四川白玉拉龍措(cuo)國(guo)家濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)類型(xing)多(duo)樣,動植物資(zi)源(yuan)豐富,濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)景觀獨特,濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)文(wen)化濃厚,濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)資(zi)源(yuan)具有很(hen)高(gao)的(de)保(bao)護價(jia)值。本文(wen)在(zai)分(fen)析(xi)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)的(de)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)水文(wen)、濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)類型(xing)、面積(ji)及濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)資(zi)源(yuan)現(xian)狀(zhuang)的(de)基礎上,對該公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)的(de)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)資(zi)源(yuan)做(zuo)出(chu)了評價(jia)。同時(shi)以濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)資(zi)源(yuan)保(bao)護為(wei)目的(de),運用(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護規(gui)劃(hua)的(de)理論和方法,通過(guo)水源(yuan)保(bao)障、水系(xi)和水質保(bao)護措(cuo)施(shi)、棲息地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)護措(cuo)施(shi)和濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)文(wen)化保(bao)護措(cuo)施(shi)等一系(xi)列生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)工(gong)程和措(cuo)施(shi),優化該濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境,以期為(wei)該公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)的(de)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)護和規(gui)劃(hua)提供(gong)科學(xue)依(yi)據。
四(si)川白玉拉龍措國家濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園(yuan)總面積29878.04公頃,濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)面積13010.18公頃,濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)率為(wei)43.54%。包括永久性(xing)河流濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)、洪泛濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)、永久性(xing)淡(dan)水湖濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)、季(ji)節性(xing)淡(dan)水湖濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)、草(cao)本沼(zhao)澤濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)、灌叢沼(zhao)澤濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)和(he)地(di)(di)(di)熱(re)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)7個(ge)類型。
走在甘白路(lu)上(shang)(shang),從(cong)荒涼(liang)蒼(cang)茫(mang)的海子山(shan)(shan)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)來(lai),路(lu)邊(bian)有(you)一(yi)個大海子,彷如天(tian)上(shang)(shang)掉(diao)下(xia)來(lai)的明鏡,這就(jiu)是(shi)白玉縣最大的海子拉龍(long)措。拉龍(long)措四周都是(shi)山(shan)(shan)坡上(shang)(shang)怪石磷峋,湖邊(bian)綠草(cao)如茵野花(hua)盛開,零星(xing)的帳篷散落其中,美的如詩如畫(hua)。
白玉(yu),系藏語(yu)譯(yi)音。藏語(yu)意為“吉(ji)(ji)祥盛德的地(di)方”。其地(di)形似吉(ji)(ji)祥圖案,故名。白玉(yu)縣處(chu)川(chuan)西北(bei)丘(qiu)狀高原山(shan)區,全境屬沙(sha)魯(lu)里山(shan)地(di)段。南與(yu)巴塘縣接(jie)壤(rang)之麻貢嘎(ga)山(shan)峰(feng)海拔(ba)5725米,最(zui)低處(chu)山(shan)巖(yan)鄉金沙(sha)江河谷(gu)海拔(ba)2640米。
在(zai)白(bai)玉縣(xian)的深(shen)山荒原上(shang)(shang),散落(luo)著許多(duo)高原湖(hu)(hu)泊。當地的藏族農(nong)牧(mu)民(min),把這(zhe)些湖(hu)(hu)泊稱為“海子(zi)”。由甘(gan)孜去白(bai)玉的路上(shang)(shang)要經過(guo)一(yi)處(chu)名(ming)叫“拉龍”的湖(hu)(hu)泊,海拔(ba)在(zai)4300多(duo)公尺以(yi)上(shang)(shang)。湖(hu)(hu)泊四周,是白(bai)玉縣(xian)的一(yi)個高海拔(ba)牧(mu)場(chang),湖(hu)(hu)泊邊(bian)帳篷座(zuo)座(zuo),牛羊成群。