貴州思南白鷺湖國家濕地公園位于貴州省思南縣、總面積4264.8公頃。貴(gui)州思南(nan)(nan)白鷺湖國(guo)家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)坐(zuo)落于貴(gui)州省(sheng)銅(tong)仁市思南(nan)(nan)縣縣城(cheng)南(nan)(nan)部18公(gong)里烏(wu)江河段上,地(di)(di)處武陵山(shan)腹地(di)(di),烏(wu)江流域的中(zhong)心地(di)(di)帶,東鄰國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)自然保護區梵(fan)凈山(shan),西倚歷史文化名城(cheng)遵義(yi),南(nan)(nan)靠泉都石阡,北(bei)順(shun)烏(wu)江達(da)重(zhong)慶涪陵入長(chang)江。地(di)(di)理坐(zuo)標為東經107°55′32"~108°11′18",北(bei)緯27°38′55"~27°49′35"。規劃總面積4264.8公(gong)頃。該國(guo)家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)于2013年12月(yue)21日(ri)通過國(guo)家(jia)林業局批復(fu)(林濕(shi)發[2013]243號),目前正進入試點建設階段。
貴州思南白(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)湖國家濕(shi)地公園(yuan)以(yi)在(zai)烏江(jiang)中游(you)上(shang)人(ren)工筑壩(ba)形(xing)成的(de)(de)白(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)湖為(wei)主體,以(yi)白(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)湖泊沼澤濕(shi)地生態(tai)(tai)系統(tong)為(wei)核(he)心,以(yi)構建烏江(jiang)上(shang)的(de)(de)生態(tai)(tai)廊(lang)道、完善長江(jiang)上(shang)游(you)生態(tai)(tai)屏(ping)障功能為(wei)目的(de)(de)而建立。白(bai)鷺(lu)(lu)湖濕(shi)地公園(yuan)的(de)(de)自(zi)然(ran)資源豐(feng)富,歷史(shi)、人(ren)文景觀獨(du)特。
濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan):公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)域(yu)(yu)(yu)廣闊,形(xing)成了自然河(he)流以及人工濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(庫(ku)塘)構(gou)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統(tong)(tong),濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)多樣(yang)。同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi),濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)與(yu)森林(lin)構(gou)建完(wan)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)湖(hu)光山色美景(jing)(jing),并且長期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)化沉淀(dian),使得白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)國家(jia)(jia)(jia)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)豐富,有(you)(you)“百里畫廊”之美譽。一(yi)(yi)(yi)是水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)域(yu)(yu)(yu)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan):公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)域(yu)(yu)(yu)寬廣,總面積2514.9公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃,主(zhu)要水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)域(yu)(yu)(yu)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)包括:白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)、六池河(he)、黑(hei)灘河(he)、黑(hei)鵝溪(xi)等(deng)。共同(tong)(tong)形(xing)成了“平湖(hu)”、“水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)巷“、“洞(dong)(dong)溪(xi)”、“地(di)(di)下(xia)河(he)”等(deng)多樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)域(yu)(yu)(yu)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)風貌。湖(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)清(qing)綠幽寂,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質清(qing)純(chun)。二(er)是地(di)(di)文(wen)(wen)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan):公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)呈現出典型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)喀斯特地(di)(di)貌景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)。山峰層巒疊嶂,形(xing)態(tai)(tai)各異;峽谷(gu)壁(bi)立(li)千仞(ren),怪石嶙(lin)峋(xun);島嶼(yu)點綴(zhui)其(qi)中,風光秀麗(li);溶(rong)洞(dong)(dong)群(qun)迂(yu)回(hui)曲折(zhe),巧奪天工。主(zhu)要地(di)(di)文(wen)(wen)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)包括:小溪(xi)槽(cao)天坑、黑(hei)河(he)峽谷(gu)、鹽井壩島、天生(sheng)橋以及馬尾洞(dong)(dong)、犀(xi)牛洞(dong)(dong)、仙人洞(dong)(dong)等(deng)溶(rong)洞(dong)(dong)群(qun)。呈現出雄(xiong)偉、險峻(jun)、隱蔽、幽深的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)美學特征,與(yu)廣闊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)域(yu)(yu)(yu)營造(zao)出山地(di)(di)-峽谷(gu)-平湖(hu)(河(he)流)融為(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)文(wen)(wen)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)。三是生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan):濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)兩岸藤蘿懸掛(gua)、鴛鴦(yang)戲(xi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、野(ye)猴(hou)嬉戲(xi),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)鳥飛鳴,具有(you)(you)結構(gou)完(wan)善(shan)、功(gong)能協同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)-森林(lin)復合生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統(tong)(tong)。據調查統(tong)(tong)計,濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)及其(qi)周邊(bian)區(qu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)分(fen)布有(you)(you)維管植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)53目(mu),120科(ke),252屬,331種。其(qi)中,國家(jia)(jia)(jia)重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)護植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)2種,有(you)(you)國家(jia)(jia)(jia)一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)護植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)銀杏(xing)、國家(jia)(jia)(jia)二(er)級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)護植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)柔毛油杉。同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi),濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)內有(you)(you)野(ye)生(sheng)脊(ji)椎動物(wu)(wu)(wu)214種,隸屬5綱29目(mu)73科(ke);其(qi)中列(lie)為(wei)國家(jia)(jia)(jia)二(er)級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)野(ye)生(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)9種、列(lie)入(ru)《國家(jia)(jia)(jia)保(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)益的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)或(huo)者有(you)(you)重(zhong)(zhong)要經濟、科(ke)學研(yan)究價值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陸生(sheng)野(ye)生(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)名錄(lu)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)達86種。這些(xie)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)給白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)國家(jia)(jia)(jia)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建設(she)帶(dai)來了良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)基礎,一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)四(si)季景(jing)(jing)色怡人,可以提供人們鳥類觀(guan)(guan)賞(shang)(shang)、科(ke)普教育(yu)、休閑娛樂等(deng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)系列(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旅游觀(guan)(guan)光項(xiang)目(mu)。四(si)是天象與(yu)氣候景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan):在波光粼粼的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)湖(hu)面上(shang)乘(cheng)坐游船(chuan)觀(guan)(guan)賞(shang)(shang)著白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)夕陽西下(xia),體(ti)驗夕陽下(xia)滿載(zai)收獲(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漁船(chuan)歸港;屹立(li)于(yu)白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)大壩上(shang),觀(guan)(guan)看一(yi)(yi)(yi)泄數十米的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)汽煙云(yun);白(bai)(bai)鷺(lu)湖(hu)靜靜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流淌在群(qun)山當中,如遇上(shang)湖(hu)面上(shang)淡淡薄霧,兩岸美麗(li)景(jing)(jing)色帶(dai)著些(xie)許朦朧,讓人暇思聯翩。
文化(hua)(hua)資源:貴(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)思(si)南(nan)(nan)白(bai)鷺湖國(guo)家濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公園(yuan)所在的思(si)南(nan)(nan)縣歷史悠(you)久,素有“先思(si)南(nan)(nan)后貴(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)”一說,是(shi)中(zhong)原文化(hua)(hua)向西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)滲(shen)透(tou)的重要地(di)(di)(di)(di)區,也是(shi)中(zhong)原文化(hua)(hua)與西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)少數(shu)民族(zu)文化(hua)(hua)相融(rong)合的交(jiao)接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶(dai),形成了(le)思(si)南(nan)(nan)獨特地(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)民族(zu)文化(hua)(hua)。同時濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公園(yuan)處于綿(mian)延縱橫的黃金水道烏(wu)江(jiang)(jiang)之上,烏(wu)江(jiang)(jiang)更是(shi)一條(tiao)連接(jie)長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)流域(yu)、云貴(gui)高原、巴蜀地(di)(di)(di)(di)區和(he)湘西(xi)(xi)的文化(hua)(hua)紐帶(dai),流域(yu)內文物(wu)古跡遍布,民族(zu)文化(hua)(hua)風情(qing)濃(nong)郁,多元文化(hua)(hua)交(jiao)流碰撞,孕育(yu)了(le)獨具(ju)地(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)特色的濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(烏(wu)江(jiang)(jiang))文化(hua)(hua)。