到(dao)野生(sheng)脊椎(zhui)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)共計26目67科(ke)(ke)171種(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)(qi)種(zhong)(zhong)數為湖南省已知脊椎(zhui)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)總數的18.67%,具有(you)很高的生(sheng)態價值和(he)社(she)會效益。
2013年12月經國家(jia)林業局(ju)審批將思蒙(meng)濕地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)列為國家(jia)級濕地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),該公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)屬(shu)河流濕地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),地(di)(di)(di)處湖南省溆浦縣西(xi)部(bu)的巖溶、丹霞(xia)地(di)(di)(di)貌區(qu),東(dong)起盧峰鎮(zhen)地(di)(di)(di)坪的桔(jie)頌壩,西(xi)至江(jiang)口(kou)鎮(zhen)的犁頭咀,范圍包括(kuo)溆水下游(you)河道(dao)、銀珍水庫、河洲漫灘和(he)周邊部(bu)分(fen)山地(di)(di)(di),共涉及盧峰鎮(zhen)、仲夏(xia)、思蒙(meng)、小江(jiang)、江(jiang)口(kou)鎮(zhen)等五個(ge)(ge)鄉鎮(zhen),28個(ge)(ge)行政村(cun),總面(mian)(mian)積1018.0公(gong)頃,其中水域面(mian)(mian)積715.8畝占(zhan)70.32%,陸地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(林地(di)(di)(di)及其他用地(di)(di)(di))302.2畝。地(di)(di)(di)理坐標介于東(dong)經110°22′38″~110°34′23″,北緯(wei)27°49′17″~27°54′08″之間,南北長8.8千(qian)米,東(dong)西(xi)寬19.3千(qian)米。
濕(shi)(shi)地公(gong)園(yuan)境內河(he)(he)流(liu)(包括常(chang)年(nian)有水流(liu)的小溪(xi))總長度36.5千米,主河(he)(he)流(liu)床寬100~150米,最大流(liu)量(liang)3960立方米/秒,多年(nian)平均流(liu)量(liang)1990立方米/秒,年(nian)平均徑流(liu)量(liang)26.3立方米/秒,思蒙(meng)濕(shi)(shi)地公(gong)園(yuan)地處低山巖(yan)溶(rong)、丹霞地貌區,母巖(yan)以砂礫巖(yan)、石灰巖(yan)為(wei)主,土壤(rang)主要為(wei)紅(hong)壤(rang)和近(jin)代(dai)河(he)(he)湖沖積(ji)物發育而成的河(he)(he)潮(chao)土,另有少(shao)量(liang)水稻土.
公園(yuan)內(nei)主要有(you)江口、思(si)蒙、仲夏3處碼頭(tou),桃源洞(dong)天、三閭灘(tan)等主要景點設有(you)簡(jian)易碼頭(tou),通(tong)航里程27.0千米。通(tong)訊條件較好,中國移動、中國電(dian)信(xin)、中國聯(lian)通(tong)信(xin)號實(shi)現了全覆(fu)蓋.
園區內(nei)動植(zhi)物資(zi)源種類繁多,有種子植(zhi)物145科、431屬、637種,屬濕地植(zhi)物有64科、159屬、206種。其中重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保護(hu)植(zhi)物有8種,分別(bie)是:國家Ⅰ級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保護(hu)植(zhi)物2種,銀杏、水(shui)杉,國家Ⅱ級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保護(hu)植(zhi)物6種,樟樹、蓮(lian)、野(ye)大(da)(da)豆、大(da)(da)葉櫸、喜樹、中華結縷草。
有(you)野生脊(ji)椎(zhui)動(dong)物26目(mu)67科171種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)魚類有(you)4目(mu)9科33種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),兩棲動(dong)物有(you)1目(mu)4科13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),爬行動(dong)物油3目(mu)7科20種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),鳥類有(you)14目(mu)37科88種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),哺(bu)乳類動(dong)物有(you)4目(mu)10科17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)中(zhong)國家(jia)Ⅱ級重(zhong)點保護動(dong)物有(you)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分別是:虎紋(wen)蛙、黑耳鳶、赤(chi)腹鷹(ying)、雀鷹(ying)、燕隼(sun)、阿穆(mu)爾隼(sun)、紅隼(sun)、紅腹錦(jin)雞、東方角鸮、斑頭鵂鶹。
公(gong)園(yuan)內自然生態(tai)環(huan)境優美(mei),濕地(di)(di)資源(yuan)豐富,由河流、洪(hong)泛平原濕地(di)(di)、庫塘組成了復合(he)濕地(di)(di)生態(tai)系統。
沿河山(shan)水(shui)(shui)風光(guang)與田園風光(guang)交輝相應(ying),丹霞山(shan)水(shui)(shui)、溶洞(dong)峽谷、古(gu)(gu)村驛(yi)站等(deng)景觀資源(yuan)豐富多彩。主要景點有煙(yan)雨思蒙、溆水(shui)(shui)屈儃、桃源(yuan)洞(dong)天、五佛山(shan)、三閭灘、犁(li)頭咀古(gu)(gu)驛(yi)站等(deng)。