柏(bo)(bo)林湖濕地(di)總面(mian)積(ji)290公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，水域面(mian)積(ji)140公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，積(ji)水面(mian)積(ji)320平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)，河道總長60公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)。濕地(di)內山青(qing)水秀、環境清幽、風景迷人，被全國(guo)著名鄉土(tu)民俗建筑專家季(ji)富政稱為山溝里(li)的“小(xiao)九寨(zhai)”，已經(jing)成功申(shen)報為國(guo)家濕地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)。據了解，柏(bo)(bo)林湖國(guo)家濕地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)所在(zai)的柏(bo)(bo)林古鎮，于東漢末年（公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)128年）建葭萌分縣，已有1800多(duo)年歷(li)史。境內歷(li)史文(wen)化(hua)積(ji)淀(dian)厚(hou)重，文(wen)物(wu)、古跡眾(zhong)多(duo)，自然風光清新秀美，秦(qin)漢古街(jie)被譽為川北民居“標本”，目前正在(zai)申(shen)報省級歷(li)史文(wen)化(hua)名鎮。
擬建的國家(jia)濕地(di)公園(yuan)位于廣元市(shi)昭化區(qu)境(jing)內(nei)，主要包括柏林湖及周邊濕地(di)區(qu)域。濕地(di)公園(yuan)范(fan)圍東(dong)北起于石板河(he)(he)(he)向(xiang)(xiang)西(xi)(xi)南，沿(yan)溝至(zhi)寺坪向(xiang)(xiang)南，沿(yan)馮(feng)家(jia)河(he)(he)(he)至(zhi)張家(jia)河(he)(he)(he)向(xiang)(xiang)西(xi)(xi)北至(zhi)觀音巖，向(xiang)(xiang)南沿(yan)至(zhi)三(san)房里，向(xiang)(xiang)西(xi)(xi)北沿(yan)柏林湖至(zhi)王家(jia)灣(wan)，向(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)南至(zhi)江家(jia)灣(wan)，向(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)南沿(yan)柏林湖至(zhi)馬蹄灘大壩，向(xiang)(xiang)西(xi)(xi)北至(zhi)何家(jia)嘴，向(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)北沿(yan)馮(feng)家(jia)河(he)(he)(he)至(zhi)石板河(he)(he)(he)。規劃(hua)面積1597.5hm2。
公園(yuan)內濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)主(zhu)要由(you)人工(gong)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)的蓄水區濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)132.09公頃、水塘濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)1.31公頃、灌(guan)溉地(di)(di)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)5.16公頃、自(zi)然濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)的永久性河流濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)8.12公頃和(he)泛(fan)濫地(di)(di)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)88.67公頃構成，占公園(yuan)總面積的14.73%，濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)種類較豐(feng)富。
公(gong)園內森林均為濕(shi)地(di)匯水區，山谷溪流(liu)終年不(bu)斷流(liu)，保(bao)障了濕(shi)地(di)充分(fen)的(de)水量供給，濕(shi)地(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)統(tong)隨(sui)水位的(de)季節(jie)性變化而(er)變化，與周邊的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)統(tong)之間的(de)物(wu)質與能量交換頻繁，整個生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)統(tong)已(yi)達到生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)平衡(heng)。 公(gong)園內濕(shi)地(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多樣性資源十分(fen)豐富，柏林湖(hu)濕(shi)地(di)周圍分(fen)布(bu)著近20余種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樹木(mu)(mu)，主要有馬尾(wei)松、柏木(mu)(mu)、榿木(mu)(mu)等樹種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，還有省重點保(bao)護原生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)珍貴(gui)樹木(mu)(mu)杜仲、銀杏等，野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)42種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)水禽類(lei)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，兩棲類(lei)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，爬行類(lei)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，鳥類(lei)19種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，獸(shou)類(lei)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。特別是白鷺等水鳥作為濕(shi)地(di)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)中(zhong)較(jiao)具代(dai)表性的(de)類(lei)群，靈敏反應(ying)了濕(shi)地(di)環境的(de)變化。
公園內(nei)有多處古剎名(ming)寺(si)、石雕古墓、魁(kui)星閣樓、閉關佛洞等(deng)人文景觀，還有自(zi)然(ran)形成的柏(bo)林湖、五嵐二錦、摩(mo)崖造像、三國古柏(bo)等(deng)自(zi)然(ran)景觀，景點(dian)美不勝收。
濕(shi)地(di)公園地(di)質構(gou)造(zao)為龍門山(shan)(shan)北東(dong)向華夏式構(gou)造(zao)體系，位(wei)于摩天嶺構(gou)造(zao)帶之(zhi)南、米倉上(shang)構(gou)造(zao)帶之(zhi)西(xi)，北東(dong)走(zou)向，插入摩天嶺、米倉山(shan)(shan)構(gou)造(zao)帶內。大部(bu)分地(di)區屬白堊系下統城墻巖(yan)(yan)群地(di)址巖(yan)(yan)層，是繼侏羅系沉積之(zhi)后又一套河湖相間的紅(hong)色碎屑巖(yan)(yan)構(gou)成，礫巖(yan)(yan)、砂(sha)巖(yan)(yan)、泥巖(yan)(yan)呈互層產(chan)生，厚度在1300m左右，巖(yan)(yan)相巖(yan)(yan)性(xing)變化較大。
濕地公園及(ji)周邊(bian)區域有4個土(tu)(tu)類、7個亞類，林業用地土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)有紫(zi)色土(tu)(tu)、山(shan)(shan)地黃(huang)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)、新沖(chong)擊(ji)土(tu)(tu)三類，以(yi)前(qian)兩類為多。紫(zi)色土(tu)(tu)因發(fa)育于(yu)紫(zi)色母巖，發(fa)育較淺(qian)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)質地以(yi)中(zhong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)、重壤(rang)(rang)(rang)居(ju)多，沙土(tu)(tu)及(ji)粘土(tu)(tu)較少酸(suan)堿度微(wei)(wei)酸(suan)性(xing)至微(wei)(wei)堿性(xing)，以(yi)中(zhong)性(xing)及(ji)微(wei)(wei)堿性(xing)為主，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)含N、P、K元(yuan)素(su)較多，保水保肥力較強，一般(ban)分布(bu)于(yu)海(hai)拔700m以(yi)上(shang)。山(shan)(shan)地黃(huang)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)屬(shu)砂巖和頁巖石發(fa)育而成的土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)，質地有沙壤(rang)(rang)(rang)和粘壤(rang)(rang)(rang)，一般(ban)分布(bu)在海(hai)拔700m以(yi)上(shang)。新沖(chong)擊(ji)土(tu)(tu)主要分布(bu)于(yu)沿河兩岸，海(hai)拔一般(ban)在300-500m左右，土(tu)(tu)層深厚(hou)、肥沃。
濕地公園所在區域(yu)屬亞熱帶(dai)季風(feng)性濕潤氣候，四季分明，冬春(chun)多(duo)風(feng)，夏秋(qiu)多(duo)雨(yu)，冬暖(nuan)夏熱，秋(qiu)季涼爽，降雨(yu)集中，高(gao)溫期(qi)與多(duo)雨(yu)期(qi)一致。全年(nian)平均氣溫17.0℃，公園內日照時數(shu)最(zui)多(duo)是在8月，最(zui)少是12月，年(nian)平均日照數(shu)1370.0h，太陽輻射總量(liang)年(nian)均91.67cal/cm2。
濕地公園內年平(ping)均(jun)相(xiang)對濕度70%左右，冬春(chun)較干燥，多年平(ping)均(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量812.9mm，3-6月降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量68.1mm，多年年平(ping)均(jun)蒸(zheng)發(fa)量1499mm，3-6月蒸(zheng)發(fa)量162.3mm。
濕地公(gong)園內(nei)柏林湖流域(yu)面積(ji)420km2，集雨(yu)面積(ji)320km2，總蓄(xu)水(shui)(shui)、提水(shui)(shui)能力(li)約3億(yi)m3，一般年份總蓄(xu)水(shui)(shui)兩2.8億(yi)m3，公(gong)園內(nei)濕地水(shui)(shui)量隨著季(ji)節變化有一定的(de)變化，但是變化幅度不大，7-10月(yue)份因降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)增多水(shui)(shui)位(wei)有所(suo)升(sheng)高，枯水(shui)(shui)期(qi)與(yu)豐(feng)水(shui)(shui)期(qi)水(shui)(shui)位(wei)相差3-4m，整個公(gong)園在豐(feng)水(shui)(shui)季(ji)節沒有洪澇(lao)災害。
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